I 35* &&i'f |%! I* \ WaSp ffi I ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS VOLUME XLVIII, 1937 PHILIP P. CALVERT, PH. D., EDITOR ASSOCIATE EDITORS : E. T. CRESSON, JR. R. G. SCHMIEDER, PH. D. V. S. L. PATE ADVISORY COMMITTEE : PHILIP LAURENT J. A. G. REHN CHARLES LIEBECK JOHN C. LUTZ J. CHESTER BRADLEY, PH. D. MAX KISLIUK, JR. FRANK MORTON JONES, Sc. D. WM. W. CHAPMAN PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY, PHILADELPHIA, PA.: THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES LOGAN SQUARE 1937 The several numbers of the NEWS for 1937 were mailed at the Post Office at Philadelphia, Pa., as follows: No. 1 January January 22, 1937 " 2 February February 11 " 3 March March 12 " 4 April April 13 " 5 May May 13 " 6 June June 11 " 7 July July 16 " 8 October October 12 " 9 November November 17 The date of mailing the December, 1937, number will be announced on the last page of the issue for January, 1933. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS JANUARY. 1937 ^JJ$V^ Vol. XLVIII (fa -- x- No. 1 CONTENTS McClure Insect Remains 1 Fattig The Coleoptera or Beetles of Georgia 4 Fall A New Agaporus (Dytiscidae-Coleoptera) ... 10 James New Colorado Asilidae (Diptera) 12 Knull Notes on Coleoptera with Descriptions of New Species (Buprest- idae and Cerambycidae) 15 Felt Balloon Drift and Insect Drift 17 Editorial 18 Emerson Termite Nests a study of the Phylogeny of Behavior ... 20 Entomological Literature 20 Doings of Societies 26 Obituary Henry G. Klages, Dr. Carroll Fox 29 PHILADELPHIA, PA. THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, 1900 Race Street Entered at the Philadelphia, Pa., Post Office as Second Class Matter. Acceptance for mailing at the special rate of postage prescribed for in Section 1. Act of October 3, 1917, authorized January 15, 1921. SUBSCRIPTIONS FOR 1937 NOW PAYAB' Detachable Subscription Blank in this NumV ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS published monthly, excepting August and September, by The American Entomological Society. Philip P. Calvert, Ph.D., Editor; E. T. Cresson, Jr., R. G. Schmieder, Ph.D., V. S. L. Pate, Associate Editors. Advisory Committee: Philip Laurent, J. A. G. Rehn, Chas. Liebeck, J. Chester Bradley, Ph.D., Frank Morton Jones, Sc.D., John C. Lutz, Max Kisliuk, Jr., Wm. W. Chapman. The subscription price per year of ten (10) numbers is as follows: United States and possessions, Central and South America $3.00, Canada $3.15, Foreign $3.25, Single copies 35 cents. ADVERTISING RATES: Full width of page. Payments in advance. One issue, 1 in., $ 1.20, 3 in., $ 3.00, 5 in., $ 5.00, 7 in., $ 7.00 Ten issues, " 8.00, " 25.00, " 45.00, " 60.00 SUBSCRIPTIONS. All remittances and communications regarding sub- scriptions, non-receipt of the "News" or of reprints, and requests for sample copies, should be addressed to ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, 1900 Race Street, PHILADELPHIA, PA. MANUSCRIPTS AND ADVERTISEMENTS should be sent to the editor, Dr. P. P. Calvert, Zoological Laboratory, LTniversity of Pennsyl- Phii t, Pa. receipt of all papers will be acknowledged ill be published as soon as possible. If not Ivised and postage requested for return of ,han six printed pages will be published in 5S the author is willing to pay for the cost onal pages in any one issue to enable such i artici ision. Proof will be sent to authors. ates) of an author's contribution will be given : they will be "run of form," that is without parts of other articles at beginning and at :ut and without covers. Authors wishing i lain them, at the rates given at the bottom : time of returning proof. I printing all illustrations will be charged furnish cost of same when requested. ' nerican Entomological Society will be held . fourth Thursday of each month excepting and December, and on the third Thursday r and De<. \ations made in the course of your studies y specimens you consider of interest. urnish reprints of articles, without covers, over and he following rales: One or two pages, twenty-five . twenty-five copies, 70 cents; five to eight pages, Ive pages, twenty-five copies, $2.00; each half-tone eh plate of line cuts, twenty-five copies, 25 cents; the corresponding multiples of these rates. Printed According to number of pages bound. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS VOL. XLVIII. JANUARY, 1937 No. 1 Insect Remains. By H. ELLIOTT McCLURE, University of Illinois, Urbana, 111. In the past two years, while studying soil populations, the question has often come to mind, "What becomes of all of the millions of insects that live on the soil surface and what are their chances of preservation?" Obviously, the answer h, "They all die and disintegrate and the chances of preservation are very small." In an effort to answer this more accurately, in October and November of 1934 ten random one-foot-square samples of soil- surface debris and soil, scraped to a depth of one fourth of an inch, were taken into the laboratory and the living insects driven from them by means of a modified Berlese funnel. Then the debris and dirt were examined by hand with a hand lens for insect remains. Since this time over 100 square feet have been examined with results comparable to those given here. The samples were taken in an open floodplain forest near Danville, Illinois. At this time of year all of the summer forms were dead, dying, or in hibernacula. These insects, in dying, crawled or dropped to the soil surface and it is believed, but not demonstrable, that the insect remains on the surface in the winter are of the insects of the preceding summer. As quickly as the insects die they are attacked by ants, collembola, millipeds and other forms, so that their bodies are soon broken up into the component segments or sclerites. From the ten square feet of debris were driven 1320 arthro- pods and 20 snails, and in the debris were found the remains of 239 arthropods and the shells of 62 snails. The live insects averaged 132 per square foot and the remains 23.9 per square foot. There were 5.5 times as many living insects as recogni/.- able remains. 2 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '37 Of the insect remains 172, or 72%, could be identified to order, 50, or 21%, to family, and only 7, or 3%, were readily recognizable to species. These were, of the beetle remains : Pelidnota punctata Linn., 1 elytron; Phyllotrcta vittata Fabr., 2 elytra; Notoxns sp., 2 elytra and abdomen; Hemiptera : Hymenarcys cqualis (Say), one nearly complete insect; Solubea pugnax (Fabr.), one nearly complete insect; Menedes inccrtus (Fabr.), one nearly complete insect; Triphlcps insidiosus (Say) one nearly complete insect. Many of the other insect remains, especiallly the elytra of many beetles, would be recog- nizable to specialists of the group concerned. The pentatomids were probably the remains of insects that had just died and the sclerites had not yet broken apart. The beetle elytra were iden- tified by the markings. In contrast to the insects, 58 snails, or 93%, were identifiable as to genus or species. These were : Retinella indentata ( Say ) 29 Euconulus fulvus (Miiller) 20 Succinea avara Say Punctum pygmacum (Drup. ) 3 Gastrocopta armifera (Say) 1 Gastrocopta pentad on (Say) 1 Polygyra sp. (Fragment) 1 58 Although there were only one-fourth as many snails as insect remains, due to their structure, there were eight times as many recognizable snails as there were recognizable insects. The parts of the insects which are most durable are: Hemiptera, scutellum, pronotum, meso- and metathorax, ab- dominal sterna, and hemelytra; Coleoptera: elytra, head cap- sule, pronotum, legs, meso- and metasterna and hind wings ; Lepidoptera : parts of moth pupae, head capsules of larvae, and bits of wings ; Hymenoptera : f orewings, head capsule, abdo- men, and metathorax ; Homoptera : f orewing ; Diptera : wings and thorax, head capsule and puparial shell ; spiders : cephalo- thorax and legs. 28% of the insect remains were unrecogniz- able bits of chitin. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 3 Among the living insects taken from the same ten square feet 37.8% were mites and 11.4% were collembola. No remains of either of these were found, probably because of their minute- ness. Of the living insects 24% were Coleoptera and of the remains, 35.4% were Coleoptera. Diptera and dipterous larvae composed 10% of the living insects, but dipterous remains were only 1.4% of the total. Spiders formed 1% of the living forms, but 5.7% of the remains. Pentatomids formed 4% of the remains, but only .15% of the living insects. 9.7% of the remains were hymenopterous and, of the live insects, 1.1%. The accompanying tables gives further information. Snails possess greater potentiality for preservation than in- sects, for as they die, the numbers of remains are increased on the soil surface from year to year, unless covered by some de- posit. Because of this, there were three times as many snail remains as living snails on 10 square feet. With insects the opposite is true, for there are fewer recognizable remains on the soil surface than there are living forms. These become consistently less identifiable, due to detrition, as they age. As- suming that it is possible from these observations to draw any conclusions, it may be stated, that for each snail shell found, there have been at least 300 insects which have died, leaving little or no recognizable remains. Furthermore, assuming that these insect remains are not more than one year old, it may be said, that, at the end of each year, the insects possess only an 18.1%' possibility of preservation and the snails, 93%. Table 1. Showing the numbers of macroscopic dead and living organ- isms on the soil surface of ten square feet in open woodland during the months of October and November, 1934. ORGANIC REMAINS LIVING ORGANISMS Group No. % Group No. % Mollusca 62 Mollusca 20 Arachnida 14 5.7 Arachnida 15 1.0 Acarina 500 37.8 Annelida 20 Chelifcridae 50 3.7 Chilopoda 10 .7 Pentatomidae 10 4.0 Pentatomidae Coreidae 1 .4 Lygaeidae 12 .9 Miridae 2 1.0 Collembola 150 11.4 Misc. Hemiptera 15 6.0 Misc. Hemiptera 5 .3 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '37 ORGANIC REMAINS Scara : eidae 5 Carabidae 10 Cerambycidae 1 Chrvs< 'inelidae 2 Anthicidae 2 Misc. Coleoptera 65 Lepidoptera 10 Formicidae 10 Mi~c. Hymenoptera ... 14 Chrysopidae 3 Psocidae 1 Cicadellidae 2 Sarcophagidae 1 Diptera puparia 3 Locustidae 1 Unrecognizable chitin.. 67 2.0 4.0 .4 1.0 1.0 27.0 4.0 4.0 5.7 1.0 .4 1.0 .4 1.0 .4 28.0 Total Arthropods.. 239 98.4 Snails per square foot.. 6.2 Arthropods per sq. ft... 23.9 Total arthropods identi- fiable : To order 172 72% To family 50 21% To genus 7 3% Total snails identifiable : To genus 58 93% LIVING ORGANISMS Thysanoptera 20 1.5 Misc. Coleoptera 320 Lepidoptera larvae .... 7 Formicidae 15 Chalcidcidea ' Chrysopidae 1 Cicadellidae . . 1 Hptera Diptera larvae 1 90 50 Misc. Groups 30 74 7 ' '.53 1.0 .1 .1 6.7 3.7 Total Arthropods . . 1300 97.7 Snails per square foot.. 2 Arthropods per sq. ft... 130 Total arthropods identi- fiable : To genus 1300 100% Total snails identifiable : To genus 20 100% The Coleoptera or Beetles of Georgia. P. W. FATTIG, Emory University, Georgia. (Continued from Volume XL VI I, page 238.) Ill addition to those mentioned in Part I, I wish to thank Dr. W. J. Brown, of the Department of Entomology, Depart- ment of Agriculture, Ottawa, Canada, for determining many of the Pllateridae. ELATERIDAE. 8554 ADELOCERA IMPRESSICOLLIS Say. Valdnsla III, 21, '31. 8560 A. MARMORATA Fal). Stone Alt. V, 10, '31; Atlanta, X, 18, '28. 8561 A. DISCOIDEA Web. Atlanta VI, 2, '29; VII, 13, '30; Stone Mt. VI, 8, '30; VI, 16, '29; VI, 18, '30; VI, 25, '30; Yonah Mt. VI, 10, '36. 8562 A. AVITA Say. Atlanta V, 12, '36; Ouitman VI, 17, '31. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 5 8564 LACON RECTANGULARIS Say. Folkston V, 8, '32. 8565 L. CURTUS Lee. Albany VII, 30, '31. 8571 ALAUS OCULATUS Linn, Macon IV, 13, '31 ; Stone Mt. IV, 16, '31; IV, 24, '32; Tallulah Falls IV, 21, '31; Atlanta V, 21 to VII, 3 (7) ; Albany VI, 1, '32. 8572 A. MYOPS Fab. Camilla IV, 3, '36 (4); Thomasville IV, 4, '36; Cordele IV, 12, '31; Perry IV, 13, '31 ; Thomson IV, 17, '36 (4); Stone Mt. IV, 17, '31 to V, 11. '31 (198); Milledgeville IV, 18, '36 (3); Warrenton IV, 18, '36 (4); Douglasville IV, 25, '27; Folkston V, 8, '32; Cairo VI, 18, '31. A. sp. Swainsboro V, 1, '36. 8576 HEMIRHIPUS FASCICULARIS Fab. Columbus IV, 29, '31. 8593 PYROPHORUS PHYSCIERUS Germ. Albany VI, 18, '31. 8596 MONOCREPIDIUS LIVIDUS DeG. Atlanta VI, 5 to VIII, 20 ('30) ; Hazelhurst VI, 6, '36; Head River VI, 26 to VIII, 16 (9); Rome VI, 29, '31; St. Simons Island VII, 22, '29; Albany VII, 30, '31 ; Cuthbert VII, 31, '31 ; Blairsville VIII, 31, '29. 8597 M. AVERSUS Lee. Rome V. 26, '31. 8600 M. LEPIDUS Lee. Cairo VI, 18, '31. 8601 M. VESPERTINUS Fab. Cairo VI, IS. '31 ; Macon VI, 21, '29; Atlanta VII, 7 to VIII, 2 (6). 8602 M. scissus Schfr. Cornelia V. ](>. '28. 8607 M. AURITUS Hbst. Atlanta VI, 8, '36; VI, 11, '36; VI, 13, '36 (2) ; West Point VI, 19, '32. 8609 M. BELLUS Say. Cornelia V, 16, 28. 8611 M. BLANDULUS Lee. Athens VI, 13, '32. CONODERUS DIFFORMIS Fall. Hazelhurst VI, 17, '36; VI, 22, '36. C. FUSCOSUS Blatch. Hazelhurst VI. 6, '36; VI, 17, '36 (2). 8613 AEOLUS AMABILIS Lee. Macon IV, 30, '28. 8617 PITYOBIUS ANGUINUS Lee. Rnuiswick VI, 5, '29. 8619 LIMONIUS AURIPILIS Say. Atlanta V, 21, '36; V, 22, '36; VII, 4, '29; Rome V, 26, '31. 8625 L PROPEXUS Cancl. Stone Mt. IV, 24 to V, 29 (4) ; Atlanta V, 2, '34; V, 13, '34; Lithonia V, 5, '36; Toccoa V, 14, '30. 8629 L. PLEBEJUS Say. Kennesaw Mt. V, 14, '36; Yonah Mt. V, 30, '34. 8633 L. QUERCINUS Say. Stone Mt. V, 29, '36; Clarkesvilk- V, 31, '36 (5) ; Atlanta VI, 1, 36 (2) ; VI, 13, '3d (2) ; Yonah 6 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '37 Mt. VI, 10, '36 (2) ; VI, 20, '35; Tray Mt. VI, 11, '36; Unicoi Gap VI, 28, '35. 8635 L. BASILARIS Say. Kennesaw Mt. V, 14, '36; Cornelia V, 16, '28; Clarkesville V, 31, '36; Tray Mt. VI, 11, '36; VI, 19, '36; Yonah Mt. VI, 23, '35 (2). 8653 L. DEFINITIS Zieg. Kennesaw Mt. V, 7, '36 (3). 8654 PHELETES NIMBATUS Say. Savannah IV, 11, '31. 8662 ATHOUS BRIGHTWELLI Kby. Yonah Mt. VI, 10, '36 (2) ; Atlanta VI, 12, '29; Athens VII, 2, '31. 8667 A. CUCULLATUS Say. Dalton V, 25, '31 ; Atlanta VI, 21, '29. 8669 A. EOUESTRIS Lee. Perry IV, 13, '31. 8679 A. LENGI Dury. Hartwell VI, 13, '32. 8715 LUDIUS PYRRHOS Hbst. Atlanta V, 13, '29; VI, 12, '29; VI, 19, '30; Fort Valley VI, 1, 31; Yonah Mt. VI, 10, '36; Blairsville VI, 26, '31 ; Head River VII, 10, '36. 8717 L. BIVITTATUS Melsh. Cornelia VI, 16, '29. 8728 L. SIGNATICOLLIS Melsh. Kennesaw Mt. IV, 26, '36; Atlanta V, 19, '32 (2) ; Dahlonega VI, 22, '32. 8748 L. SULCICOLLIS Say. Tate VI, 27. '32. 8757 L. TRIVTTTATUS Lee. Tray Mt. VI, 11, '36; VI, 19, '36; Griffin VI, 12, '27; Neel Gap VI, 14, '31. 8761 L. AETHIOPS Hbst. Hiawassee V, 28, '34; Yonah Mt. VI, 22, '35. 8780 L. INFLATUS Say. Yonah Mt. VI, 10, '36. 8781 L. CRASSUS Lee/ Douglasville VII, 15, '27. 8797 L. DIVARICATUS Lee. Stone Mt. VI, 18, '30; Toccoa MI, 3, '31; Canton VII. 17, '31. L. sp. Atlanta V, 29, '29. 8813 HEMICREPIDIUS DECOLORATUS Say. Barnesville VI, 12, '27. 881-1 H. MEMNONIUS Hbst. Atlanta VI, 11 to VII, 18 (7). 8817 H. BILOBATUS Say. Atlanta VI, 30 to IX, 11 (7). 8853 MELANACTES PICEUS DeG. Yonah Mt. VI, 10, '36. 8855 M. MORIO Fab. Atlanta VI, 21, 28; VII, 5, '31. 8858 M. REICHEI Germ. LaGrange VI, 10, '32. 8861 PARALLELOSTETHUS ATTENUATUS Say. Yonah Mt. VII, 28, '34. 8869 ORIGMUS CAROLINENSIS Schfr. Stone Alt. VII, 19, '29. 8873 ORTHOSTETHUS INFUSCATUS Germ. Atlanta VI, 6, '27; VII, 5, '31 ; VIII, 8, '28; VIII, 16, '34; Cairo, VI, 18, '31 ; Blue Ridge VI, 26, '31 ; Rome VI, 29, '31. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 7 8878 DOLOPIUS LATERALIS Esch. Blue Ridge VI, 26, '31. D. sp. Blairsville VI, 25, '31. 8883 SERICUS SILACEUS Say. Augusta VI, 9, '32; Yonah Mt. VI, 10, '36 (3) ; Tray Mt. VI, 11, '36. 8897 AGRIOTES OBLONGICOLLIS Melsh. Clayton V, 28, '34; Tray Mt. VI, 19, '36. 8906 GLYPHONYX RECTICOLLIS Say. Hamilton VI, 17, '31 ; Newman VI, 17, '31 (2) ; Blue Ridge VI, 26, '31; Ellijay VI, 27, '31 (2) ; Jefferson VII, 2, '31 (3). 8907 G. TESTACEUS Melsh. Cleveland VII, 10, '31. 8909 G. QUIETUS Say. Toccoa VIII, 16, '29. G. sp. Atlanta V, 19, '36. G. sp. Newnan VI, 19, '31. 8934 ELATER NIGRICOLLIS Hbst. Cleveland VII, 10, '31. 8935 E. LINTEUS Say. Tate VI, 27, '32. 8936 E. SELLATUS Dej. Kennesaw Mt. IV, 14, '36; Jasper VII, 17, '31. 8940 E. VERTICINUS Beauv. Canton VII, 17, '31. 8948 E. COLLARIS Say. Athens VI, 13, '32. 8955 E. OBLIQUUS Say. Jasper VII, 17, '31. 8956 E. PUSIO Germ. Tate VII, 17, '31. 8960 E. PEDALIS Germ. Rockmart VI, 25, '32. E. sp. Yonah Mt. VI, 10, '36; Tray Mt. VI, 19, '36. 8978 BLAUTA CRIBRARIA Germ. Rome VI, 20, '32. 8980 MEGAPENTHES LIMBALIS Hbst. Stone Mts. VI, 8 to VII, 6 (10) ; Toccoa VI, 16, 29; Atlanta VI, 16 to VII, 4 (8) ; Cartersville VII, 4, '34. 8983 M. RUFILABRIS Germ. Atlanta VI, 30, '27. 8994 DICREPIDEUS RAMICORNIS Beauv. Rome VI, 29, '31. 8996 ISCHIODONTUS SCLEATUS Say. Atlanta VII, 7, '30; VII, 17, '35. I. sp. Atlanta VII, 4, '31. 9009 ANCHASTUS FUSCUS Lee. Atlanta VIII, 5, '34; VIII, 11, '34. 9010 A. BICARINATUS Lee. Albany VI. 1, '32. 9015 MELANOTUS SCREBICOLLIS Lee. Atlanta VI, 23, '27; Stone Mt. X, 27, '29. 9019 M. DECUMANUS Er. Camilla IV, 3, '36; Warrenton IV, 18, '36 (4) ; Atlanta V, 4 to X, 7 (11) ; Stone Mt. V, 11, '31; V, 12, '31; VI, 16, '32; Yonah Mt. V, 30, '34. 9021 M. DESPECTUS Cand. Dalton VI, 7. '31. 9031 M. LEONARDI Lee. Cleveland VII, 10, '31. 9035 M. COMMUNIS Gyll. Stone Mt. Ill, 22, '36; Gaines- ville V, 17, '36; Atlanta VI, 1, '35; Snellville VI, 12, '31 ; Mon- 8 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '37 roe VI, 12, '31 ; Blairsville VI, 15, '29; Yonah Mt. VI, 15, '36. 9036 M. FISSILIS Say. Okefenokee Swamp V, 6, '33; Stone Mt. V, 9, '31 ; Atlanta VI, 4 tc IX, 11 (7) ; Washing- ton VI, 9, '32; Head River VI, 12, '36: VI, 26, '30. 9040 M. PARUMPUNCTATUS Melsh. Yonah Alt. V, 30, '34. 9043 M. E MISSUS Lee. Rome VI, 20, '32. 9044 M. INFAUSTUS Lee. Quitman VI, 17, '31. 9048 M. PERTINAX Say. Jasper VII, 17, '31. 9051 M. AMERICANUS Hbst. Blue Ridge V, 14, '31 ; Yonah Mt. VI, 10, '36 (2); Tray Mt. VI, 11, '36 (2); VI, 19, '36 (2). 9053 M. INSIPIENS Say. Sandersville V, 31, '31. 9058 M. MOROSUS Cand. Canton VII, 17, '31. M. sp. Blairsville VI, 25, '31 ; Rome VI, 30, '31. M. sp. Atlanta VII, 2, '31. M. sp. Atlanta VI, 30, '30. M. sp. Stone Alt. V, 10, '31; Atlanta VI, 20, '30; VII, 28, '29. 9071 CARDIOPIIORUS CARDISCE Say. Sandersville V, 31, '31. 9082 C. CONVEXUS Say. Folkston V, IS, '32; Stone Alt. V, 26, '27. 9083 C. ELORIDAE Cand. Savannah IV, 11, '31. 9087 C. GAGATES Er. Brunswick IV, 12. '31; Yonah Alt. VI, 10, '36 (2); Tray Ait. VI, 19, 36 (2). 9114 HORISTONOTUS CURIATUS Say. Cornelia VI, 28, '31. 9117 H. UHLERI Horn. Rome VI,' 30, '31. MELASIDAE. 9135 DELTOMETOPUS AMOENICORNIS Say. Joneshoro VI, 26, '32. 9141 DROMAEOLUS STRIATUS Lee. Tate VI, 27, '32. 9157 MICRORHAGIA TRiANGULARis Say. Jonesboro VI, 26, '32. 9166 NEMATODES ATROPOS Say. Joneshoro VI, 26, '32. 9179 ANELASTES DRURYI Khy. Toccoa VI, 16, '29; Atlanta VIII, 20, '34. THROSCIDAE. 9182 DRAPETES GEMINATUS Say. Joneshoro VI, 26, '32. 9191 AULONOTTIKOSCTS PUNCTATUS BoilV. CallloUll VI, 28, '32. 9202 TH ROSC rs HORNI Bl. Augusta VI, 9, '32. BUPRESTIDAE. 9208 POLYCESTA ANGULOSA Duv. Amcricus VI, 20. '31. 9247 ACMAEODERA ORNATA Fab. Atlanta IV, 23, '27; Blairsville V, 14, '31. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 9 9272 A. PULCHELLA Hbst. Folkston V, 8, '33. 9286 A. TUBULUS Fab. Brunswick IV, 12, '31 ; Atlanta IV, 20, '27; Toccoa V, 14, '30; Stone Mt. VI, 9, '28 (2). 9291 PTOSIMA GIBBICOLLIS Say. Columbus V, 27, '31. 9316 CHALCOPHORA VIRGINIENSIS Drury. Stone Mt. IV. 2 to IX, 20 (13) ; Atlanta IV, 6 to VIII, 7 (6) ; Savannah IV, 11, '31 ; Kennesaw Mt. IV, 14. '36 (2) ; Eatonton IV. 22, '36; IV, 28, '36; V, 5, '36; V, 15. '36; Conyers V, 5. '36; Waycross V, 8, '33; Toccoa V, 14. '30; Dahlonega VI, 22, '32 (12); Cartersville. VII, 4, '34. 9319 C. GEORGIANA Lee. Stone Mt. V, 7. '32; Sparta V, 21, '36 (2). 9332 TRACHYKELE LECONTEI Gory. Dahlonega VI, 22, '32. 9333 DICERCA DIVARICATA Say. Hiawassee V, 28, '34. 9337 D. PUNCTULATA Schon. ' Stone Mt. IV, 28, '27. 9341 D. OBSCURA Fab. Stone Mt. IV, 24, '32; Madison VI, 8, '32; Cairo VI, 18, '31 ; Macon VII. 30, '31. 9342 D. LURIDA Fab. Atlanta VII, 12, '30; Stone Mt. VIII, 2, '29. 9343 D. LEPIDA Lee. Stone Mt. V, 7, '32. 9344 D. SPRETA Gory. Hiawassee V, 28. '34. 9365 BUPRESTIS STRIATA Fab. Okefenokee Swamp V, 7, '33; Folkston V, 7, '33; Ellijay VI, 27, '31. 9364 B. AFRICANS Hbst. Stone Mt. IV, 17. '32 (2) ; IV. 21. 32; IV, 24, 32. 9365 B. DECORA Fab. Gainesville IV, 13, '27; Atlanta V, 6, '30. 9366 B. SALISBURYENSIS Hbst. Atlanta VII. 12, '30. 9367 B. LTNEATA Fab. Atlanta VII, 16. '27. 9374 B. RUFIPES Oliv. Americus VI. 20, 31. 9377 B. FASCIATA Fab. Tray Mt. VII, 12, '35. 9386 MELANOPHILA OBTUSA Horn. Atlanta VII. 12. '30. 9389 M. NOT^TA Cast. Atlanta VI, 1. '32. 9396 ANTHAXIA QUERCATA Fab. Stone Alt. V, 25, '28 (3) ; Toccoa VI, 16, '29. 9399 AGRILAXIA FLAVIMANA Gory. Clayton V, 28, '34. 9400 CHRYSOBOTHRIS CHRYSOELA 111. Jesup V, 5. '30. 9401 C. SEXFASCIATA Schffr. Cairo VI, 19, '31. 9407 C. SCITULA Gory. Atlanta VI, 1, '27. 9448 C. PUSILLA Cast. Blairsville V, 14. '31. 9461 C. UENTIPES Germ. Savannah IV, 11. '31 ; Stone Mt. IV, 21, '32 to VI, 19, '32 (123; ; Okefenokee Swamp V, /, '33 (48; ; Americus VI, 20, '31. 10 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '37 9464 C. FLORICOLA Gory. Okefenokee Swamp V, 6, '33 (5) ; Toccoa V, 14, '30. 9466 C. FEMORATA Oliv. Stone Mt. IV, 21, '32; VII, 20, '27; Cornelia V, 16, '28. 9479 C. HARRISI Hentz. Cornelia V, 16, '28. 9481 ACTENODES ACORNIS Say. Cornelia V, 16, '28. 9482 A. BELLULA Mann. Toccoa V, 14, '30. 9483 A. CALCARATA Chev. Waycross V, 15, '32. 9488 AGRILUS CONCINNUS Horn. Milledgeville V, 28, '31. 9498 A. ACUTIPENNIS Mann. Athens VI, 13, '32. 9502 A. FUSCIPENNIS Gory. Columbus V, 27, '31. 9513 A. RUFICOLLIS Fab. Dahlonega VI, 22, '32. 9520 A. EGENUS Gory. Hiawassee V, 28, '34. 9523 A. ARCUATUS Say. Hiawassee V, 28, '34. 9529 A. IMBELLIS Cr. Blue Ridge V, 14, '31. 9531 A. FALLAX Say. Cairo VI, 18, '31. 9539 A. OTIOSUS Say. Toccoa VI, 19, '29. 9565 PACHYSCHELUS SCHWARZI Kerr. Folkston V, 8, '33. 9567 P. OVATUS Say. Jasper VII, 17, '31. 9568 BRACHYS TESSELLATUS Fab. Cairo VI, 18, '31. 9572 B. AEROSUS Melsh. Baxley V. 6, '30. 9574 B. OVATUS Web. Jesup V, 6, '30. 9576 B. CUPRASCENS Blatch. Cairo VI, 18, '31. 9578 TAPHOCERUS GRACILIS Say. Hartwell VI, 13, '32. 9580 T. LAEVICOLLIS Lee. Toccoa VI, 16, '29. A New Agaporus (Dytiscidae-Coleoptera). By H. C. FALL, Tyngsboro, Massachusetts. In the early summer of 1934 I received from Mr. C. A. Frost an example of an Agaporus purporting to be conoidcus. Fortunately the specimen was a male, and though in superficial appearance it strongly resembled conoidcus, on closer inspec- tion it was found not to possess the secondary sexual charac- ters of the latter species ; in fact except for the more pointed form and darker thorax, in which respects it agreed closely with conoidcus, the general characters were more nearly those of diffonnis. The following comparative description will en- able the student to discriminate between the three species. Agaporus latens, n. sp. Size : intermediate between conoidcus and diffonnis, being slightly larger than the former and a little smaller than the xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 11 latter. Dimensions of the type length 5.3 mm. ; width 2.4 mm. Form and color nearly as in conoideus, the body in these two being more pointed behind, and the brownish piceous or black- ish thorax contrasting more sharply with the paler head and elytral base than in diffonnis, in which, while the type of color- ation is the same, the thorax is of a reddish brown tint little or not at all darker than the adjacent head and elytral base. Punctuation of upper surface nearly as in diffonnis, the elytra more closely punctate than in conoideus and nearly or quite lacking the intermixed fine punctules of the latter species. Sides of body beneath finely sparsely punctate, with oblique fine scratches both on the ventral segments and coxal plates, much as in diffonnis; in conoideus the oblique scratches are lacking on the coxal plates, which are more numerously and distinctly punctate than in the other two species. Prosternal process somewhat less dilated posteriorly than in diffonnis and with the reflexed edges and median line less elevated. In con- oideus the prosternal process is more broadly convex medially and the lateral edges scarcely elevated. Femora of male not fimbriate posteriorly. In diffonnis the hind femora, and in conoideus both middle and hind femora of male are fimbriate. Anterior protarsal claw of male gradually dilated beneath for two-thirds its length but not appreciably contorted. In diffonnis the anterior claw is dilated and some- what contorted; in coiwidcus the anterior claw is not dilated but is acutely toothed beneath. Length 5.2'to 5.6 mm. ; width 2.3 to 2.6 mm. Described from six examples from the following localities: IS, vicinity of Dover, NEW HAMPSHIRE, IX, 28, '32; ; Sherborn, MASSACHUSETTS, VI, 18, '34 (Frost); 2 $ s, 1$ Peekskill, NEW YORK, VI, 26, '90 (J. I). Sherman). The type is one of the Sherborn males, now in the writer's collection, and is one of a small series taken by Mr. Frost in a small temporary pool in the woods. An attempt to secure fur- ther specimens a week or two later, Mr. Frost writes, was un- successful, the water having become much warmer and parti- ally dried up from evaporation. The Peekskill specimens were obtained from friend Sherman very many years ago in one ot my first exchanges. They with others were all supposed to be diffonnis and he seemed to be the only source ot supply of 12 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '37 this rare species. It now turns out that of my series of eight IVekskill speciments of diffonnis, five are really that species and three are lalcns. The same date of capture (VI. 26, '90) oc- curs in hoth series. It is interesting to remark that Mr. Sher- man also took his specimens from woodland pools. New Colorado Asilidae (Diptera). By MAURICE T. JAMES, Colorado State College, Fort Collins, Colorado. Heteropogon maculinervis, nc\v species. Related to ciirrani Pritchard, lo which it readily traces in Pritchard's key; hut its general form is more robust, the cross- veins are more heavily infumated, and the scutellum lacks mar- ginal bristles; in the male, the upper part of the mystax and the pile around the base of the antennae are white, in contrast to the heavier black bristles of the mystax, and the brush of the middle tibia is black, dense, and with a corresponding tuft of black hairs opposite it on the femur. 2 . Head and appendages black, whitish-pilose, the heavier bristles of the mystax black, those of the vertex, occiput, and antennae variably whitish to black; the integument obscured by a yellowish bloom. Thorax black, \vhitish-pilose and yellowish to brownish pruinose; in well-preserved specimens the brown pruinosity forms two narrowly-divided dorsal stripes which expand before and behind the suture to cover most of the dorsum ; bristles mostly black; coxae, trochanters and femora black, tibiae and tarsi reddish, the latter darkened apically ; bristles of tibiae mostly whitish, some on the anterior tibiae above black; those of the tarsi mostly black. Abdomen black, with bluish reflections above, clothed with sparse microscopic whitish pile above and conspicuous whitish tufts laterally; segments one to four with small posterior tri- angles of whitish pollen ; the remaining segments may have the integument reddish laterally; venter variably yellowish to black. Wings smoky hyaline, more so apically; the cross-veins heavily clouded with brown. Length, 11-12 mm. $. Differs only sexually and as above indicated; the geni- talia are strong and for the most part, red. xlviii, '371 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 13 Holotypc: 9 , Masonville, COLORADO. September 4, 1934 (M. T. James). Allolypc: $, Same data. Paratypcs: 3$, same data; 1 <5 , 59, Huerfano County, Colorado, 6000 feet, August 14, 1928 (R. H. Painter); 2$, Rozeman, MONTANA, August 13, 1931 (R. H. Beamer, L. 1). Anderson) ; 1 $ , Pay- son Canyon, UTAH (Ruth Holbrook) ; 1 9 , Thurley Ranch, La Sal, Mountains, Utah, 6500 feet (Vasco M. Tanner); 19, Eagle, Colorado, August 24, 1935 (C. J. Sorenson) on Chry- sotliauinns. LEPTOGASTER Meig. Four species of Leptoyustcr Meig, all taken from localities west of the Mississippi and east of the Rockies, agree in having the antenna predominantly (that is, entirely, or with the exception of the second segment), black; these differ from the eastern species known to me, all of which have at least the two basal antennal segments reddish, yellow- ish, or pale fuscous. The following key will separate these species. 1. .Antennae wholly black 2 Second antennal segment red 3 2. Middle and hind tibiae and femora conspicuously marked with black ; pruinosity of thoracic dorsum and pleura almost concolorous arcnicolus n. sp. ( )nly the posterior tibiae and femora marked with black ; dorsum brown-pruinose, pleura white-pruinose, murinus Lw. 3. Legs yellow or reddish color adensis n. sp. All femora and tibiae conspicuously marked with black, eudicraints Lw. I ,. EUDICRANUS Lw. Described from Alamogordo, New Mexico. T have COLORADO specimens from Boulder, July 22, 1933 (James), Ft. Collins, July 10, 1935, (James) and Hamil- ton, July 3, 1928, (S. C. McCampbell). Leptogaster arenicolus, new species. 9 . Head, including proboscis and antennae, wholly black, the mystax, bristles, pile and pruinosity white. Thorax black; the pleura, humeri, and supra-alar regions considerably reddish; pruinosity of the pleura white, that <>t the dorsum pale yellow, almost white; all bristles and hairs white. 14 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '37 Abdomen black, white-pilose; the pruinosity grav and moder- ately sparse dorsally, brownish and denser laterally, and densely white ventrally ; no pale interruptions in the ground color. All coxae reddish, somewhat paler basally ; tarsi, except tor the yellow basitarsi, black; anterior femora and tibia pale yel- low, narrowly reddish or pale brownish above; the middle libire brown above, except basally, their femora brown below, black above, except basally and apically; the posterior femora strongly clavate, the tibiae less so, both segments brownish to black, darker above, except for the constricted basal portions of both segments and the extreme apices of the femora, which are pale yellow. Wings hyaline, vein M L > not angularly bent. Length, 10 mm. Holotypc: 9 , North of Eacls, COLORADO, July 29, 1933 (H. G. Rodeck and M. T. James). University of Colorado Col- lection. Paratypc: 9 , same data. Colorado State College Collection. Taken resting on the bare sand in a wind-blown area one mile north of Eads. Leptogaster coloradensis, new species. 9 . Head black in ground color; the face and especially the oral margin white-pollinose. Mystax white, rather sparse. First and third antennal segments, including style, black, the second red. Thorax black; brownish-pollinose dorsallv, white pollinose laterally; bristles black. Abdomen uniformly black, white- pol- linose, and with sparse white pile. Legs yellow; the tarsi darkened, the apices of the tarsomeres black, the fifth segments of all tarsi, and all the segments of the posterior tarsi, almost wholly black; posterior tibiae darkened toward the apex, black at extreme apex ; bristles and pile of legs concolorous with background. Halteres yellow, knobs black. \Yings hyaline ; vein AlA variable, angularly bent or not so. Length, 10 mm. $ . Hind femora more strongly clavate than in the female, and with the constricted basal portion lemon-yellow. ( Mher- wise as in the female. Jlolotypc: 9 , 6 miles north of Boulder, COLORADO. June 22, 1933 (M. T. and Helen B. James). Allot y^c: , same data. I'aratypcs: 9, same data, 2 Boulder, Colorado. June 5, 1 ( '3J (M. T. James), 9, Hamilton, Colorado, July 3, 1)JS (S. C McCampbell). xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS The Boulder specimens were taken in areas of close grass- land adjacent to the foothills. The types of the species here descrihed as new are in the author's collection, unless stated otherwise. Notes on Coleoptera with Descriptions of New Species (Buprestidae and Cerambycidae). By JOSEF N. KNULL, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. I '. I PRESTIDAE. POLYCESTA ELATA Lee. Dead and dying oaks in Gillespie County, Texas, are heavily infested by this species. The larvae are heart-wood feeders and the adults leave large holes in the trunks where they emerge. "Cat faces" on living trees fre- quently contain these exit holes. Acmaedera sab-nae, n. sp. Form and markings similar to those of A. conoidca Fall, only smaller ; head, pronotum and ventral surface bronzy, shin- ing, elytra piceous, with two irregular yellow stripes on each elytron, one near suture and the other along costa, stripes jointed back of humerus and interrupted at middle. $ Head convex ; surface reticulate, moderately pubescent ; antennae reaching slightly beyond hind angles of pronotum when laid along lateral margins, serrate from the fifth joint. Pronotum wider than long, widest in the middle ; sides broadly rounded ; surface densely punctate, punctures separated by their own diameter in middle, closer and more numerous laterally, moderately pubescent, pubescence along sides consist- ing of plumose hairs. Scutellum not evident. Elytra at the widest part wider than base of pronotum; sides sinuate back of base, nearly parallel on basal two-thirds, ser- rate on apical third; disk convex; surface with rows of closely- set punctures which are larger at base, interspaces with single rows of fine punctures ; a short recumbent hair arises from each fine puncture. Abdomen beneath closely, finely punctate; last ventral seg- ment broadly rounded, with a slight indication of a subapical carina. Front margin of prosternum straight, not retracted at sides. Entire ventral surface clothed with white, plumose hairs which are replaced by recumbent hairs in central portion of first four abdominal segments. Length 4 mm. ; width 1 mm. 16 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '37 Described from three specimens collected by the writer on the blossoms of mesquite (Prosopis jnli flora D. C.) in Sabina Canyon, near Tucson, ARIZONA, June 11, 1935. Holotype and paratypes in writer's collection. According to Fall's 1 key this species would run to A. con- oidca Fall ; however, the vestiture of the ventral surface to- gether with the non-retracted anterior margin of the proster- num will separate the two species. Prof. Fall has kindly com- pared a specimen with those of A. conoidca Fall. Psiloptera riogranclei, n. sp. Form oblong, moderately convex blackish-bronze on both surfaces, most of the punctures on head, pronotum and elytra cupreous. 5- Head convex, slight median depression; surface conflu- ently punctate, irregular callosities in middle, moderately pubes- cent; antennae reaching to middle of pronotum when laid along side margins, serrate starting with the third joint, second joint longer than wide, third joint at least twice the length of sec- ond, fourth joint shorter than third, joints four to eleven in- clusive gradually diminishing in length, last joint without a terminal process in either sex. Pronotum wider than long, widest at base ; sides broadly arcuate from base to apex ; disk convex, a slight indication of median depression on anterior half and one in front of scutellum, also one each side at base ; surface coarsely punc- tured, punctures becoming smaller and more numerous toward sides, irregular raised smooth areas in central portion, pubes- cense sparse, confined to sides. Scutellum round, smooth. Elytra wider than pronotum at base ; sides nearly parallel on basal two-thirds, broadly rounded on apical third, apices emar- ginate ; disk convex ; surface irregularly punctate, irregular smooth areas forming indistinct costae. Body beneath coarsely confluently punctate, prosternum deeply striate on each side ; first abdominal segment longitudi- nally excavated at middle. Last abdominal segment truncate. Length 16 mm. ; width 5 mm. 9 Differs from the male by being slightly larger, more convex beneath, pubescence of ventral surface not as long. Described from a small series of both sexes collected along the Pecos River and Devil's River, TEXAS, on May 23, 1935, by the writer. Male holotype, allotype and paratypes in au- thor's collection. 1 H. C. Fall, Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc., v. 7, pp. 1-37, 1899. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 17 This species somewhat resembles P. cuprcopunctata Schffr. Mr. W. S. Fisher kindly compared a specimen with the cotypes in the National Museum collection. He states that P. cnprco- piinctata SchrTr. differs by being more convex above, in having the pronotum widest near the middle, the elytra longitudinally costate, punctures much coarser and less arranged in longi- tudinal rows, especially toward the sutural margins, the pro- sternal process between the anterior coxae narrower and more deeply grooved on each side. (To be continued.) Balloon Drift and Insect Drift. Beetles closely related to the introduced European elm bark beetle, the principal carrier of the Dutch elm disease, have been taken in airplane traps at a height of half a mile and this, in connection with the well known autumn drift of hundreds of miles of the cotton moth as well as some other insects, estab- lishes a probability that elm bark beetles may be carried long distances and possibly infect elms remote from areas where the Dutch elm disease occurs. It is not feasible to follow small in- sects in upper air currents. It is possible to gain an idea of what may occur by liberating small balloons bearing numbered tags. The Bartlett Tree Research Laboratories are releasing, over a period of two months, 5,000 balloons for the purpose of getting additional data on wind drift from localities within the area where Dutch elm disease occurs. This balloon program is an extension of work with the Xew York State Conservation Commission from 1923-25 inclusive. During that period nearly 20,000 balloons were released and 1260 tags returned, a recovery of approximately 6%. The balloons were released from a total of 21 stations ranging from Canaan, Conn., and Millbrook, New York, along the Connecti- cut and Hudson valleys, approximately to the international boundary. Although all these balloons were liberated from points in eastern New York or western New England, onh 11% were returned from points in New York state and 84 / from the Xew England states. There were received in addi- tion 20 tags from Nova Scotia, jive from New Brunswick one from' Newfoundland, this last was found approximately 775 miles from the point of release. The finders of balloons are requested to fill in the blank: and mail the tags without undue delay. E. P. FKI.T. Kartlett Tree Research Laboratories, Stamford, Connecticut. 18 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '37 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS PHILADELPHIA, PA., JANUARY. 1937. In the NEWS for February, 1936, pages 43 and 44, we pub- lished a statement of our receipts and expenditures for 1935, showing a deficit of $219.15. \Ye also made an appeal for additional subscribers to help overcome this loss and to keep the journal going. Some additional subscriptions have been the result of the efforts of kind supporters of recent years and other friends have generously given direct financial help. To all of these we give our hearty thanks. Our standing at the end of 1936 is approximately as follows: Financial Statement of Entomological News, Dec. 31, 1936 Receipts Estimated Subscriptions (378 October report) $1088.00 Advertisements 126.09 Sales 36.43 Donations 67.50 Total $1318.02 Expenditures to Nioreuiher 30th Printing Numbers 1-9 .' $1054.20 Corrections 52.00 Postage 38.08 Supplies (Envelopes, $25.80; Misc. Exp., $25.86)... 51.66 $1195.94 December Number 10, including index, estimated. . . . 175.00 Total $1370.94 We have taken the number of subscriptions as of October, 1936, as most nearly representing our condition for the year, for some subscriptions do not begin with the volume in Jan- uary, but run for twelve months from other starting dates. So estimated, the total number is twenty-five more than in 1935; we had hoped for an increase of seventy-three to wipe out the 1935 deficit. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 19 We have omitted the costs of, and the contributions toward, illustrations and extra pages, as these nearly balance. As stated above the deficit for 1935 was $219.15, that for 1936 $52.92, a total for the two years of $272.07. The deficit for 1936 shows an encouraging decrease, largely due to donations of $67.50. We can hardly count, however, on such generosity in making up an annual budget. We are, therefore, putting into effect, with the present January num- ber, some economies which, we hope, will not seriously de- tract from the appearance of the NEWS and will surely not lessen its usefulness. The familiar pink covers, of forty-seven years, give way to white paper of the same weight and quality as the reading pages within. A change to a cheaper method of binding also is there- by rendered possible. An illustration on the front cover dis- appears. We shall continue to furnish twenty-five free copies of their articles to authors, but these will be "run of form," that is, without removal of the conclusion of the preceding article or of the beginning of the succeeding article in cases where conclusion and beginning fall on the first and last pages of the article in question. These free separates will be un- bound, uncut and without covers. Of course those who wish separates with the extraneous matter removed, bound and trimmed and with printed covers can obtain them by ordering them when returning proof, at the prices indicated at the bottom of the second page of the cover. As an offset to these reductions our printing contract for 1937 calls for 30 pages of reading matter as against 28 in 1936. This will increase, even though slightly, promptness of publi- cation. These decreases in estimated costs will not permit many im- provements in the ability of the NEWS to meet the demands of its clientele, and we renew our appeal of last year for additional subscribers. New List of Titles of Publications Referred to by Numbers in Entomological Literature in Entomological News. 1. Transactions of The American Entomological Society. Philadelphia. 2.. Entomologische Blatter, red. v. H. Eckstein etc. Berlin. 3. Annales Sci. Naturelles, Zoologie, Paris. 4. Canadian Entomologist. London, Canada. 5. Pysche, A Journal of Entomology. Boston, Mass. 6. Journal of the New York Entomological Society. New York. 7. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. Columbus, Ohio. 8. Entomologists' Monthly Magazine. London. 9. The Entomologist. London. 10. Proceedings of the Ent. Soc. of Washington. Washington, D. C. 11. Deutsche entomolcgische Zeitschritt. Berlin. 12. Journal of Economic Entomology, Geneva, N. Y. 13. Journal of Entomology and Zoology. Claremont, Cal. 14. Archives do Institute Biologico, Sao Paulo. 15. Annales Academia Brasileira do Sciencias. Rio de Janeiro. 17. Entomologische Rundschau. Stuugar., Germany. 18. Internationale entomologische Zeitschrift. Guben, Germany. 19. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society. Brooklyn, N. Y. 20. Societas entomologica. Stuttgart, Germany. 21. The Entomologists' Record and Journal of Variation. London. 22. Bulletin of Entomological Research. London. 23. Bollettino del Lab. di Zool. gen. e agraria della Portici. Italy. 24. Annales de la societe entomologique de France. Paris. 25. Bulletin de la societe entomologique de France. Paris. 26. Entomologischer Anzeiger, hersg. Adolf Hoffmann. Wien, Austria. 27. Bolletino della Societa Entomologica Ita'Jana. Genova. 28. Ent. Tidskrift utgifen af Ent. Foreningen i Stockholm. Sweden. 29. Annual Report of the Ent. Society of Ontario. Toronto, Canada. 30. Archives do Institute de Biologia Vegetal. R. d. Janeiro. 31. Nature. London. 32. Boletim do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janiero. Brazil. 33. Bull, et Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique. Bruxelles. 34. Zoologischer Anzeiger, hrsg. v. E. Korschelt. Leipzig. 35. The Annals of Applied Biology. Cambridge, England. 36. Trans. Royal Entomological Society, London. England. 37. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society. Honolulu. 38. Bull, of the Southern California Academy of Sciences. Los Angeles. 39. The Florida Entomologist. Gainesville, Fla. 40. American Museum Novitates. New York. 41. Mitteilungen der schweiz. ent. Gesellschaft. Schaffhausen, Switzerland. 42. The Journal of Experimental Zoology. Philadelphia. 43. Ohio Journal of Sciences. Columbus, Ohio. 44. Revista chilena de historia natural. Valparaiso, Chile. 45. Zeitschrift fiir wissenschaftliche Insektenbiologie. Berlin. 46. Zeitschrift fiir Morphologic und Okologie der Tiere. Berlin. 47. Journal of Agricultural Research. Washington, D. C. 48. Wiener entomologische Zeitung. Wien, Austria. 49. Entomologische Mitteilungen. Berlin. 50. Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum. Washington, D C. 51. Notulae entomologicae, ed. Soc. ent. Helsingfors. Helsingfors, Finland. 52. Archiv fiir Naturgeschichte. hrsc. v. E. Strand. Berlin. 53. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science. London. 54. Annales de Parasitologie Hnmaine et Compared. Paris. 55. Pan-Pacific Entomologist. San Francisco, Cal. 56. "Konowia". Zeit. fiir systematische Insektenkunde. Wien, Austria. 57. La Feuille des Naturalistes. Paris. 58. Entomologische Berichten. Nederlandsche ent. Ver. Amsterdam. 59. Encyclopedic entomologique, ed. P. Lechevalier. Paris. 60. Stettiner entomologische Zeitung. Stettin, Germany. 61. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco. 62. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. New York. 63. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift "Iris". Dresden. b4. Zeitschrift des osterr. entomologen-Vereines. Wien. 65. Zeitschrift fur angewandte Entomologie, hrsg. K. Escherich. Berlin. 66. Report of the Proceedings of the Entomological Meeting. Pusa, India. 67. University of California Publications, Entomology. Berkeley, Cal. brf. Science. New York. 69. Physis. Revista Soc. Argentina Cien. Nat. Buenos Aires. 70. Entomologica Americana, Brooklyn Entomological Society. Brooklyn. 71. Novitates Zoologicae. Tring, England. 72. Revue russe d'Entomologie. Leningrad, USSR. 73. Mem. Institute Butantan. Sao Paulo, Brazil. 74. Sbornik entomolog. narodniho musea v Praze. Prague, Czechoslavokia. 75. Annals and Magazine of Natural History. London. 77. Comptes rendus heb. des seances et memo, de la soc. de biologic. Paris. 78. Bulletin Biologique de la France et de la Belgique. Paris. 79. Koleopterologische Rundschau. Wien. 80. Lepidopterologische Rundschau, hrsg. Adolf Hoffmann. Wien. 82. Bulletin, Division of the Natural History Survey. Urbana, Illinois. 83. Arkiv for zoologie, K. Svenska Vetenskapsakademien i. Stockholm. 84. Ecology. Brooklyn. 85. Genetics. Princeton, New Jersey. 87. Archiv fiir Entwicklungs mechanik der Organ., hrsg. v. Roux. Leipzig. 88. Die Naturwissenschaften, hrsg. A. Berliner. Berlin. 89. Zoologische Jahrbiicher, hrsg. v. Spengel. Jena, Germany. 90. The American Naturalist. Garrison-on-Hudson, New York. 91. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences. Washington, D. C. 92. Biological Bulletin. Wood's Hole, Massachusetts. 93. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. England. 94. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie. Leipzig. 95. Proceedings of the Biological Soc. of Washington, Washington, D. C. 97. Biologisches Zentralblatt. Leipzig. 98. Le Naturaliste Canadien. Cap Rouge, Chicoutimi, Quebec. 99. Melanges exotico-entomologiques, Par Maurice Pic. Moulins, France. 100. Bulletin Intern., Acad. Polonai c e Sci. et Lett. Cracovie. 101. Tijdschrift voor entomologie. Nederland. Ent. Ver., Amsterdam. 102. Entomologiske Meddelelser, Entomologisk Forening, Copenhagen. 103. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, Lawrence, Kansas 104. Revista de la Sociedad entomologica Argentina, Buenos Aires. 105. Revista Entomologia, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 106. Anales Sociedad Cientifica Argentina, Buenos Aires. 107. Proc., Royal Entomological Society, London. 108. Revista, Col. Nac. Vicente Rocafuerte, Guayaquil. 109. Arbeiten uher morpholog. und taxonom. ent. aus Berlin-Dahlcni. 110. Arbeiten ucber physiolog. u. angewandle ent. aus Berlin-Dahlem. 111. Memorias do Institute Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro. 112. Anales del Institute de Biologia Mexico. 113. Entomologische Reihefte aus Berlin Dahlem. 114. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan. 115. Memorias de la Soc. Cubana de Hist. Nat. Havana, Cuba. 116. Parasitology. Ed. Keilin and Hindle. London. 20 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '37 Termite Nests a study of the Phylogeny of Behavior. Under this title is published in Science, for January 8, 1937, an abstract of a paper presented by A. E. Emerson at the re- cent Chicago meeting of the United States National Academy of Sciences. From it we take the following : Wood-eating roaches, similar to the hypothetical ancestor of the termites, ex- cavate galleries in wood but make no constructions. The Kalo- termitidate excavate wood and construct partitions indicating responses to humidity and mechanical or chemical factors. The Mastotermitidae exhibit a quantitative advance in nest construc- tion compared to the Kalotermitidae. The Hodotermitidae show a further advance with subterranean nests, elaborate car- ton construction and food storage. The Rhinotermitidae have separately evolved subterranean adjustment and in some species show building activities in response to social factors as well as physical factors. Excavated subterranean nests of the Termiti- dae exhibit the influence of mechanical and spatial factors. Materials may be dirt, wood or excrement, cemented by saliva or excretions. Structures consist of covered tunnels, roads, rain-shedding projections and ridges, nests of characteristic size and differentiation, ventilation pores in the walls, stored food and fungus gardens. Sterile workers and nymphs of sterile soldiers and workers construct the nests in the Rhino- termitidae and Termitidae. Entomological Literature COMPILED BY V. S. L. PATE, LAURA S. MACKEY and E. T. CRESSON, J. Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining to the En- tomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and Myrlopoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted; but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, whether relating to American or exotic species will be recorded. The figures within brackets [ ] refer to the journal in which the paper appeared, as numbered in the list of Periodicals and Serials published In our January and June issues. This list may be secured from the pub- lisher of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for lOc. The number of, or annual volume, and in some cases the part, heft, &c. the latter within ( ) follows; then the pagination follows the colon : All continued papers, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their first ins'allments. (*) Papers containing new forms or names not so stated In titles, have an within parentheses thus (*) following the pagination of reference to paper. (S) Papers pertaining exclusively to neotropical species, and not BO Indicated in the title, have the symbol (S) at the end of the title of the paper. For records of Economic Literature, seo the Experiment Station Rec- ord, Office of Experiment Slntior-s. Washington. Also TloviVv.- <>f AnnHod Entomology, Series A, London. For records of papers on Medical Ento- mology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B Note. Titles of papers containing new forms or new names will be Indicated by an asterisk within parentheses at end of reference, (*). Papers published tn the Entomological News are not listed. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 21 GENERAL. Ancona, H, Contribuciones, etc. II. In- sectos cle los manan dales g. aguas estancodas tie la region cle Actopan, Hgo. [112] 1936: 265-267. Doane, Van Dyke, Chamberlin & Burke. Forest Insects. A Textbook for the use of students in forest school, colleges, and univer- sities, and for fore^ workers. New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co.. 1936. xii -f- 463 pp., ill. Imms, A. D. The ances try of insects. [Trans. Soc. Brit. Ent.] 3: 1-32, ill. Lemche, H. The prim'.tlve colour pattern on the wings of insects and its relation to the venation. Preliminary notice. [Yed- enskab. Meddel.] 99: 45-64, ill. ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, ETC. Andre, M. Sur le Pediculoides ventricosus (Acarina). [Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat., Paris] 8: 337-341, ill. Baus, A. Die Reduktion tier Flugel und Flugelsinneskuffeln bei Lepidopteren. [46] 32: 1-46, ill. Berretta, L. Genese della membrana peri- trofica nell intestine degli ortotteri. [Bull. 1st. z. Univ. Palermo] 13: 117-132, ill. Boving, A. G. Description of the larva of Plectris aliena (Scarab.) and explanation of new terms applied to the epipharynx and raster. | 10] 38: 169-185, ill. Carleton, M. The anatomy and histology of the alimentary canal of the adult Nebria brevicollis (Coleo: Carabidae). [Trans. Soc. Brit. Ent. | 3: 119-128. ill. Cook, J. H. A contribution towards a study of Calosoma inquisi- tor (Carabidae, Col.). [Trans. Soc. Brit. Ent.] 3: 79-118. ill. Eltringham, H. On the eyes of tsetse flies. [36] 85: 281- 285. ill. Everly, R. T. The alimentary tract of the mar- gined blister beetle, Epicauta cinerea marginata. [43] 36: 204-216, ill. Garbowski, T. Von der Wiederholbarkeit cinmaliger instinktiver Handlungen (Auf Grund von Ver- s-x-hen mit der Verpuppung der Gabelschwanze). [100] B, 2: 319-348. ill. Glasgow, J. P. Internal anatomy of a cad- dis fly, Hvdropsyche colonica. [53] 79: 151-179', ill. Gur- ney, A. B. The external morphology and phylogenetic posif'on of the woodland cave cricket (Ceuthophilus brevi- nes, Orthop.: Tettigoniidae). [6] 44: 281-316. ill. Hallock, H. C Recent developments in the use of electric light traps to catch the Asiatic garden beetle. [6] 44: 261-279. ill. Hinton, H. E. Notes on the biology of Dryops luridus CColeo: Dryopidae). [Trans. Soc. Brit. Ent.j 3: 67-78. ill. Ide, F. P. The significance of the outgrowths on the pro- thorax of Ecdyonurus venosus ( Ephemeroptera). [4] 68 22 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '37 234-238, ill. Jawlowski, H. Uber den Gehirnbau der Kafer. [46] 32: 67-91, ill. Koch, A. Die Symbiose des Splintkafers, Lictus linearis. [46] 32: 92-136, ill. Koch, A. -Experimentelle Untersuchungen an Oryzaephilus surina- mensis (Cucuj.). [46] 32: 137-180, ill. Lemche, H. The primitive colour-pattern on the wings of insects and its relation to the venation. [Vidensk. Mecld. Dansk Natnrhist. Foren., Copenhagen] 99: 45-64, ill. Liche, H. Beitrage 7,ur Ethologie der Dermestiden (Coleo.). [100] B, 2: 141- 162, ill. Mellanby, H. The later embryology of Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera). [53] 79: 1-42, ill". Mikulski, J. S- The effect of constant and alternating temperatures on the survival of some developmental stages of Tribolium con- fusum. On the changes of developmental velocity of some developmental stages of Tribolium confusum (Coleo: Tenebrionidae) when influenced by constant temperature changes. [100] B, 2: 361-372; 373-385. Newell & Baxter.- On the nature of the free cell-border of certain mid-gut epithelia. [53] 79: 123-150, ill. Opoczynska-Sembratowa, Z. Recherches sur 1'anatomie et 1'innervation du coeur de Carausius morosus (Orth : Phasmidae). [100] B, 2: 411-436, ill. Painter, R. H. The food of insects and its relation to resistance of plants to insect attacks. [90] 70: 547-566. Riley, W. A. Caustic potash preparations of insects and insect parts. [Tr. Am. Micro. Soc.] 55: 510- 512. Smith, C. L. The relation between the degree of fineness of pyrethrum powder produced by different periods of grinding to toxicity of insects and to deterioration by light and air. [6] 44: 317-339, ill. Ting, P. C. The mouth parts of the Coleopterous group Rhynchophora. [Micro- ent.] 1: 93-114, ill. Tischler, W. Ein Beitrag zum For- men-sehen der Insekten. [89] Abt. All. Zool.. 57: 157-202, ill. Zacwilichowski, J. Uber die innervation und die Sinnesorgane der Flugel von Aphrophora alni (Homop- tera : Cercopidae). Uber die Afterfruhlingsfliege Isoptervx tripunctata (Plecoptera). [100] B, 2: 85-100; 267-284, ill Wigglesworth, V. B. The function of the corpus allatum in the growth and reproduction of Rhodnius prob'xus (Hemiptera). [53] 79: 91-121, ill. Williams, C. B. The influence of moonlight on the activity of certain nocturnal insects, particularly of the lumilv Xoc- tuidae, as indicated bv a light trap. [Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London | (B), 226: 357-389, ill. Wundrig, G, Die Sehor- gane der Mallophagen, nebst vergleichenden Untersuch- xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 23 ungen an Liposcelideu uncl Anopluren. |89] Abt. Anat., 62: 45-110, ill. ARACHNIDA AND MYRIOPODA. Chickering, A. M. Additions to the list of known sps. of spiders from Barro Colorado Island, Panama. [Trans. Amer. Micr. Soc.j 55 : 449-456. Jacot, A. P. Two unrecorded spp. of Scuta- caridae from the southern Appalachians. |4] 68: 225-229, ill. (*). Locket, G. H. Regeneration in Arachnida. |31| 138: 885-886. Lowrie, D. C. New localities for the black- widow spider. [68] 84: 437. Palmer, E. L. Spiders and their kin. [Cornell Rur. Sch. Leafl.J 30, no. 2, 32 pp., ill. THE SMALLER ORDERS OF INSECTS. da Fon- seca, F. Sobre o macho de Tunga travassosi, e o para- sitismo de Euphractes sexcinctus por Tunga penetrans. (Siphonap.). [105] 6: 421-424, ill. Hood, J. D. Studies in Neotropical Thysanoptera, II. [105] 6: 424-460, ill. (*). Priesner, H. Ueber einige neue und wenig bekannte Thy- sanopteren. [107] (B) 5: 208-214. Tillyard, R. J. Kansas Permian Insects. Pt. 16. The Order Plecoptera : The fain. Doteridae, with a note on the affinities of the order Pro- tohymenoptera. [Amer. Journ. Sci.] 32: 435-453, ill. (*). ORTHOPTERA. Caudell & Allard. An undescribed var. of the wingless grasshopper Podisma glacialia v. am- plicerca n. var. '[10] 38: 147-148, ill. Hayes, C. The com- mon stick insect. [31] 138: 886. Hubbell, T. H. A mono- graphic revision of the genus Ceuthophilus (Gryllacrididae, Rhaplidophorinae). [Univ. Fla. Publ. Biol. Sci.] 2: 551 pp., ill. Jules, F. La mante Paratenodera sinensis dans le Quebec. [98] 63: 240. Slifer & King. An internal struc- ture in the Cyrtacanthacrinae (Acrid.) of possible taxo- nomic value. [6] 44: 345-348. Uvarov, B. P. Locusts as an international problem. | Current Sci.] 5: 191-193. Zeuner, F. E. The recent and fossil Tympanophorinae (Tettigon.). [36] 85: 287-302, ill. HEMIPTERA. Caldwell, J. S. Seven n. spp. of tlu- gen. Aphalara (Cherin.). |43] 36: 220-224, ill. DeLong, D. W. Some n. gen. of leafhoppers related to Thamnotet- tix (Cicadell.). [43] 36: 217-21 ( >. DeLong & Davidson.- Further studies of the gen. Kmpoasca (Cicadel.). IV. Eleven n. spp. of Empoasca from the U. S. |43| 36: 225- 230, ill. Gottfried, I. Note on the song of the periodical 24 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '37 crcucla. [10] 38: 166. Knowlton & Smith. Capitophorus Aphicls infesting- Artemisia. [4] 68: 229-234, ill. (*). Men- des, D. Uma n. sp. do gen. Tachardiella (Coccidae). [105] 6: 374-376, ill. Oman, P. W. Distributional and syn- onymical notes on the beet leafhopper, Eutettix tenellus (Cicadel ). |10| 38: 164-165. Oman, P. W. South Ameri- can leafhoppers of the genus Xerophloea (Cicadell.). [105] 6: 394-401. ill. (*). Sim, R. J. Five lace-hug spp. not previously reported from New Jersey (Tingit.). [6] 44: 280. LEPIDOPTERA. Biedermann, R. Note sur trois Erycinides d'Amerique du Sud. |25] 41: 252-260, ill. (*). Bourquin, F.- Notas hiologicas sobre Cecidipta excoecariae (Pyral.). [105] 6: 384-388,' "ill. Hoffmann, C.C. Contribu- ciones al conocimiento de la fauna de Actopan, Hgo, I. Algunas observaciones sobre la fauna de Lepidopteros en la epoca sica. [112] 1936: 259-263. McDunnough, J. A critical review of the treatment of North American Par- nassius species by Felix Bryk in Das Tierreich. [4] 68: 216-225. Murray, D. T. South African Butterflies. A monograph of the family Lycaenidae. London, John Bale, Sons & Danielsson, 1935. viii + 195 pp., ill. Richards, A. G. A generic synopsis of the Phoberia-Melipotis Dras- teria-Boryza series of Erebinae (Noct.). [105] 6: 338-374, ill. (*). Sim, R. J. Hesperid larva defoliating kudxu vine. [6] 44: 316. Warren, B. C. S. Monograph of the genus Erebia. British Museum, London. 407 pp., ill. DIPTERA. Bonen, P. The larval stages of Scatopse. [Yeder.skab. Meddel.] 99: 33-43, ill. Dozier, H. L. Obser- vations on breeding places and winter activities of mos- quitoes in the vicinity of New Orleans, La. [10] 38: 148- 155, ill. da Fonseca, F. Flebotomus das cercanias da cicade de S. Paulo, com a descripcao de Flebotomus arthuri e alphabeticus (Psych.). [105] 6: 323-327, ill. (S*). Her- ing, M. Neue sudamerikanische Trypanea-Arten (Try- pet ). [1051 16: 327-332, ill. Hopkins, G. H. E. Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region. 1. Larval bionomics of mosqui- toes and taxonomy of Culicine larvae. London, British Museum. 1936. 25<)pp., ill. Hull, F. M. A curious new svrphid fly from Peru. |10| 38: 167-168. James, M. T.- N. spp. and records of Colorado Diptera. [(>] 44: 341-344. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 25 Komp, W. H. W. A. (Anopheles) chiriquiensis, a n. sp. from Panama. [10J 38: 156-160, ill. Anopheles (Nyssor- hynchus) anomalophyllus, a n. sp. from Panama and Costa Rica. [10] 38: 156-160; 160-164, ill. Lopes, H. de Sousa.- Sobre tres especies novas de Richardiidae do Brasil. [105] 6: 475-480, ill. Sturtevant & Dobzhansky. Observations on the spp. related to new forms of Drosophila affinis, with descriptions of seven. [90] 70: 574-584, ill. (*). Townsend, C. H. T. On Cochliomyia hominivorax. Notes on Aid- rich's 1926 species of Cylindromyia. A new Phasiine para- site of Dysdercus (Tachin.) [105] 6: 485-487; 488; 489 (S*). Twin, C. R. The blackflies of eastern Canada (Simuliidae) Part II. [Canadian Jour. Res.] 14: 131-150, ill. (*) COLEOPTERA. Blackwelder, R. E. Revision of the North American beetles of the Staphylinid subfamily Tachyporinae - Pt. 1: Tachyporus. [50] 84: 39-54 (*). Borgmeier, T. Globicornis fulvipes, atacando couro de livros no Rio de Janeiro (Dermes.). [105] 6: 489-490. Chagnon, G. Contribution a 1'etude des coleopteres de la province de Quebec. [98] 63: 241-251, ill Eggers, H- Borkenkafer aus Sudamerika (Ipidae). [105] 6: 388-394, ill. (S*). Fisher, W. S. A new sphindid beetle from Cuba [115] 10: 201-202. Hinton, H. E. A n. sp. of Ataenius from Mexico (Scarab.) [105] 6: 471-474, ill. Hustache & Bruch. Description y notas biologicas acerca de un curcu- lionido mirmecofilo. [105] 6: 332-338, ill. (*). Liche, H.- Beitrage zur ethologie der Dermestiden (100] (B), 2: 141- 162, ill. Liebke, M. Die Gattung Lachnophorus (Carab.). [105] 6: 461-468, (S*). Ritcher, Chamberlin & Seaton.- Additional collection records for Phyllophaga spreta (Scarab.). [10] 38: 185-186. Thery, A. Quelques Bupres- tides nouveaux du Bresil. [105] 6: 469-471. ill. (*). Uh- mann, E. Schlussel der mir bekannten Cephalolia-Arten (Chrysom.: Hisp.). [105] 6: 481-485 (S), HYMENOPTERA. Bequaert, J. Color variation in the South American social wasp, Polistes carnifex (Vesp.). [105] 6: 376-383, (*). Cushman, R. A. The Ichneumon- flies of the genus Brachcyrtus. [50] 84: 17-24, ill. (*). Cushman, R. A. Poecilocryptus and Poecilopimpla (Ich- neumon.). [91] 26: 464-466. Marsh, F. L. Egg placing by Dibrachys boucheanus (Chalc.). [4] 68: 215-216. Muese- beck, C. F. W. The genera of parasitic wasps of the Bra- 26 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '37 conid subfamily Euphorinae, with a review of the Nearctic species. [U. S. D. A., Miscl. Publ.J No. 241, 37 pp., ill. (*). Richards, O. W. Further notes on the nomenclature of British aculeate Hymenoptera. [107] B, 5: 169-173. Santschi, F. Fotirmis nouvelles ou interessantes de la Re- publique Argentine [105] 6: 402-421, ill. Wheeler, W. M. A singular Crematogaster from Guatemala (Formic.). [5] 43: 39-48, ill. (*). Wheeler, W. M. Ecological rela- tions of Ponerine and other ants to termites. [Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci.] 71: 159-243, ill. (*). SPECIAL NOTICES. An index to the authors (other than Linnaeus) mentioned in the catalogue of the works of Linnaeus preserved in the libraries of the British Museum. Ed. 2., 1933. Brit. Mus. N. H. 1936. 59pp. Dictionary of biological equivalents. German-English. By E. Artschwag- er, Baltimore. 1930. 239 pp., ill. Handbuch der zoologie. von Kuekenthal u. Krumbach. Bd. 4, lift. 2. Insecta 2. pp. 1757-1884. Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian region. 1 Larval bionomics of mosquitoes and taxonomy of Culicine larvae. By G. H. E. Hopkins. Brit. Mus. N. H. 1936: 250pp.. ill. Nomenclator animalium generum et subgenerum. Preuss. Akad.Wissensch. /u Berlin. Bd. 5 Lief 22. Rhynch-Som. pp. 3058-3212. Spinnentiere oder Arachnoidea VII : Was- sermilben oder Hydracarina II. ( Hydrachnellae und Hala- caridae). K. Viets". | Die Tier. Deutschlands] 1936: 289-574. Upper Permian Insects of New South AVales : III. The Order Copeognatha IV. The Order Odonata. V. The Or- der Perlaria or Stone-flies. R. T. Tillyard. [Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W.] 60: 265-279; 374-384; 385-391. ill. (*). Doings of Societies. The thirteenth annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Con- ference of Entomologists was held August 16 to 21, 1936, inclusive, at the University summer camp. Centennial. Wy- oming. The camp is located in a timbered area of the Medi- cine Bow Range of the Rocky Mountains, about 40 miles west of Laramie, Wyoming, and 100 miles north and west of Ft. Collins, Colorado. Members of the families of the entomolo- gists joined in the gathering, meals being served in the large central lodge, with sleeping quarters in small cabins located in xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS the timber along a beautiful mountain stream. representing 17 states, were present. The following are those directly interested in entomology: C. H. Richardson, Iowa; Leslie B. Daniels. Galen Hinkle, John L. Hoerner, C. R. Jones, Eleanor Davis McLaughlin, Miriam A. Palmer, Sam C. McCampbell, Elizabeth Heiss, Kl- mer Reed, Louis G. Davis, Maurice T. James, Asa C. Maxson, Geo. M. List, Max A. Sisson, J. H. Newton, Colorado; \Y. J. Schoene, Virginia; Reginald H. Painter, E. G. Kelly, Arthur L. Goodrich, Kansas ; Fred D. Butcher, W. B. Mabee, Robert L. Shotwell, J. R. Parker, Montana ; F. A. Fenton, Oklahoma ; H. C. Severin, South Dakota; John C. Hamlin, W. W. Hen- derson, J. S. Stanford, C. J. Sorenson, Geo. I. Reeves, Utah; L. M. Gates, Otis Wade, Nebraska ; Leonard Haseman, Ralph Voris, Missouri; Loyd L. Stitt, Arizona; C. L. Corkins, John W. Scott, L. Floyd Clarke, Margaret Greemvald, Win. B. Owen, C. L. Farrar, A. P. Sturtevant, John D. Hitchcock, A. \V. Woodrow, C. H. Gilbert, Wyoming; J. J. Davis, In- diana; R. L. Post, Elvira Rosenbauer, New York; J. H. Big- ger, Illinois ; C. L. Fluke, Wisconsin ; H. L. Parten, Minnesota. The following is a list of the more formal subjects dis- cussed : ORTHOPTERA The Cairo, Egypt, International Grasshopper Conference, J. R. Parker; Reports of the Grasshopper Condi- tions and the Research and Control Work by States, F. A. Fenton, Okla. ; E. G. Kelly, Kansas ; Leonard Haseman, Mo. ; S. C. McCampbell, Colo. ; L. M. Gates, Nebr. ; C. H. Richard- son, Iowa ; H. C. Severin, So. Dak. ; C. L. Corkins, Wyo. ; Fred D. Butcher, No. Dak. and Mont. ; J. H. Bigger, 111., and J. J. Davis, Indiana; The Grasshopper Problem, Fred Butcher; Grasshoppers in Oklahoma, F. A. Fenton (Motion Pictures) ; The 1936 Grasshopper Control Campaign in Jefferson County, Colo., L. G. Davis; Grasshopper Adult and Egg Surveys, R. L. Shotwell; Ecology of Grasshoppers, H. C. Severin; Inten- sive Area Studies of Grasshoppers, J. R. Parker; Laboratory Studies of Grasshopper Baits, C. H. Richardson; Orthoptera Classification, W. W. Henderson; The Mormon Cricket Prob- 28 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '37 lem, C. L. Corkins ; The Sudden Rise of the Mormon Cricket Population, J. R. Parker. COLEOPTERA Staphylinid Beetles, Ralph Voris; The Al- falfa Weevil Situation in Nebraska, L. M. Gates; Blister Beetles, H. C. Severin. DIPTERA Florissant Diptera, M. T. James; Syrphidae Studies, Elizabeth M. Heiss ; Bombyliidae and Certain Other Diptera, R. H. Painter; Mosquitoes, Wm. B. Owen. HEMIPTERA Lygus Bugs in Relation to Alfalfa Seed Pro- duction, C. J. Sorenson; Studies of Lygus Bugs in Arizona, Loyd L. Stitt. HOMOPTERA Aphids, M. A. Palmer; Plant Lice of the Sugar Beet, A. C. Maxson ; The Tomato Psyllid as Related to Potatoes, L. B. Daniels ; The Tomato Psyllid as Related to Tomatoes, Geo. M. List ; A Progress Report on Control of Squash Bug, slnasa tristi-s De G., J. L. Hoerner. LEPIDOPTERA - - The Codling Moth in Virginia, W. J. Schoene; The Influence of Weather on Codling Moth in Mis- souri, Leonard Haseman ; Codling Moth in Indiana, J. J. Davis; Codling Moth Control Work in Colorado, J. H. Newton. APICULTURE Work of the Intermountain Bee Laboratory, A. P. Sturtevant ; Bee Behavior in Commercial Production, C. L. Farrar. GENERAL The Need of Keys for the Common Insects of the Rocky Mountain Region, J. W. Scott; Spray Residue Re- moval, C. L. Fluke; Peach Mosaic Control, Max A. Sisson; Extension Projects, E. G. Kelly ; Resistance of Plants to Insect Attack, R. H. Painter ; Enemies of Fish in the Yellow- stone National Park, John W. Scott. It was agreed that the Wyoming summer camp and the Colorado State College forestry lodge at Pingree Park, Colo- rado, where all previous meetings have been held, are both very desirable meeting places. The selection of the meeting place for next year was left to the officers. Those selected for 1937 were C. P. Gillette, Chairman ; Claude C. Wakeland, Y ice-Chairman ; Geo. M. List, Secretary, ami C. R. Jones, Treasurer. GEORGE M. LIST, Secretary. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS OBITUARY On Monday, October 26th, 1936, HENRY G. KLAGES passed away in his seventy-seventh year, leaving his widow, Frances Rinkhoff Klages and a daughter, Mary, now Mrs. John C. Robinson of Lynchburg, Virginia. For thirty-three years he served on the staff of the Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh. Penn- sylvania, as assistant in the Section of Entomology, where he was entrusted with the responsibilities of mounting, arranging, and identifying beetles of the Museum collection under the guidance of the Curator. Although Mr. Klages did not have the advantage of academic training in entomology in his youth, nevertheless his keen interest in beetles, his discriminating and observing mind, his acquaintance with specialized literature and his prodigious memory qualified him as an entomologist of unusually practical competence. In performing his prepara- torial duties in the Museum he acquired a familiarity with a wide range of insect groups outside of his favorite specialty. As an enthusiastic amateur entomologist he assembled with great care and diligence a fine collection of coleoptera from the local region and augmented it by extensive material from other regions of the United States and Canada. This private col- lection of his was constantly enlarged as opportunity would arise. This institution is indebted to Mr. Klages for large series of insects gathered in different places in the vicinity of Pitts- burgh during his frequent field explorations and has also ac- quired from him a whole collection of beetles at the beginning of Mr. Klage's association with the Museum. In 1902 he published in the Annals of the Carnegie Museum "Supplement to Dr. John Hamilton's List of the Coleoptera of Southwestern Pennsylvania." It is regrettable that he did not contribute more frequently to coleopterological literature. The biography of Mr. Klages is an example of a worthy self- made man who devoted himself painstakingly and successfully to his chosen field. He was born July 29, 1860, in the part of Pittsburgh known as the Southside. His parents were Doctor Gustav A. and Eliza Klages, his father receiving his 30 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '37 Doctorate in Medicine and Philosophy in the University of Heidelberg. On account of the meager circumstances of his family, Mr. Henry Klages had to relinquish school at an early age and earn his living. He became engaged as a glass blower in a factory but found time to give his attention to the study of entomology. He would also often indulge in preparing skill- ful drawings as a recreation and means of keeping illustrated records. His love for systematic collecting did not limit itself to the field of natural history. He was a keen philatelist, hav- ing assembled a valuable collection of stamps from many lands. The loss of Mr. Henry Klages by the Museum is not to be easily replaced and all his friends and colleagues on the staff mourn his passing away and will preserve affectionate memories of his kindly, loyal, and sympathetic personality. A. AVINOFF. Dr. CARROLL Fox, medical director of the United States Quarantine Station at Rosebank, Staten Island, and chief quar- antine officer of the port of New York, died of heart disease on May 24, 1936, at the United States Marine Hospital at Staple- ton, Long Island. He was 61 years old and had been in the Public Health Service for 37 years. He was born in Phila- delphia and entered the Health Service after two years as pathologist in the State Hospital in Scranton, Pennsylvania. He was sanitary adviser to the Navy during the World War. ( The Pennsylvania Gazette, University of Penna., Oct. 15, 1936.) Dr. Fox specialized in the study of fleas and con- tributed papers to the NEWS and other journals on those in- sects; his last, in our pages, appeared in July, 1929, and de- scribed three new species, one of them from Ecuador and two from California. He was the author of a text book Insects ami Disease of Man (Philadelphia, Blakiston, 1925). The title page of that volume states that he was lecturer on medical entomology to the class of student officers, Hygienic Labora- tory, Washington, 1). C., one time Assistant Director of Health, Philippine Islands and Associate Professor of Hygiene, Med- ical School, I'niversiiy of the Philippines. He received his M.D. degree from the University of Pennsylvania in 1897. RECENT LITERATURE FOK SALE IJY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 1900 RACE STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA. COLEOPTERA 1018. Blaisdell ( F. E.).--Two new species of Euschides (Tenebrionidae). (Trans., 62, 223-230, 1936) 20 DIPTERA 1020. Cresson (E. T., Jr.). Descriptions and notes on genera and species of the Dipterous family Ephydridae. II. (Trans., 62, 257-270, 1936) ... .30 HYMENOPTERA. 1016. Mitchell (T. B.) A revision of the genus Megachile in the Nearctic region. IV. Taxonomy of subgenera Xanthosarus, Phaenosarns, Megachiloides and Dero- tropis (Megachilidae.) (Trans., 62, 117-166, 4 pis., 1936) 1.00 1013. Pate (V. S. L.). Studies in the ny:sonine wasps. I. Species of Psainnia'etcs, a n. suhg. of Hoplisoides (Sphecidae). (Trans., 62, 49-56, 1936) . JO ODONATA. 1015. Needham and Fisher. The nymphs of North American Libelluline dragonflies. (Trans., 62, 107-116, 2 pis., 1935) . . .20 ORTHOPTERA 1017. Hebard (M.). New genera and species of Melanopli found within the U. S. and Canada (Acrididae). 1'ts. 7-9. (Trans., 62, 167-222, 6 pis., 1936). 1.25 1019. Hebard (M.I. Studies in Orthoptera which occur in N. Amer. north of the Mexican boundary. VI. A revision of the genus Arcthaea (Tcttigoniidae). (Trans., 62, 231-256, 2 pis., 1936) .40 Write your name and address in the space below. If that given is not correct, please advise us. Herewith find remittance for $.... for which please send me the items checked above. EXCHANGES This column is intended only for wants and exchanges, not for advertisements of goods for sale or services rendered. Notices not exceeding three lines free to subscribers. These notices are continued as long as our limited space will allow; the new ones are added at the end of the column, and, only when necessary those at the top (being longest in) are discontinued. Wanted Collectors desiring living pupae with cocoon attached to natural food plant of Michigan, Samia, Columbia or hybrid with S. Cecropia, write W. S. McAlpine, 575 Townsend St., Birmingham, Mich. Wanted Xorth American Chrys : didae for exchange or determina- tion, with privilege of retaining duplicates. W. G. Bodenstein, Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca. Xew York. Wanted Chloropidae (Oscinidae) of the world. Study, determin- ation or exchanee. C. W. Sabrosky, Entomology Dept., Michigan Stpt-p College. East Lansing, M : ch. Wanted Heliconia from various parts of Mexico, Central and South America, especially Bolivia. Buy or exchange. F. E. Church, 15 West 67th St.. New York, N. Y. (Continued on third page of cover). SUBSCRIPTION BLANK Enclosed find payment for my subscription to ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for one year, beginning with issue for- Name Address Post Office The subscription price per year of ten (10) numbers : United States, Central and South America, $3.00 Canada, - 3.15 Foreign, - 3.25 Payments are acceptable in United States currency and Postal Money Order, by Check on. Domestic (United States) bank, Foreign draft on New York, and by International Postal Order. Address ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, 1900 RACK STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA., U. S. A. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for December, 1936, was mailed at the Phila- delphia Post Office, Jan. 8, 1937. EXCtiANOKS (Continued) Wanted. Communication with anyone who has or is collecting Lepi- doptera in Burlington County, New Jersey Also anyone having a micro- scope for sale. E. P. Darlington, New Lisbon, N. J. Wanted for Cash or Exchange. North American Butterflies in series especially from type localities and remote places. C. F. dos Passes, Mendham, New Jersey. Wanted Specimens of North American Cephidae. Will make determinations and exchanges for purposes of revising the group. Donald T. Ries, Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. W. H. JANSON & SON. Exotic Lepidoptera Ornithoptera. Papilio. Agrias. Morphos etc. Exotic Coleoptera Large showy forms and rarities especially in Cetoniidae, Lucanidae, Cerambycidae etc. Lots of undetermined species from all families at low rates. Large exotic forms of Arachnids etc. British Lepidoptera including many fine and rare varities. British Coleoptera and other Orders. STOREBOXES, NETS, PINS, SETTING BOARDS AND OTHER APPARATUS ALWAYS IN STOCK. (Price list sent free). P. O. BOX 128, 44, Great Russell Street, LONDON, W. C. I. Established 1852. England. ADVANCE IN PRICES OF ENTOMOLOGICAL LITERATURE PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY The prices of the publications of the American Entomological Society listed prior to 1919 will be considerably advanced after December 31, 1936. This will be the last chance to secure these papers containing descriptions of many new genera and species, and monographic and revisionary treatments of many groups of insects, at the except- ionally low prices which have not been advanced since the days when the cost of printing was considerably less than it is today. Those wishing to secure these publications, at present prices, should send for Price List 1918, of the orders in which they are interested. A Steel Cabinet for $chmitt Boxes Already widely popular is Ward' 8 recently announced Steel cabinet for Schmitt Boxes. Carefi' 11 ? and accurately made of heavy steel, the new cabinet is dr 181 ' 1 ^" 1 and Pest-proof, and the door may be removed and replaced. It accommodates 28 9x13" Schmitt Boxes (or other 9xl3 " boxes) - Handsomely finished in olive green and provi< ]ed with tamper-proof lock. Cabinet only, $60.00 each. WAR D' S NATURAL SCIENCE ESTABLISHMENT, inc4 The Frank A . Wu rd Foundation ofNutu rul Science of the University of Rochester READ WARD'S ENTOMOLOGICAL BULLETIN ... if lucd monthly 300 NORTH GOODMAN STREET ROCHESTER NEW VuRK FOR SALE One of the finest collections $ Palearctic Diurnals 15,000 specimens in perfect condi tion a11 ful 'y labelled And including very many of the rarest s pecies and some quite unique. Offered at one quarter the original cost. / u11 particulars on application. Some thousands of fine Indian Diurnals, in papers named, $6.00 per 100. Fine Morphos from French Guiana, New Gu iana Delias in Papers (named). A very large number of bred Urania riphaeu^ A. FOR ' 42. IRVING ROAD. BOURNEMOUTH. ENGLAND RARE SOUTHERN CALIFOR NIA LEPIDOPTERA Pinned and fully Labellec 1 or in Papers List furnished on r e( l uest CALIFORNIA INSECT> R1ES ' INC - 1612 West Glenoaks Boulevard Glendale, California A. W. Morrill. Ph. D.. Mat. C - Henne> ^ ^HSJ ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS FEBRUARY, 1937 Vol. XLVIII No. 2 CONTENTS Alsterlund Notes on the Biology of the Partndge-pea Weevil, Chalco- dermus collaris Horn. (Coleop., Curculiondae) 31 Knull Notes on Coleoptera with Descriptions of New Species (Bupre- stidae and Cerambycidae) 36 Obituary 42 Bailey Notes on the Distribution and Hosts of Some Western Thysan- optera 43 DeLong Six new Species of Graminella and Chlorotettix (Homoptera Cicadellidae) from the eastern United States SO Prof. C. L. Metcalf Chairman of Biological Sciences at Illinois .... 54 Entomological Literature PHILADELPHIA, PA. THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, 1900 Race Street Entered at the Philadelphia, Pa., Post Office as Second Class Matter. Acceptance for mailing at the special rate of postage prescribed for in Section 1. Act of October 3, 1917, authorized January IS, 1921. SUBSCRIPTIONS FOR 1937 NOW PAYABLE Detachable Subscription Blank in this Number ENTOMOLOGICAL NE\Y$ published monthly, excepting August and September, by The American Entomological Society. Philip P. Calvert, Ph.D., Editor; E. T. Cresson, Jr., R. G. Schmieder, Ph.D., V. S. L. Pate, Associate Editors. Advisory Committee: Philip Laurent, J. A. G. Rehn, Chas. Liebeck, J. Chester Bradley, Ph.D., Frank Morton Jones, Sc.D., John C. Lutz r Max Kisliuk, Jr., Wm. W. Chapman. The subscription price per year of ten (10) numbers is as follows: United States and possessions, Central and South America $3.00, Canada $3.15, Foreign $3.25, Single copies 35 cents. ADVERTISING RATES: Full width of page. Payments in advance. One issue, 1 in.. $ 1.20, 3 in., $ 3.00, 5 in., $ 5.00, 7 in., $ 7.00 Ten issues, " 8.00, " 25.00, " 45.00, " 60.00 SUBSCRIPTIONS. All remittances and communications regarding sub- scriptions, non-receipt of the "News" or of reprints, and requests for sample copies, should be addressed to ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, 1900 Race Street, PHILADELPHIA, PA. MANUSCRIPTS AND ADVERTISEMENTS should be sent to the editor, Dr. P. P. Calvert, Zoological Laboratory, University of Pennsyl- vania, Philadelphia, Pa. TO CONTRIBUTORS. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged and if they are accepted they will be published as soon as possible. If not accepted, authors will be so advised and postage requested for return of manuscripts. Articles longer than six printed pages will be published in two or more installments, unless the author is willing to pay for the cost of a sufficient number of additional pages in any one issue to enable such an article to appear without division. Proof will be sent to authors. Twenty-five extras (separates) of an author's contribution will be given free when they are requested; they will be "run of form," that is without removal of extraneous matter (parts of other articles at beginning and at end), folded, but unbound, uncut and without covers. Authors wishing more than 25 separates can obtain them, at the rates given at the bottom of this page, by ordering at the time of returning proof. The making of blocks and printing all illustrations will be charged to authors. The editor will furnish cost of same when requested. Stated Meetings of The American Entomological Society will be held at 8.00 P. M., in 1937, on the fourth Thursday of each month excepting June, July, August, November and December, and on the third Thursday of November and December. Communications on observations made in the course of your studies are solicited; also exhibits of any specimens you consider of interest. The printer of the "News" will furnish reprints c,f arlicles, without covers, over and above the twenty-five given free at the following r.i'es: One or two panes, twenty-five copies, 35 cents: three or four pag'-s, twenty-five copies, 70 cents: five to ei^ht p'ages, twenty-five copies, $1.40; nine to twelve pages, twenty-five copies, $2.00; each half-tone plate, twenty five copies, 30 cents; each plate of line cuts, twenty-five copies, 25 cents; greater numbers of copies will be at the corresponding multiples of these rates. Printed covers for 50 copies, $4.00 or more, according to number of pages bound. ENT. NEWS, VOL. XLVI1I Plate I. Wad PRO PARTRIDGE-PEA WEEVIL, CHALCODERMUS COLLARIS-AisTERLUND ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS VOL. XLVIII. FEBRUARY, 1937 No. 2 Notes on the Biology of the Partridge-pea Weevil, Chalcodermus collaris Horn. (Coleop.,CurculionidaeV. By JOHN ALSTERLUND, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois. (Plate I.) The genus Chalcodermus Schon. comprises a small group of snout-beetles, seven species being listed for North America by Leng (1920, 1933). - The only species whose biology is re- corded in literature is Chalcodermus acncus Boh., the cowpea curculio, of which the best account is by Ainslie. 3 in us vittatns Champ, has been bred from the seed pods of Cardlospermum halicababum L., or balloon vine, in Texas. 4 No other biological data, apart from brief host plant notes made in general collecting, are recorded for North American species of Chalcodermus. In the autumn of 1933 the writer reared Chalcodermus col- laris Horn, from the seed pods of Cassia chamaechrista L., or partridge pea, at Urbana, Illinois. All material was reared from the single host plant mentioned, C. chamaechrista, a low, yellow-flowered legume, fairly com- mon around Urbana along roadsides and railroad embankments. It blooms in greatest abundance during the latter part of Aug- ust, bearing flat pods (Fig. 7) about five cm. long, which con- tain a single row of from twelve to fourteen seeds. The seeds reach maturity in approximately three weeks, at which time the pod is dry and brittle ; in a few days the seeds are expelled by a sudden springing open of the pod, the two halves remaining typically twisted (Fig. 5). 'Contribution No. 174 from the Entomological Laboratories of the ' University of Illinois. - Leng, C. W. Catalogue of the Coleoptera of America, North of Mexico, 1920. Also supplement, 1933. 3 Ainslie, G. G. The Cowpea Curculio, U. S. D. A. Bur. Ent. Bull. 85, pt. 8, pp. 133-146. 4 From collections of U. S. National Museum, courtesy A. G. Boving. 31 32 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '37 . Ill nit. The adult weevils vary from four to six mm. in length, from eyes to tips of elytra. The thorax is dark brown, covered with smooth undulating ridges (Fig. 6). The elytra are a bronze or light copper color, with irregular black mot- tlings. The sexes are very similar in appearance. The writer is tin able to give any means for separation on external characters. No mating pairs were ever seen, the present observations prob- ably having started too late in the summer for this activity. Oviposition. Oviposition of C. collan's extends from ap- proximately August 15 to October 1. The amount of ovi- position is dependent on the supply of the preferred young pods, which are most numerous about September 1. The preparation for oviposition is lengthy. The female, clinging head upward with tarsi gripping the sides of the pod, first digs a feeding puncture or pre-oviposition hole (Fig. 7, POv). About one-half hour of steady probing results in a rag- gedly torn area, somewhat smaller than the insect's thorax, in the shell of the pod; the seeds within are only rarely pierced. The weevil then moves up about its own body length and makes a second puncture (Fig. 7, Ov). The second puncture is always on the side of the pod to which the seeds are attached, but the location for it is chosen without apparent trial. The female plunges her beak in full lengh to complete the puncture, which terminates in the basal corner of the seed near its attachment (Fig. 4). After having consumed approximately another one- half hour with the second excavation, the female turns about and inserts an egg into it, actual oviposition requiring only a few seconds. The punctures and the tissue between and just around them discolor rapidly, turning from whitish to dark rusty brown in a lew days, leaving a very characteristic ragged scar (Fig. 7), resembling an inverted question mark. Egg. The egg when laid is approximately one mm. long and one-third as wide, cylindrical, glistening white and tnprrin- gently at each end. When about to batch, it is thicker and blunter, and the young larva is easily visible through the chor- xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 33 ion. The length of the egg stage varied from three to six days. Larva. There are four larval instars. All are legless, and white in color except for the brown head capsule. The first three instars differ from the last in being nearly circular in cross-section, and in having smooth body segments, only a few faint lines on the third instar larva giving any indication of intrasegmental pleats. The fourth instar larva (Fig. 1 ) is dis- tinctly unlike those preceding. Tt is somewhat flattened ven- trally, with rows of fleshly swellings along the ventro-lateral margins, which enable it to crawl vigorously. It bears deeply impressed sutures and many transverse folds. Following are the head capsule widths of the instars, taken in each case as the greatest transverse diameter on the cephalic aspect : Instar First Second Third Fourth Head width in mm. .35 - .47 .52 - .58 .75 - .81 .93-1.0 The first instar larva on hatching is partially inside the seed and begins to feed on the tender tissue surrounding it. Larvae hatched out on moist blotting paper appeared incapable of movement : they stood upright, attached to the paper by the tip of the abdomen, with the head stretching to and fro, the mandibles moving mechanically. Normally the young larva molts after a day's feeding. Newly hatched larvae were kept alive for three days without food, but they did not molt. The second instar also averaged one day in length. The third instar averaged three days. The seed in which the egg is laid often decays rapidly, and the later instar larvae gen- erally tunnel through several seeds to complete growth. The fourth instar varied from ten to twelve days, making a total of from fifteen to eighteen days for the entire larval period. Normally, by about the middle of the fourth instar the pod has matured and become dry and brittle, with the seeds hard and unfit for food. The larva now leaves the plant in one of two ways. If the pod is still intact, the larva bores a ragged hole in one of the narrow sides and drops to the ground. In most cases, however, before the larva can bore out, the halves of the pod spring open to release the seed, forcibly ejecting the 34 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '37 larva also. This fact was first noticed in rearing fourth instar larvae from a jar full of dried pods. Within a day after collection, all of the pods had opened, depositing the larvae and seeds in the bottom of the jar. Another lot of sixty infested pods was collected and each pod placed in a separate glass vial. One larva in the lot bored out, leaving the pod closed ; but a daily inspection of vials containing an opened pod and an ejected larva showed that the edges of about ten per cent of such pods were marked with remnants of exit hole injury. Most of the mature larvae, then, while capable of boring out, are antici- pated, either entirely or while attempting to emerge, by the natural dehiscence of the pod. Once out of the pod, active fourth instar larvae crawl about energetically till they find loose soil or an object against which to brace, whereupon they burrow to a depth of one to two inches. The prepupal phase occupies the last three to five days of the fourth instar, in the larval burrow. Prepupae are similar in appearance to active larvae, but in behavior exhibit the in- ternal changes that are taking place. Active fourth instar larvae crawl vigorously, at the rate of about ten centimeters per min- ute; early prepupae, if disturbed, attempt to move, but always tumble over after one or two convolutions. Advanced pre- pupae when disturbed merely wriggle, and after a few seconds lie perfectly still. Molting. Molting of larvae is accomplished by splitting of the head capsule along the epicranial suture and passage of the exuvia backward by writhings of the body, the larva lash- ing out with its head toward the exuvia. The molted head capsule passes along the ventral surface. A third instar larva was observed when the old capsule had just been worked off the head. The exuvia was passed along the entire length of the rest of the body in approximately ten minutes. The exuvia consists mainly of head capsule, together with a tightly wadded ring of body material. It often clings to the tip of the abdo- men until the following molt. xlviii, '37| ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS Pupa. Pupation occurs in the soil soon after the larvae leave the pods. Pupae (Figs. 2, 3) measure from four to seven mm. in length, and are milky-white when young, the compound eyes and appendages darkening toward the end of the pupal period. Thoracic segments are distinct. Seven dorsal and six ventral abdominal segments are visible, plus two short anal segments (AN). Pupae when disturbed wriggle the abdomen dorso- ventrally with wings held slightly spread, as in Figs. 2 and 3. Length of the pupal stage varied from nine to twelve days. Wintering. The adults remain in the larval burrows in hiber- nation during the winter. Adults dug up were between one and two inches below the surface in a cinder enbankment. Data are lacking for habits of the species during late spring and mid-summer, but there is probably only one generation a year. The seasonal history of a related economic pest, Chal- codennus aencus Boh., the cowpea curculio, has been studied in South Carolina by Ainslie (I.e.), who says of it: "It seems to be true that only one generation is produced annually, but in localities where two distinct crops of cowpeas can be matured, there may prove to be two generations of beetles." An associated form, the only other insect found living within the seed pods of Cassia chamaechrista, was a lepidopterous larva of the family Gclcchiidac. It was observed in the field on three occasions, and each time was in the act of crawling into a pod through either the feeding or oviposition puncture of C. collaris. A few specimens were found inside of pods apparently feeding on the seeds. An attempt to rear them failed. Two of the immature larvae were sent to Mr. Carl Heinrich of the U. S. National Museum, who reported the fam- ily determination above. Mr. Heinrich also stated that the species "resembles that of Stcyasta bosquella Chambers which also feeds on Cassia chamaechrista but it lacks the characteristic red coloring on the thoracic segments of that species and differs in slight details of setal arrangement. Your specimens are im- mature larvae while our example of bosquella is a full grown specimen. However, I do not think your specimens are bos- quella. What species or genus they are I cannot say." 36 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '37 Notes on Coleoptera with Descriptions of New Species (Buprestidae and Cerambycidae). By JOSEF N. KNULL, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. (Continued from page 17) Chrysobothris kelloggi, n. sp. Robust, depressed; dark purple above, beneath cupreous, shining. Head convex, occiput longitudinally carinate ; front flat, a small callosity on eacii side ; surface coarsely punctate, becom- ing rugose below, clothed with recumbent pubescence; eyes nar- row, about evenly rounded above and below; epistoma broadly, deeply emarginate ; antennae extending to middle of pronotum when laid along side margin, joints compact, not diminishing in width toward tips, third joint one and one-half times length of fourth. Pronotum about twice as wide as long, flat ; anterior margin slightly sinuate, middle lobe not prominent ; basal margin emar- ginate at middle of each elytron, median lobe acutely rounded; surface with a wide, sparsely punctured, smooth central area extending over half of pronotum, punctures confluent at sides, a well marked lateral depression each side near front, two slight depressions on each side of median line, one at middle and one at base. Scutellum small, triangular. Elytra wider than pronotum at base ; sides subparallel at base, constricted back of humeral angles then broadly, arcuately rounded to separately rounded apices ; disk flat, irregularly con- fluently punctured, each elvton with a well denned costa paral- lel to suture, also three, irregular, transverse chitinized areas. Abdomen beneath coarsely punctate, sparsely pubescent ; first and second segments channeled ; last ventral finely serrate, without marginal ridge, deeply arcuately emarginate at apex. Prosternum not lobed in front, surface punctate, densely pubes- cent ; prosternal process expanded behind coxal cavities. An- terior femora with a large obtuse tooth on inner margin, outer edge of tooth and femur serrate. Anterior and middle tibiae arcuate, posterior tibiae straight; anterior tibia with an obtuse tooth one-fourth from apex. Length 7 mm. ; width 3.5 mm. Described from a unique male collected at Silver City, NEW MEXICO, on January 28, 1934, by R. T. Kellogg. Holotype in writer's collection. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS According- to Horn's - key, this species would come in group III, near C. spccnlifcra Horn. However the tooth on the an- terior tibia is broader and farther from the tip than it is in C. spccnlifcra Horn. It can be separated from its near rela- tives by its broad depressed form. Chrysobothris chiricahuae, n. sp. Size and form of C. floricohi Gory, depressed; dark bronze head, pronotum and ventral surface more shining than elytra. $ Head convex, occiput longitudinally carinate; front with a small callosity on each side in middle ; surface densely, irregu- larly punctate, clothed with long white pubescence; eyes nar- row, equally rounded above and below ; epistoma deeply emar- ginate in front ; antennae extending to middle of pronotum, when laid along side margin, joints not narrowed toward apex, compact, third joint only slightly longer than fourth. Pronotum twice as wide as long, widest back of middle, narrower in front than at base; sides rounded in front, parallel at middle, obliquely rounded at base ; anterior margin with median lobe only slightly produced, broadly rounded ; basal margin broadly, arcuately emarginate at middle of each elytron, median lobe acutely rounded; surface densely, coarsely punc- tate, punctures confluent in middle and along sides, slight indi- cation of median depression, a strong lateral depression on each side in front, a small callosity on each side at base. Scutel- lum small, triangular. Elytra much wider than pronotum; sides broadly rounded in front, sinuate back of humeral angles, then arcuately narrowed to rounded tips, serrulate; disk with two well marked basal de- pressions on each side at base, each elytron with an irregular, transverse depression in front of middle, back of middle and two on apical third, depressions densely punctate, three irregu- lar costae on each elytron, the one along suture extending from basal third to tip, the other two irregular and interrupted by depressions; surface irregularly punctate. Abdomen beneath coarsely punctured, ventral segments channeled in the middle, last ventral serrate along lateral mar- gin, submarginal ridge lacking, deeply arcuately emarginate at apex. Prosternum with a broadly rounded lobe in front; sur- face densely punctate on all but median line, clothed with long white pubescence; prosternal process expanded behind coxal cavities. Anterior femora with a large obtuse tooth on inner 2 G. H. Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 13, p. 65, 1886. 38 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '37 margin which is serrate on outer edge. Anterior and middle tibiae arcuate, each bearing a tooth one-third from apex, tooth of anterior tibia broadly rounded, tooth on middle tibia obtuse, hind tibia straight. Length 11 mm.; width 4.5 mm. 9 --Differs from the male by being more robust, last ab- dominal segment not as deeply and broadly emarginate at apex, anterior and middle tibiae unmodified, front not as pubescent. Holotypc male labeled Chiricahua Mountains, ARIZONA, June 23, 1933, F. H. Parker collector. Allot yt^c female from the same locality collected by the writer on June 2, 1935. The female was taken on pine slash at an elevation of about 8000 feet, which leads me to believe that the insect breeds in pine. Type material in author's collection. According to Horn's - key, this species would fall in group III, near C. spccitlifcra Horn. It can be separated from the closely related species by the size and the fact that the anterior and middle tibiae are both dentate. CHRYSOBOTHRIS ACUTIPENNIS Chev. Adults were reared from dead branches of Acacia fclicioidcs Car. collected at Brownsville, TEXAS. The larvae work beneath the bark and enter the sapwood for pupation. Agrilus osburni, n. sp. Size and form of A. juylandis Knull ; head, antennae, sides of pronotum and legs green, elytra piceous, rest of insect dark bronze with an aeneous reflection. Head convex, faint indication of a median depression ; sur- face granulose in part, becoming rugose on occiput, lower half clothed with recumbent white pubescence; antennae reach- ing to basal fourth of pronotum when laid along lateral mar- gin, serrate from the fourth joint. Pronotum wider than long, base and apex of about equal width, widest in middle; sides broadly rounded in front then narrowed to base; when viewed from the side the marginal and submarginal carinae are separated in front and united very near the base; anterior margin sinuate, with broad median lobe; base Insinuate, median lobe emarginate in front of scutel- lum ; disk convex, with t\vo broad indistinct median depres- sions, lateral depressions deep, prehumeral carinae prominent; surface transversely rugose. Scutellum transversely carinate. Elytra at base wider than base of pronotum; sides parallel xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 39 near base, constricted in front of middle, then broadly rounded on apical half to rounded apices, serrulate near tips ; disk con- vex, sutural margins elevated posteriorly, basal depressions deep ; surface imbricate-punctate. Abdomen beneath densely punctate : first and second seg- ments channeled at middle but not conspicuously pubescent ; suture between first two segments well defined, but obliterated at side margins. Median line of ventral pubescence lacking. Prosternal lobe broadly rounded in front, feebly emarginate at middle. Posterior tarsi shorter than tibiae. Tibiae slender, all three pairs armed with a distinct tooth on inner margin at apex. Tarsal claws similar on all feet, cleft near the middle, the outer tooth acute, the inner one broad and turned inward, the tips nearly touching. Length 5 mm.; width 1.2 mm. Described from two male specimens collected by the writer at Put-in-Bay, OHIO, July 7, 1935. Holotype and paratype in writer's collection. I take pleasure in naming this beetle after Dr. R. C. Osburn. This species would come next to A. juglandis Knull accord- ing to Fisher's 3 key ; however, the median depression on the first two ventral segments of the abdomen will distinguish it. The male genitalia are unlike any of those figured by Fisher. In general outline they resemble those of A. atncornis Fishr. with the addition of translucent appendages at the ends of the lateral lobes. Agrilus santaritae, n. sp. -Narrow, elongate ; head, pronotum and ventral surface greenish bronze, elytra dark bronze. Head with a broad deep depression extending from vertex to epistoma ; surface irregularly rugose ; eyes large, more broadly rounded beneath, than above; antennae short, extend- ing to middle of pronotum when laid along side margin, serrate from the fourth joint, outer joints wider than long. Pronotum slightly wider than long, width of base and apex about equal; sides arcuately expanded to back of middle, sinu- ate at base ; when viewed from the side, marginal carina slightly sinuate, submarginal carina inferior in front, the two carinae joined back of middle ; anterior margin feebly sinuate, median lobe broadly rounded; basal margin slightly emarginate at 3 W. S. Fisher, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bui. 145, pp. 1-347, 1928. 40 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '37 middle of each elytron; disk convex, with two shallow median depressions, a broad lateral depression on each side along side margin, prehumeral carinae well indicated, oblique ; surface coarsely, transversely rugose, punctate between rugae, a dense patch of recumbent white pubescence in each lateral depression. Scutellum transversely carinate, granulate. Elytra as wide as widest part of pronotum; sides broadly arcuate at base, strongly constricted in front of middle, ex- panded back of middle, tips narrowly rounded, serrulate; disk flattened, sutural margin elevated posteriorly, basal depressions deep; surface irregularly granulose, pubescence very short, in- conspicuous. Abdomen beneath transversely rugose ; first and second ven- tral segments convex, unmodified, suture between first two ven- tral s plainly indicated at sides ; pubescence of middle portion very short ; sides of meso- and metasternum, posterior coxal plates and ventral portions of abdominal segments clothed with dense patches of recumbent white pubescence. Prosternal lobe broadly rounded in front; prosternal process with sides parallel, not expanded back of coxae, acute at apex. Posterior tarsi longer than the tibiae ; tibiae slender, acute, anterior and middle pairs mucronate on inner side at apex; tarsal claws dissimilar, anterior pair cleft near tips, teeth of about equal length, posterior and middle pairs cleft near the middle, inner tooth much broader and shorter than the outer one, tips slightly turned inward. Length 7.8 mm.; width 1.5 mm. Described from two male specimens collected in the Santa Rita Mountains, ARIZONA, on August 12, 1935, by F. H. Parker. Holotype and paratype in writer's collection. According to Fisher's " key, this species runs to A. inliabilis Kerr. The more narrow constricted form of this beetle, to- gether with the shape of the front margin of the prosternum and length of posterior tarsi will serve to separate the two species. The genitalia are approximately the same as those figured by Fisher 3 for A rcstrictus Water, however, the sides near the apex are serrulate. Mr. E. T. Cresson, Jr. kindly compared the sptvirs with the lectotype of A. inhabilis Kerr in the Academy of Natural Sci- ences and informs me that the two are not conspecific. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 41 AGRILUS SUBTROPICUS Schffr. Adults were taken on the foliage of black persimmon (Bryodcndron tc.vunnin Sch.) at Brownsville, TEXAS, from May 16 to 19. The number taken on widely separated trees would indicate that this might be the host of the species. AGRILUS PARKERI Knull. Adults reared from black oak, (Qiicrcns sp.) slash collected by the writer in Miller Canyon, Huachuca Mountains, ARIZONA. L TRIGONOGYA RETICULATICOLLIS Schffr. Adults were taken from the foliage of swamp ash (Fraxinns caroliniami Mill.) at Brownsville, TEXAS, from May 12 to 19. The species probably breeds in the small branches of this tree. CERAMBYCIDAE. ZAMODES OBSCURUS Lee. Mr. A. B. Champlain presented me with a specimen of this rare beetle which emerged from a natural finished hickory table at Glenside, PENNSYLVANIA, on June 19, 1934. The table had been in use two years before the adults started to emerge. No doubt oviposition occurred before the furniture was built. CHION CINCTUS var. OCHRACEUS Bates. Adults were chopped from their pupal cells in a dead ironwood (Ostrya virginiana K. Koch) at Hot Springs, ARKANSAS, on June 20, 1934. Obrium glabrum, n. sp. Brunneous above and below, glabrous, each elytron marked with dark brown stripes as follows: an oblique band on apical third running from side margin toward suture, a wider trans- verse band back of middle and a transverse band near tip. Head densely punctate ; eyes large, deeply emarginate ; an- tennae reaching to end of elytra, scape stout, second joint as long as wide, joints three to seven inclusive, gradually increas- ing in length, joints eight to eleven inclusive, gradually de- creasing in length. Pronotum as broad as long, much wider in front than at base ; each side with an obtusely rounded tubercle at middle, strongly constricted at base ; disk convex, a transverse depres sion at base running around sides ; surface minutely sparse!] punctate, a long brunneous, ciliate hair arising from each punc- ture. Scutellum triangular. Elytra at base wider than the widest part of pronotum ; sides constricted back of humerus, broadly rounded in apical 42 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '37 half to rounded apices, disk convex, punctures large, sparse, irregularly placed, a long brunneous, ciliate hair arising from each puncture. Ventral portion of abdomen glabrous, second segment deeply emarginate, apical margin clothed with a dense fringe of brunneous hairs, third segment emarginate, fourth and filth concave. Legs sparsely pubescent, femora clavate. Length 4.3 mm.; width 1.3 mm. Described from a unique female in the Wenzel collection, Ohio State University, labeled Davis Mountains, TEXAS, July 10, H. A. Wenzel, collector. This species is close to 0. constricticollc Schffr. However, it can be distinguished by the arrangement of the punctures and markings on the elytra. Mr. W. S. Fisher has kindly compared the specimen with the type of O. constricticolle Schffr. LEPTOSTYLUS BIUSTUS Lee. Adults reared from small branches of dead hackberry (Celt is mississippiensis Bosc.) col- lected at New Orleans, LOUISIANA. LEPTOSTYLUS KNULLI Fishr. Found breeding in pine slash at Hot Springs, ARKANSAS. LOCHMAEOCLES TESSELLAXus Thorns. This species breeds in dead trunks and branches of hackberry (Ccltis) and Acacia felicioides Carr. at Brownsville, TEXAS. The larvae work be- neath the bark and frequently enter the sapwood for pupation. The pupal cells are very roughly constructed and when the loose bark is removed most of the cells are exposed. The adults mature the latter part of May. HEMIERANA MARGINATA Fab. Found breeding in ironweed ( I'd'/ionia sp.) in Gillespie Co., TEXAS. Adults were present the latter part of May and they have the same girdling habit in egg-laying as the genus Obcrca. Obituary. We deeply regret to announce the deaths of two prominent entomologists : Prof. CYRUS R. CROSBY, of Cornell University, died at Ithaca, New York, January 11, 1937,. of a heart attack. Dr. ROBIN J. TILLYARD was killed in an automobile acci- dent, on January 13, 1937, according to a despatch from Syd- ney, Australia, published in the daily papers. xlviii, '37 j ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 43 Notes on the Distribution and Hosts of Some West- ern Thysanoptera. By STANLEY F. BAILEY, University of California. Since the previous paper published in this journal * by the author, additional records of western thrips have been accumu- lating which it seems advisable to bring together at this time. Unless otherwise designated, the collections were made by the author in California. 1. ERYTHROTHRIPS FASCICULATUS Moulton. J. J. duBois collected 22 females of this rather uncommon species on Adcn- ostoma fasciculatum on Bear Creek (Lake County), July 5, 1935. 2. OROTHRIPS KELLOGGII Moulton. Collected at Berkeley, Penryn, Cobb Mountain, Mt. St. Helena, Geyserville, and near Williams, rather commonly in the spring in manzanita and madrone flowers. Males seldom seen. 3. O. YOSEMITII Moulton. Like the above species, taken rather commonly in the spring on Ccanothus spp. and wild mus- tard. New localities include Vacaville, Penryn, Mt. Diablo, and Sequoia National Park. The males appear to be more common than those of kelloggii. 4. ANKOTHRIPS ROBUSTUS Crawford. Found frequently in the blossoms of Ccanothus and manzanita in the spring and early summer in Arroyo Seco, Lake and Colusa Counties, and on Mt. Tamalpais. 5. A. GRACILIS Moulton. Four males with numerous females were taken at Tujunga on Adenostoma fasciculatum on June 16, 1932. ( )n "chamise" at Bear Creek (Lake County). J. J. duBois collected 11 females on July 5, 1935. 6. A. YUCCAE Moulton. This species has previously been recorded only from the type locality (Riverside County) by Moulton when first described. Ten adults (4 males and 6 females) and hundreds of larvae were collected from blossoms of Yucca i\.'hipf>lci on July 3, 1935. at Flintridge ( Los Angeles County ) . *Suine Notes on California Thrips (Thysanoptera). Ent. News, Vol. 44:14-15, 1933. 44 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '37 7. AEOLOTHRIPS FASCIATUS (L.). This cosmopolitan species has heen taken at Sumner, Washington, on mallow, July 27, 1934, by Ralph Schopp and on gladiolus at Tacoma, Wash- ington, August 5, 1934, by C. F. Doucette. 8. A. KUWANAII var. CRUCIFER Hood. This variety (de- scribed 1935) has been taken at Davis on Ccanothns cyancits on July 5, 1931, (6 females) and at Penryn, on March 12, 1935, and on June 3, 1935, one female each on Ccanolluts cnneatits and lupine. 9. HELIOTHRIPS HAEMORRHOIDALIS (Bouche). Three addi- tional records of this greenhouse species being injurious out- of-doors may be given: K. D. Sloop collected specimens at Anaheim injuring verbenas, and leaf injury to toyon at Berke- ley and an ornamental shrub (undetermined) at Xapa has been observed. All three records are of September, 1935. D. C. Mote on January 11, 1934. found this species on azaleas at Eugene, Oregon. 10. HERCOTHRIPS FASCIATUS ( Perg. ).. This species, so in- jurious to beans in California, may now be recorded on beans and caragana from Powell, Wyoming. The office of the State Entomologist submitted specimens from that locality collected on September 4, 1935. 11. H. FEMORALIS (Renter). The sugar beet thrips can now be listed from Sumner, Washington, having been found in a greenhouse on Solatium sp. by Ralph Schopp on July 11, 1934. 12. CHIROTHRIPS ACULEATUS Bagnall. This European grain- infesting species has been found on pears at Marysville, June 4, 1931. (Determination: J. B. Steinvveden). Also we can list Rhododendron as a host at Berkeley on July 10, 1935, wheat at Davis on June 8, 1935 (both sexes), and yarrow at Napa on July 8, 1935. 13. LIMOTHRIPS ANGULICORNIS Jablon. The following new records for this species may be listed as follows: June 27, 1931 Davis Lactiicti scariolu. Oct. 22, 1931, Vernalis Under bark of grape vine. J. F. Lamiman. June 30, 1934, Concord Tomatoes. ( ). Whipple. January 21, 1935, Davis Under bark of apple. June 10, 1935, Davis Sweet corn. June 30, 1935, Near Irvine Under sycamore bark. August 25, 1935, xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 45 Davis Under sycamore bark. November (>. 1M35. Davis- Under apple bark. These data and other observations indicate that this species has only one or two generations in the spring and summer and hibernates beneath bark. 14. L. CEREALIUM (Haliday). This species, very injurious to grain in central and northern Europe, may now be recorded from California. Six females were collected in Right in resi- dence in Alhambra, June 6, 1932. Determination : J. D. Hood. 15. APTINOTHRIPS RUFUS (Gmelin). New locality and host records include the following: July, 1914, Berkeley, on dog fennel, by E. R. deOng; July 18, 1935, Sumner, Washington. on lily bulbs, by Ralph Schopp ; December 11, 1935, Davis, on dandelion. 16. SERICOTHRIPS VARIARILIS (Beach). This widespread North American Sericothrips mav further be known from Jackson, March 31, 1935, on Ccanothus; Mt. Diablo, April 12. 1935, on Ccanothus; Sequoia National Park, June 23, 1935, on Ccanothus; Davis, September 23, 1935, on grape leaves (by R. M. Bohart) ; Westley, September 6, 1935, on Asclcf>uis mcxicana, and Davis, November 25, 1935, on oak leaves (by R. M. Bohart). 17. SCIRTOTHRIPS CITRI (Moulton). This interior economic species has been found occurring on mountain balm 5 miles from Laguna Beach on June 30, 1935. 18. S. LONGIPENNIS (Bagnall). J. B. Steinweden collected several specimens on Begonia at San Francisco, September 25, 1935. 19. DREPANOTHRIPS REUTERI Uzel. ( )ne specimen was taken by R. M. Bohart at Davis, September 23, 1935, on grape leaves. 20. ANAPHOTHRIPS ZEAE Moulton. Like /.. angnlicornis, this species apparently overwinters under bark since G. L. Smith found one specimen in the hibernacula of the peach twig borer, Ytiba City, February 18, 1933, and the writer took a specimen beneath apple bark at Davis, January 21, 1935. large series was collected on sweet corn at Davis, June 10, 1935. 21. ODONTOTHRIPS LOTI Haliday. O. loti was found com- monly on lupine on Mt. St. Helena, April 10, 1935, and J. B. 46 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '37 Steinweden fin correspondence) reports this species taken on Alt. Ranier, Washington, during the summer of 1935, also on lupine. 22. SCOLOTHRIPS SEXMACULATUS (Perg.). This well-known predaceous species was observed in all stages throughout the summer of 1934, at Davis. They were feeding upon red spiders which were infesting hops grown in a greenhouse. Ad- ditional records of this species from California include the fol- lowing: July 17, 1929, Berkeley On Ccstniiit. J. F. Lamiman, August 18, 1932, Davis Corn. June 29, 1935, Costa Mesa- Beans. August 9, 1935, Shafter Cotton. August 31, 1935, Sacramento Bu.nts sp. September 23, 1935, Davis Grape leaves. 23. FRANKLINIELLA OCCIDENTALIS (Perg.). This is one of the most commonly encountered thrips in California and its distribution is now extended to Sumner, Washington, where it was collected by Ralph Schopp on ocean spray flowers, June 25, 1934, and to Powell, Wyoming, where Miss Greemvald found individuals on rabbit brush, alfalfa, and dahlia under date of September 25, 1935. 24. F. GOSSYPII (Morgan). Attention should be called to the finding of this species at Hemet, California, January, 1934, by H. J. Quayle (reported in Journ. EC. Ent., 28:1100, 1934) and H. L. McKenzie, on citrus. Determination: Moulton. 25. TAENIOTHRIPS INCONSEQUENS (Uzel). The pear thrips can now be recorded from Sumner, Washington, on cherry, May 24, 1933, and April 26, 1935, by Ralph Schopp, and from the following California localities: Davis, April 2, 1930, on pear by F. H. Wymore ; Kelseyville (Lake County) on pear, April 13, 1934, by C. E. Scott; Scott's Valley and Lakeport (Lake County), on March 25, 1935; Newcastle, April 2, 1935, on pear; Mt. St. Helena, April 10, 1935, on madrone. 26. T. EHRHORNII (Moulton). Four females of this very uncommon species, previously recorded only from Santa Clara County, were taken on July 2, 1935, at Encinitas on Chacnac- tis (jlabriuscula. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 27. T. SIMPLEX Morison (T. gladiolus M. and S.). The gladiolus thrips is known to occur in the following California countries: Alameda, Contra Costa, Humholdt. Los Angeles, Marin, Monterey, Napa, Orange, Sacramento, San Francisco, San Diego, San Joaquin, San Mateo, Santa Burhnra. Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Solano, Sonoma, Tehama, Ventura, and Yolo. It has been observed to pass the winter in the open both in the San Francisco Bay region and the Sacramento district. 28. THRIPS TABACI Lind. While the published records of the distribution of the onion thrips include almost every state, there appears to be none from Wyoming. Miss Greenwald of the State Entomologist's Office collected T. tabaci at Powell, Wyoming, on a large number of hosts, including onions, alfalfa, corn, beans, elm, cosmos, etc., between September 16 and 27, 1935. 29. T. TREHERNEI Pr. In the literature we find this species previously recorded only from British Columbia. We may now report it as having been taken at Sumner, Washington, on Sep- tember 3, 1932, by Ralph Schopp on dandelion, by A. J. Han- son, at Puyallup, Washington, on June 10, 1933, on dandelion, by Miss Greenwald on September 27, 1935, at Powell, Wyom- ing, on dandelion, cosmos, and caragana, and by R. M. Bohart at Davis, California, on December 13, 1935, on dandelion. 30. T. NIGROPILOSUS Uzel. The first record of this species in California is found in a letter from J. B. Steimvedcn to E. O. Essig under date of June 2, 1933. Steinweden collected many specimens in a greenhouse in San Francisco injuring gloxinia. Later collections extend its distributon and host range (in greenhouses) to chrysanthemums at Renton, Wash- ington, on October 3, 1935, by W. 1). Courtlier, and to asters at Berkeley on May 5, 1935. by H. Rex Thomas. 31. T. MGROPILOSUS f. BRACHVPTERA Uzel. The bnichyp- terous form has been collected by Ralph Schopp on chrysan- themum in a greenhouse at Sumner, Washington, January 9, 1935, and by the writer on dandelion at Davis, December 17, 1935. 48 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '37 32. T. MADRON 1 1 Moulton. The following new records may be listed for this species: August 13, 1929, Davis Dandelion. September 1, 1933, San Francisco Gladiolus. J. B. Stein- weden. April 24, 1934, San Francisco Hawthorne. J. B. Steinweden. April 4, 1935, Berkeley Madrone. April 17, 1935, Mt. Tamalpais Lupine. April 25, 1935, Mt. St. Helena Lupine. April 26, 1935, Tomales Bay Ceanothus L. J. Berry. May 9, 1935, Hayward Cow parsnip. June 16, 1935, Grass Valley "Wild snapdragon. J. J. duBois. July 8, 1935, Napa Wild sunflower. August 11, 1935, Meadow Valley- Monkey flower. E. O. Essig. October 6, 1935, Berkeley- Avocado. 33. MlCROCEPHALOTHRIPS ABDOMINALIS (Crawford). Oil August 31, 1931, this species was taken on zinnia at Colusa I State Dept. Agr.. Xo. 31932-B) at Sacramento on zinnia, September 24. 1934, and by Ralph Schopp on PIclciiiiiin sp. at Porter, Washington, on September 17, 1935. 34. POECILOTHRIPS ORNATUS (Hood). Wm. W. Baker col- lected this species under lichen on maple at Puyallup, Wash- ington, February 6, 1935. 35. RHYNCHOTHRIPS ILEX (Moulton). The distribution of the toyon thrips now includes the following California coun- ties : Alameda, Colusa, Contra Costa, Eldorado, Lake, Los An- geles, Marin, Mendocino, Xapa, Placer, Sacramento, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, San Benito, San Diego, San Francisco, San Mateo, Solano. Sonoma, and Yolo. 36. LIOTHRIPS VARICORNIS Hood. The so-called hollyhock thrips has been found at Laguna Beach on Mak'ustnun by E. O. Essig, July 1, 1921, and at Maxwell by S. B. Freeborn on hollyhock, April 27, 1926. At Davis adults have been taken all year on hollyhock, either on the roots, stems, or leaves. 37. L. VANEECKEI Pr. The lily thrips was first found in California in 1924 by H. S. Smith on lily bulbs in Los Angeles County (Watson, Fla. Ent., 8:29, 1924). On December 21, 1934, it was taken at Ukiah on lily bulbs ( Liliiini roczli) by N. G. Buhn (State Dept. Agr.. No. 34L51). xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 38. HAPLOTHRIPS FASCICULATUS (Crawford). Numerous specimens of both sexes gathered from wild buckwheat at Antioch on September 15, 1935, and October 6, 1935, by R. M. Bohart. 39. H. LEUCANTHEMI (Schrank). On plantain at Sumner, Washington, August 21, 1933, by W. D. Courtlier. 40. NEOHEEGERIA VERBASCI (Osb.). Common on mullein from the following localities : Sumner, Washington N T ov. 12, 1931. Ralph Schopp and Vancouver- -August 10, 1934, both in Washington. Natoma, February 4, 1935, Placerville, Febru- ary 5, 1935, Jackson, March 31, 1935. Penryn, all year. 41. LEPTOTHRIPS MALI (Fitch). The records here given are thought to be new for the "black hunter": October 21, 1929, Penryn plum. L. M. Smith. January 24, 1935, Geyserville Manzanita. April 10, 1935. Mt. St. Helena Madrone. April 19, 1935, Lodi Walnut. L. M. Smith. May 7, 1935, Fair- field Walnut. June 24, 1935, Yisalia Sycamore. July 1935, Vista Toyon. July 5, 1935, Bear Creek ( Lake County) Chamise. J. "j. duBois. August 10, 1935, Echo Lake- Tamarack. J. F. Lamiman. September 1, 1935, Calistoga- Walnut. All year, Davis Apple leaves (in summer) and under bark in winter. September 30, 1935, Powell, Wyoming. Miss Greenwald. 42. HOPLANDROTHRIPS ARMIGER (Jones). W. D. Butler COl- lected this species at Napa, May 28, 1929, on redwood (State Dept. Agr. No. 29211) and the writer took one specimen under bark of sycamore at Bakersfield on August 21, 1935. 43. KARNYOTHRIPS FLAVIPES (Jones). This thrips has been taken at Sacramento by C. Haenggi on sycamore, April 23, 1931 (State Dept. Agr. No. 31408). The writer has col- lected it all year at Sacramento under sycamore bark and in several additional localities: namely, Lodi, July 26, 1935, Bakersfield, August 21, 1935, Byron, September 15, 1935, and Berkeley, September 20, 1935.' 44. MEGATHRIPS HESPERUS (Moulton). (Comb. nov. by J. D. Hood in correspondence with the writer under date of October 14, 1935.) Approximately two dozen specimens were found on oak bark at Pasadena on June 9, 1932, by A. T. McClay and on May 20, 1935, at Fort Seward. H. J." Rayner collected one specimen by beating. 50 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '37 Six new Species of Graminella and Chlorotettix (Homoptera Cicadellidae) from the eastern United States. By DWIGHT M. BELONG, Dept. Zoology and Entomology, Ohio State University. Graminella mohri n. sp. In form and general appearance resembling T. pallidula Os- born, but smaller and with distinct genitalia. Length 2- 2.5 mm. Vertex bluntly angled, almost one-third wider between eyes than length at middle, elytra rather long and narrow. Color : Straw yellow without definite markings. Elytra vena- tion paler. Genitalia : 9 last ventral segment with lateral margins very short then obliquely produced inwardly to rounded lobes, be- tween which the posterior margin is concavely rounded to a median rounded and slightly produced tooth. Margin rather broadly embrowned either side. $ plates rather long and pointed, combined width at base a little more than length. Style long and narrow, basal narrow inner portion almost as long as apical half. Oedagus entirely different from that of pallidula. In ventral view bifurcate at apex, so as to form a pair of vertical plates. In lateral view with a rounded, bulbous apex then slightly constricted between this and a broader basal half. The lateral spines at apex are on dorsal portion. Type locality Erie, PENNSYLVANIA. Holot\pc male; allo- typc female and male and female paratypcs in author's collec- tion. Male and female paralyses in Illinois Xatural History Survey collection. Described from a large series of specimens from Presque Isle (Erie) Pa., collected by the author, July 4, and 21 ; August 1 and 29, and Sept. 5, 1919; a series from Clay County, KANSAS, collected August 1, 1906; a large series of specimens from Zion, ILLINOIS, collected July 25, 1 ( '.U. by Dr. T. II. Prison, Dr. H. H. Ross and the writer, and a large series of specimens collected from a sand prairie at Thompson, Illinois, June 30, 1935, by Dr. II. 1 1. Ross and the writer. This species occurs abundantly upon the sand plain of the margins of the Great Lakes and apparently it is widely distributed. It has been previously confused with pallidula. 1 take pleasure in xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 51 naming this species for Dr. Carl Mohr, who has given valuable assistance during the past two seasons in studies of the Cica- dellidae of Illinois. Grarrrnella oquaka n. sp. In form, size and coloration resembling pallid ula Osborn, but u-ith fainter markings and distinct genitalia. Length 2.5 and 2.7 mm. Vertex bluntly angled, about one-fourth wider between eyes than length at middle. Elytra longer than abdomen. Color dull yellowish, vertex with four black or brownish spots just above margin between ocelli. These are frequently very faint. Ocelli black. Veins of elytra pale. Genitalia : 9 last ventral segment with lateral margins ex- tending about half the length of the segment, then obliquely sloping to broadly rounded lobes between which the posterior margin is concavely rounded to a median slightly produced blunt tooth. $ plates rather broad and short, combined width at base greater than length, outer margins rather broadly, convexly, rounded at base then sloping to blunt apices. Styles only a little longer than broad, the basal narrow- inner portion short. Oedagus appearing similar to inohri but narrower and deeper cleft at apex in ventral view. In lateral view with a much larger apical portion broader and not constricted at base. Lat- eral spine at apex at ventral edge of oedagus. Described from a large series of male and female specimens collected at Oquaka, ILLINOIS, July 3, 1934, by Dr. H. H. Ross and the author, from bunch grass on a sand prairie, and a series of specimens collected at Thompson, Illinois, June 30, 1935, by the same collectors and from a similar habitat. This species is a Mississippi sand prairie form and might easily be mistaken superficially for pallidula. It can, however, be easily separated by the structures of the internal genitalia. Type locality Oquaka, ILLINOIS. Male holotypc, female allot y pc and male and female paratypes in the Illinois Natural History Survey Collection, Urbana, Illinois. Male and female paratypes in the author's collection. 52 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '37 Chlorolettix brevidus n. sp. Resembling uuicolor in general appearance but smaller darker green in color and with distinct male genitalia. Length 4.5 mm. Vertex broadly rounded, about three times as wide between eyes as length at middle. Color dark green tinged with yellow, veins of elytra espe- cially dark green. Genitalia : 9 last ventral segment almost twice as long as preceding. Posterior margin shallowly concave between a pair of broad, slightly produced lobes. Between the inner pair the segment is deeply notched more than one-third the distance to the base. The sides of the v-shaped notch are straight and the apex is embrowned. $ plates triangular, sharply angled at apices, a little longer than combined width at base. Ventral margins of ninth seg- ment not overlapping but forming a keel which is conspicuous caudal to the plates. Also the caudal notch in the pygofer near the posterior margin is shorter and more sharply notched at base than in the case of uuicolor. The oedagus is the same form and type as uuicolor but the terminal processes are pro- portionately shorter, in every case being conspicuously shorter than the basal portion of the oedagus. Type locality Thompson, ILLINOIS. Described from a series of four male and nine female specimens collected at Thomp- son, Illinois, July 8, 1934, by Dr. H. H. Ross and the author, one male specimen from Oak Lawn, Illinois, July 27, 1934, taken by the same collectors and one specimen from Zion, Illinois, collected July 25, 1934, by Dr. H. H. Prison, and the author. Male Iwlofyf>c, female allot yf^c and male and female paratypcs in the collection of the Illinois Natural History Sur- vey, Urbana, Illinois. Male and female puratypcs in the author's collection. Chlorotett'x obsenus n. sp. Resembling uuicolor in form and appearance but smaller and with distinct genitalia. Length 4.5 mm. Vertex broadly rounded but produced at middle about two thirds its length before anterior margins of the eyes. Xot quite three times as wide between the eyes as length at middle. Color pale green tinged with yellow. Genitalia: 9 last ventral segment more than twice as long xlviii, '37 j ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS as preceding. Lateral margins produced about two-thirds its length, then gradually obliquely sloping to form produced lobes of the last ventral segment, between which the margin is ex- cavated about one-third the distance to the base. The posterior margin is gently sloping to the central fourth which is more abruptly and almost concavely notched. The base of the broad v-shaped notch is embrowned. $ plates triangular, about as long as combined basal width, greatly exceeded in length by the pygofers. Oedagus in ventral view constricted at about two-thirds its length then bifurcate forming two slender terminal processes which are not more than half as long as the basal portion. In the case of umcolor these are as long as basal portion. Type locality Zion, ILLINOIS. Described from five male and five female specimens collected at Zion, Illinois, from grasses and sedges in a marsh habitat by Dr. T. H. Prison, Dr. H. H. Ross, and the author, and one male specimen from St. Anne, Illinois. July 20, 1934, by Dr. H. H. Ross and the author. Male holotype, female allotypc, and male and female paratypes in the Illinois Natural History Survey collection. Male and female paratypes in the author's collection. Chlorotettix filamenta n. sp. Resembling balli in general form and appearance but with distinct genitalia. Length 4 mm. Vertex produced, bluntly angled, twice as wide between eyes as medium length. Color green tinged with yellow, without darker markings. Genitalia : $ plates triangular, outer margins convexly rounded at base then concavely rounded before apices which are narrow but bluntly rounded. Combined width at base a little greater than length. Oedagus similar to that of balli in type, but differing by having the inner branch of each bifur- cate process at the apex at least twice as long as the corre- sponding branch in balli and the outer branch is at least four times as long as the corresponding portion in the case of balli. Type locality Marshall, ILLINOIS. Described from two male specimens collected at Marshall, Illinois, September 27, 1934, by Dr. T. H. Prison, and Dr. II. II. Ross, and one male speci- men collected at Havana, Illinois, August 30, 1917. Holotype and paratypc males are in the Illinois Natural History Survey collection, Urbana, Illinois Paratypc male in the author's col- lection. 54 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '37 Chlorotettix serrata n. sp. In coloration and general appearance resembling scntcllatiis Osborn, but \vitb more rounded head and distinct genitalia. Length 4 mm. Vertex rather broadly rounded, about three times as wide as length at middle. Pronotum more than twice as long as vertex. Ventro-caudal edge of pygofer with a row of conspicuous sa\v teeth. Color : Yellow with brown markings. Vertex with a trans- verse brown band between anterior margins of eyes sometimes interrupted at middle. A pair of dark spots on basal angles of scutellum visible as they extend anteriorly under the pronotum. Inner margin of claval area with a faint brown line. Genitalia : 9 last ventral segment rather long, posterior margins broadly rounded, deeply broadly notched at middle more than half way to base. $ plates longer than combined width at base, gently con- vexly rounding from base to apices which are acutely angled. Oedagus short, in lateral view thickened on basal two-thirds, apical third narrowed, curving abruptly clorsally and anteriorly. Another portion arises about the middle clorsally and extends anteriorly with the apex curved clorsally. Type locality Brownsville, TEXAS. Described from a series of four female specimens collected at Brownsville, Texas. No- vember 22, 1910, and Mission, Texas, December 4, 1910, and tw r o males collected at Tampico, MEXICO, December 29, 1908. Male holotype, female allot \[>c and female f>arat\f>cs in collec- tion of Illinois Natural History Survey, Urbana, Illinois. Male J ^ and female f>aralyf>cs in the outhor's collection. Prof. C. L. Metcalf, Chairman of Biological Sciences at Illinois. Professor C. L. METCALF, head of the department of ento- mology at the University of Illinois, has been appointed chair- man of the division of biological sciences, composed of the departments of bacteriology, botany, entomology, physiology, psychology and zoology. Science. Jan. 15, 1937. xlviii, '37 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 55 n to i rio logical Literature COMPILED BY V. S. L. PATE, LAURA S. MACKEY and E. T. CRESSON, JR. Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining; to the En- tomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and Myriopoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted; but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, whether relating 1o American or exotic species will be recorded. The figures within brackets [ ] refer to the journal in which the paper appeared, as numbered in the list of Periodicals and Serials published in our January and June issues. This list may be secured from the miD- lisher of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for lOc. The number of, or annual volume. and in some cases the part, heft, &c. the latter within ( ) follows; then the pagination follows the colon : All continued papers, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their first installments. (*) Papers containing new forms or names not so stated in titles, have an * within parentheses thus (*) following the pagination of reference to paper. (S) Papers pertaining exclusively to neotropical species, and not so indicated in the title, have the symbol (S) at the end of the title of the paper. For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Rec- ord, Office of Experiment Stations, Washington. Also Review of Applied Entomology, Series A, London. For records of papers on Medical Ento- mology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B. Note. Titles of papers containing new forms or new names will be Indicated by an asterisk within parentheses at end of reference, (*). Papers published in the Entomological News are not listed. GENERAL. Bromley, S. W. Methods and Technique : A dry killing bottle. [19] 31 : 215. Daniel, D. M Utilizing parasites in controlling the oriental fruit moth. (7] 29: 640-644. Felt, E. P. The relations of insects and plants in gall production. [7] 29: 694-700. Hendel, F. Obituary and bibliography by E. Lindner. [56] 15: 240-247. ill. Knight, H. H. Records of southern insect species moving northward during the drought years of 1930 and 1934. [7] 29: 578-580. Semenov "Tian-Shansky, A. In honor. By A. Avinoff. [7] 29: 557-560, ill. ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, ETC. Abbott, C. E. - Local irritation & olfactory response. [19] 31 : 203. On the chemical senses of spiders. [19] 31: 2-12-214. Breakey, E. P. Histological studies of the digestive system of the squash bug, Anasa tristis (Coreidae). [7] 29: 561-577, ill. Dickins, G. R. - - The scent glands of certain Phycitidae (Lepidoptera). [36] 85: 331-362, ill. Eastham, I. E. S.- The sensillae and related structures on the gills of nymphs of the gen. Caenis (Ephemeroptera). [36] 85: 401-414. ill. Eltrinsham, H. The insect eye. [107] P. 11: 115. Evans, A. C. The physiology of the sheep blow-fly. Lucilia sericata (Diptera). [36] 85: 363-378. Ferris & Murdock- Contributions to the knowledge of the Coccoidea. TTT. On certain dermal structures of the Pseudococcidae. [Micro- 56 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '37 entomology] 1: 115-122, ill. Ford, E. B. The genetics of Papilio darclanus ( Lepmoptera). [56] 85:435-466, ill. Hase- nian, L. Factors influencing the present predominance of insects on the globe. [Pro. Missouri Ac. Sci] 1 : 71-75 (Abst.). Haydak, M. H. Is wax a necessary constituent of the diet of wax moth larvae? [7] 29: 58l"-588. Heiss, E. M. A short-tailed larva of the genus Drosophila. |7| 29: 617-619, ill. Hilton, W. A. Nervous system and sense organs. LX. Insecta, Collembola. [13] 28: 65-73, ill. Ket- tisch, J. Zur Kenntnis der Morphologic und Oekologie cler Larve von Cricotopus trifasciatus (Dipt: Chironomidae). [56] 15: 248-263, ill. Mansbridge, G. H. A note on the re- sistance to prolonged cold of some insects of stored prod- ucts. [107] B, 11: 83-86. Masera, E. Jl ritmo del vaso pul- sante in relazione ai fenomeni respiratori e di accrescimento nel "Bombyx mori." [Ann. R. Staz. Bacalogica Sper. Pado- va] 48: 313-320, ill. Melinossi, R. Morfologia dell'apparto veiemfero degli imenotteri vulneranti. | Atli Soc. Toscana Sci. Nat.] 45 : 87-127. Munro, Fox, Wingneld, Simmonds- Oxygen consumption of mayfly nymphs in relation to avail- able oxygen. [31] 138: 1015. Park, T. -A note on the occurrence of a pupal abnormality in the flour beetle, Tri- bolium confusum. [91] 26: 543-545, ill. Roonwal, M. L.- Sexual dimorphism and postembryonic growth in Diale- urodes dissimilis (Hombptera). (Pro. Nat. Acad. Sci. India] 6: 197-203, ill. Scott, W. N. An experimental analysis of the factors governing the hour of emergence of adult insects from their pupae. [36] 85: 303-330. Sumner, R. Relation of gregarines to growth and longevity in the meal- worm, Tenebrio molitor. [7] 29: 645-648. Tirelli, M. - Spostamento del pigmento nelle cellule della sierosa durante la sviluppo embrionale nel "Bombvx mori." [Ann. \\. Staz. Bacologica Sper. Padova]. Studi di fisiologia dello svil- uppo nella nova ibride del "Bombyx mori." [Ann. R. Staz, Bacologica Sper. Padova]. Per la migliore conoscenza degli stadi embrionali tipici illustrati dal grandori nel "Bombyx mori." |Ann. A. Staz. Bacologica Sper. Padova | Le attuali conoscenze fisiologische sulla olometabolia degli insetti. [Ann. R. Staz. Bacologica Sper. Padova]. Studi SDerimentali sul meccanismo dell'eredita oo])lasmatica. [Ann. R. Staz Bac>l<>Hc<> Sper. Padova | 48: 1-11; 12-81; 85-102; 103-290; 291-312, ill. Wigglesworth & Gillett - The loss of water during ecdvsis in Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera). [107] B, 11: 104-107, ill. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS ARACHNIDA AND MYRIOPODA. -- Bryant, E. B. - Descriptions of some new species of Cuban spiders. |115J 10: 325-332, ill. Jacot, A. P. Three possible mite vectors of the Dutch elm disease. [7] 29: 627-<>35, ill. (*). McGregor, E. A. Two spinning- mites attacking the in- cense cedar in California. [7J 29: 770-775, ill. (*). de Mello- Leitao, C. Contribution a 1'etude ties Ctenides du Bresil. |Festschr. E. Strand, Riga] 1:1-31, 598-601, ill. (*). Duas novas aranhas do nordeste. [15] 8: 133-135, ill. Oudemans, A. C. Neues ueber Anystidae (Acarina). [52] 5: 364-446, ill. THE SMALLER ORDERS OF INSECTS. -- Claasen, P. W. New names for stonenies. [7] 29: 622-623. Elkins, W. A. - - The immature stages of some Minnesota Trich- optera. [7] 29: 656-681, ill. Ewing, H. E. Synonymy and synopsis of the genera of the order Protura. [95] 49: 156- 166. Glasgow, J. P. The bionomics of Hydropsyche colonica & H. philpotti (Trichoptera). [107] B, 11: 12 128. Hobby, B. M. - - Dragonflies and their prey. | 107] B. 11: 101-103. Hoffmann, 1 C. E. -- Notes on Climaciella brunnea var. occidentalis. (Mantis.). [19] 31: 202-203. Kennedy, C. H. Telebasis flammeola, T. carota & T. livida, new dragonflies from Ecuador (Odonata: Coen- agrion.) [7] 29: 804-815. ill. Russo, G. Contribute alia conoscenza, degli insetti della repubblica Dominicana (Antille). Nota su alcuni Tisanotteri. [Mem. Soc. Ent. Ital.] 15: 42-54, ill. Vayssiere, A. Etude anatomique des larves nymphales des Baetisca abesa et Carolina. [3] 17: 381-406, "ill. HEMIPTERA. Ball, E. D. - - New leafhoppers of the gen. Agalliopsis (Cicadell.). [7] 29: 649-650. Food plants of the U. S. forms of the leafhoppers of the gen. Agalliopsis (Cicadell.). [7] 29: 650-655. Some n. spp. of leafhoppers in groups formerly included in Thamnotettix (Cicadell.). [551 12: 192-195. "Some new Issidae with notes on others (Fulgoridae). [95] 49: 155-158. DeLong, D. M. The gen. Elymana in North America (Cicadell.). |7] ill. (*). DeLong & Beery. -- Studies of the gen. Scapho- ideus. (Cicadell.). TT. Nine n. N. A. spp. and descriptions of five male ullotypes. [43] 36: 334-342. ill. Flanders, -Two mealybugs of the gen. T'uto attacking citrus. 12: 196-197. Horvath, G. Monogranhia Pentatomidarum generis Bagrada. [Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungarici] 30: 22-47 58 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '37 (*). Knowlton & Smith. -- Descriptions of some rabbit brush and willow aphicls. [7] 29: 776-778, ill. (*). Palmer, M. A. --Additions and corrections to the "Aphidae of Colorado." [7] 29: 729-748. ill. Plummer, C. C.--New Membracidae from Mexico, with notes on other spp. [7] 29: 682-693, ill. Smith, L. M.-- Biology of mealy plum aphid, Hyalopterus pruni [Hilgardia] 10: 167-209, ill. Stehr & Farrell. Two Hemipterous enemies of the Mex- ican Bean Beetle in Ohio. [43] 36: 332-333. de la Torre- Bueno, J. R. Some food-plants of bugs. [19] 31 :208. LEPIDOPTERA. Bess, H. A. (See under Diptera). Corbet, A. S. The genera of Lycaenopsini (Lycaen.). [107] B, 5: 185-186. Cross, F. C. A n. form of Polygona hylas. [55] 12: 197. Forbes, W. T. M. The classification of the Thyatiridae. [7] 29: 779-803, ill. (*). Hall, A. The Butterflies of St. Kitts. [9] 69: 274-278 (*). Hoffmann, C. E. A population study of Cacoecia cerasivorana with special reference to its insect parasites (Tortric.). [19] 31: 209-211. Rocci, U. Una eccezionale anomalia alare in Zygaena. [27] 68: 142-143, ill. Jordan, K. On some fe- males of Troides with male colouration (Papilio.). [107] B, 11: 81-82. Meiners, E. P. The dimorphic blue female of Everes comyntas (Lycaen.). [7] 29: 620-621. de la Torre, R. Sobre una nueva forma del Papilio andraemon. [115] 10: 333-334. ill. (S). Umeya, Y. -Inheritance of abnormal genitalia of the male moth in Bombyx mori. [Jour. Coll. Agr. Tokyo Imp. Univ.] 14: 11-30, ill." DIPTERA. Adams, C. F. A preliminary report on the ("niicidae of Missouri. [Pro. Missouri Ac. Sci.] 1 : 77-80. Alexander, C. P. N. spp. of crane flies from South Amer- ica. Pt. 7. [7] 29: 749-769. Bess, H. A. The biology of Leschenaultia exul, a Tachinid parasite of Malacosoma americana and M. disstria. [7] 29: 593-613, ill. da Costa Lima, A. Dois novos insectos de Xanthium [Tephrites, Dipt. Habrocytus, Hym.]. [15] 8: 157-161. ill. Hennig, W. Revision der Tyliden. II. Teil : Die ausseramerikan- ischen Taeniopterinae. die Trepidarinae und Tylinae. All- gemeines uber die Tyliden. [56] 15: 201-239, ill. (*). James, M. T. Some evolutionary trends in the Stratiomyidae. [7] 29: 624-626. Philip, C. B. Notes on certain male's of North American Horseflies (Taban.). [19] 31: 189-197. Sabrosky, C. W. A synopsis of the Nearctic spp. of Oscinella and Madiza, based on a study of the types (Chlorop.). [7] 29: xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 59 707-728. Schwardt, H. H. Variations of seasonal cycle in the genus Tabanus. [7] 29: 589-592. Sellke, K. Biolo- gische uncl morphologische studien an schadlichen wiesen- schnaken (Tipulidae). [94] 148: 465-555, ill. Shaw & Townes. A preliminary report of the Mycetophilidae of N. & S. Carolina. [19] 31: 204-208. Tjeder, B. Contribu- tions to the knowledge of Forcipomyia ec|ues i c Vratopo- gon.). [51 j 16: 85-88, ill. Wilcox, J.--Asilidae new otherwise, from the Southwest, with a key to the gen. Stichopogon. [55] 12: 201-212. COLEOPTERA. Blaisdell, F. E. Notes on Eleodes letcheri and rileyi (Tenebrio.). [55] 12: 183. Studies in Melyridae, No. 1*1. [55] 12: 184-190, ill. Chagnon, G. Un Coleoptere europeen signale dans 1'Est du Canada. Staphy- linus globulifer. [98] ^63: 265. Fall, H. C. On certain species of Cantharis (Telephorus) (Canthar.). [55] 12: 179-183, (*). Fisher, W. S. New buprestid and ceramby- cid beetles from Cuba. [115] 10: 343-348. Gobeil, A. R.- The biology of Ips pertubatus (Scolyt.). [Can. J- Res.] 14, Sec. D: 181-204. ill. Hatch, M. H. Studies on Pterostichus (Carab.). [7] 29: 701-706, (*). Hinton, H. E. Descrip- tions of n. gen. and spp. of Dryopidae. [36] 85: 415-434, ill. Descriptions and figures of new Brazilian Dryopidae. [9] 69: 283-289. Horn, W. Spedizione del Prof. Nello Beccari nella Guiana inglese, 1931-32: Cicinclelidae. [27] 68: 143. ill. Konig, W. Biologische studien ueber Pitinus tectus. [94] 148: 556-599, ill. Lange, W. H. Peritelopsis globiventris infesting roots of the globe artichoke. [55] 12: 195. Lins- ley, E. Observations on the habits of some western longi- corn beetles (Cerambyc.). [55] 12: 199-200. Obenberger, J. Eine festarbeit zum sechzigjahrigen jubilaum (Bupres tiden). [Festschr. E. Strand, Riga] 1: 97-145. (*). Saylor, L. W. Three new neotropical Melolonthids (Scarab.). [13] 28: 62-64, ill. Stehr & Farrell. (See under Hemip- tera.) Szekessy, V. Ueber die sogenannten ocellen der silphidengattung Pteroloma. [Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungarici] 30: 48-49. Van' Dyke, E. C. Change of Name (Curculion. : Brachyrhininae). [55] 12: 191. (*). Another destructive death watch beetle (Anobi.). [55] 12: 178. Zimmerman, E. C. Brachytarsus in California (Anthrib.). [55] 12 HYMENOPTERA. Abbott, C. E. Microbembes and Chrysopa (Sphec.). [19] 31: 197. Blanchard, E. E. - 60 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '37 Descripcion de Icneumonoideos Argentines. [106] 122 398-407, ill. (*). Bugbee, R. An unusual nesting- colony of Polistes fuscatus. [7] 29:614-616. Chagnon, G. Une fourmi ponerine nouvelle pour le Quebec. [98] 63: 266. da Costa Lima, A. ( See under Diptera.) Fitzgerald, D. V. Nesting habits of Trypoxylon from Trinidad (Sphec.). [107] B, 11 : 111-115. ill. Kerrich, G. J. Notes on larviposition in Poly- blastus (Ichneumon.: Tryphoninae). [107] B, 11: 108-110, ill. Kinsey, A. C. The origin of higher categories in Cy- nips. [Tncl. Univ. Publ.. Sci. Ser.] No. 4, 334 pp., ill. (*). Marechal, P. Ethologie des Trypoxylon et observations sur T. attenuatum (Sphec.). [33] 76: 373-396, ill. Mich- ener, C. D. On certain Halictidae from Northern Califor- nia. [55] 12: 165-172 (*). Nielsen, E. The biology of Homonotus sanguinolentus ('Pompil.). [102] 19: 385-404, ill. Pate, V. S. L. Studies in the Nyssonine Wasps. II. The subgenera of Sphecius (Sphec.: Gorytini). [19] 31: 198-200. (*). Ross, H. H. The sawfly genus Empria in North America (Tenthred.). [55] 12": 172-178. ill. (*). Sandeman, R. G. C. C. Notes on the habits of Yespa vul- garis and V. germanica (Vesp.). [107] B, 11: 88-90. von Schulthess-Schindler, A. Die Ausbeute der Deutschen Chaco-Expedition 1925-26. Hymenoptera I. Vespidae ('Vespinae et Eumenidinae). [56] 15: 176-179. von Szeten- yi, G. - Beitrage zur kenntnis der palaarktischen Callicera- tiden (Proct.). [Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungarici] 30: 50-66, ill. SPECIAL NOTICES. Neubearbeitung der Interna- tionalen Regeln der Zoologischen Nomenklatur, zwecks Erzielung" einer eindeutigen, moglichst rationellen, einheit- lichen und stabilen Benennung der Tiere von der Nomen- klaturkommission des Verbandes Deutschsprachlicher Entomologen-Vereine der Internationale!! Nomenklatur- kommission und dem Internationalen Zoologenkongress vorgeschlagen. von F. Poche [56] 15: 264-320. Studies on the embryology of the African migratory locust, Locusta migratoria migratorioides. I. The early development, with a new theorv of multi-phased gastrulation among insects. By M. L. Roomval. [Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London] (B), 226: 391-421, ill. The Tsetse Flies of East Africa. A fur- ther study of their ecology, with a view to their control. [36] 84:'xxxvi + 579 pp., ill., 7 maps. By C. F. M. Swynnerton. EXCHANGES This column is intended only for wants and exchanges, not for advertisements of goods for sale or services rendered. Notices not exceeding three lines free to subscribers. These notices are continued as long as our limited space will allow; the new ones are adHed at the end of the column, and, only when necessary those at the top (being longest in) are discontinued. Wanted Collectors desiring living pupae with cocoon attached to natural food plant of Michigan, Samia, Columbia or hybrid with S. Cecropia, write W. S. McAlpine, 575 Townsend St., Birmingham, Mich. Wanted North American Clmrs'didae for exchange or determina- tion, with privilege of retaining duplicates. W. G. Ronly one "per- fect performance" has been seen. On July 31. 1934, at a lake near Huntingburg, Indiana, T saw a female tcncra ovipositing by striking the tip of her abdomen against a small water-soaked stick which extended a few inches above the surface of the water. She remained near the stick and within a few inches of the surface of the water during the time that she was under observation. Successive "dips" were made from a height of three or four inches. The completion of each dip took the female to a corresponding altitude on the opposite side of the stick, where she turned and began another descent. The tip of the abdomen was struck against the stick at or near the surface of the water. This stick was later removed for examination and found to be covered with a gelatinous mass of about one-fourth inch thickness along that part of its length which had been near the surface of the water, extending from slightly above this point to approxi- mately two inches below. After the insect had been observed for a few minutes, she was captured. When she was held by the wings and her abdomen struck against the surface of water, a mass of eggs was released. This mass dropped through the water for a short distance perhaps, an inch or two then "exploded," scattering the individual eggs over a comparatively large area. This was repeated several times ; the mass of eggs released each time became smaller and smaller until each ap- peared to consist of only two or three eggs. However, all of the masses, even those consisting of only two eggs, "exploded". Oviposition by this species has been observed on several other occasions during the past two summers but no other ovipositing female was captured for closer observation. In no case was xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 63 the female accompanied by a male during oviposition. Some- times the eggs were deposited by striking the tip of the abdomen against bits of floating algae or pieces of sticks and stems extending from the water, sometimes by striking the abdomen against the surface of small pools of water in lily leaves, or in hoof prints along the margin of a pond. I have never been able to make close enough observation to determine if the "explosion" occurs when the egg mass is deposited in this manner. Many females of this species 'which were not ovipositing when captured have been induced to extrude masses of eggs by striking the abdomen against the surface of water. However, none of these masses ''exploded," although the eggs separated readily after being in water a short time. Sometime ago I discovered in the field notes turned over to me by Mr. Williamson a short time before his death, a record of his (first?) observation of this phenomenon. It was made at Viberg Lake, Allen County, Indiana, August 14, 1921, and is recorded as follows: "Female oviposits unattended by male. Female was held until bunch of eggs extruded; abdomen was touched to water. Bunch of eggs sank an inch or two and burst, scattering eggs widely." Females of other libelluline genera common in Indiana (Sympetruin, Celithcinis, Lihclliila) captured in the act of ovi- positing were tested in the same manner. Egg masses usually were secured by striking the abdomen against the surface of water but none of these "exploded." Notes and Descriptions of West American Ceramby- cidae (Coleoptera). III. 1 By E. GORTON LiNSLEY, 2 University of California, Berkeley, California. 1 The previous papers in this series appeared in Entom. News, 1934, 65:161-165, 181-185, and 1935, 66:161-166. " The writer is indebted to Mr. W. S. Fisher for examination of the two forms described below as new genera and for comparison of these with material in the collection of the United States National Museum and to Dr. Edwin C. Van Dyke, Air. A. T. McClay, and Mr. H. L. McKenzie for the privilege of studying material from their collections. 64 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS | Mai'.. '37 Methia juniperi new species. c? : small, short, dark piceous, sparsely clothed with short. fine, suherect hairs : antennae piceous ; elytra pale testaceous. Head transverse, width across eyes as great as that of prono- tum across middle ; surface coarsely, moderately closely punc- tate ; eyes convex, separated above ( ) by more than the diam- eter of the antennal scape ; antennae slender, moderately pubes- cent, two-thirds as long again as the body ( $ ) ; scape sub- conical, without trace of an apical tooth. Pronotum a little wider than long, sides rounded, base only very feebly constricted ; surface finely, closely punctured, sparsely clothed with moderately long, recumbent pubescence. Klytra about twice as long as broad, much shorter than the body and attaining only basal portion of second abdominal segment ; sides gradually narrowed to apical one-third; apices separately rounded, a little dehiscent. Legs slender, moderately finely punctured, clothed with long, suberect. pale hairs: tarsi slender. first segment of posterior pair subequal in length to second and third together. Ventral surface finely punctured, sparsely clothed with pale, suberect hairs. Length Cimiii., breadth 1.3mm. Holotypc male (No. 4150 Calif. Acad. Sci. Ent.), from Palmdale, Mojave Desert, CALIFORNIA. November 21. T'35, reared from Jitiiipcrns califnniica by Mr. A. T. McClay. who very kindly submitted the specimen to me for study. The type was reared from twigs which had been girdled by the larvae- of Styloxus bicolor Ch.&Kn. This species is related to M. acstiva P"all, but may be readilv separated by the greatly abbreviated elytra which attain only the second abdominal segment, the absence of a tooth at the apex of the antennal scape, the uniformly punctured pronotum which is wider than long, the dark color of the head, thorax. and abdomen, and the short, sparse pubescence of the antennae and upper surface. From falli Martin, which it resembles in general form, it may be distinguished by the widely separated eyes on the vertex ( $ ), narrowly rounded and dehiscent elytra! apices, and by the difference in color. The species of Methia are nearly all rare in collections. M. mormona Linell (1896), the earliest described of our western xlviii. \VJ ENTOMOLOGICAL XEWS species, appears to lie the most widely distributed and abundant. It occurs throughout the Great Basin area and exhibits con- siderable variation in size and coloration in various portions of its range. A small series sent to the writer from Globe, Ari- xona by Mr. Frank Parker, differs from the typical form in being pale testaceous rather than dark brownish piceous, and the elytra are without ornamentation. This pale form appears to be merely a color variety and examples were captured along with typical specimens. M. acstiva Fall (1907) and M. tirisou- ica Schffr. (1908) are probably represented in collections by less than two dozen examples each. M. falli Martin (1920) is known at present only by the type. M. brcvis Fall (1929) was likewise described from a unique but a second example has been recorded from Lower California. 3 In the writer's col- lection are three additional males from San Diego County, California, and what appears to be a female of this species from Claremont, California. The latter is stouter and more robust than the males, and the elytra are ornamented with pale vittae. PSEUDOMETHIA, new genus. Head transverse ; labrum ciliate with long fine hairs : palpi very unequal in length, the maxillary longer, last segment sub- cylindrical, apex truncate; eyes very large, convex, coarsely faceted, emarginate ; antennal tubercles not strongly elevated, separated by a narrow furrow on vertex; antennae longer than the body, basal segments rather stout, segments three to five very finely, feebly carinate ; scape subconical, more than twice as long as broad, second segment wider than long, about one- fourth the length of the scape, third segment not quite as long as scape, enlarged apically, fourth segment about one-fourth longer than third, subcylindrical, fifth, sixth, and seventh seg- ments subequal in length, about twice as long as scape, remain- ing segments becoming a little shorter and more slender to the apex. Pronotum about as long as broad, sides with an obtuse, con- :i Linsley, E. G., Studies in the Cerambycidae of Lozt'cr California, Pan-Pacific Ent. 10:59, 1934. 66 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '37 ical, lateral tubercle a little behind the middle. Elytra abbrevi- ated, not attaining apex of first abdominal segment; apices separately rounded. Legs slender; anterior femora feebly clavate, middle and posterior pairs slender ; tarsi elongate, nar- row, first segment of posterior pair much longer than second and third segments together. Anterior coxae prominent, con- ical, cavities large, confluent, angulated externally, open behind ; middle coxal cavities open externally. Abdomen with six visible segments ; sixth ventral segment of male excavated at apex. Genotype: Pseudwmethia arida n. sp. This genus is based upon a species which diverges markedly in the structure and proportions of the antennae from other known Methiini, but which seems better placed in this tribe than in any other described group. In the previously known Methiini the antennae are very long and slender (usually about twice as long as the body in the male, a little longer than the body in the female), with the segments narrow and rather uniform in width, the second very small, often scarcely visible, the third segment longer than either the scape or following segments. In the present genus the basal antennal segments are stout, the antennae but little longer than the body in the male, the second segment large and conspicuous, the third seg- ment shorter than either the scape or fourth segment and slightly enlarged at the apex, and segments three to five very finely and feebly carinate.* The posterior tarsi (which are short in other Methiini) are very long and slender, distinctly more than half as long as the tibiae, and the pronotum is armed laterally with an obtuse, conical tubercle. Pseudomethia arida new species (fig). $ : small, slender, brownish, testaceous. Head sparsely clothed with short, fine, pale hairs ; vertex coarsely punctured with numerous small punctures intermixed; eyes separated on vertex by approximately the diameter of the antennal scape, less widely separated below ; antennae sparsely clothed with very short, fine pubescence and with one or two long setae at apex of segments. Pronotum moderately punctured, clothed * These carinae are visible only under low power magnification. xlviii, '37 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 67 with short, fine, suberect, pale hairs intermixed with scattered, long, erect setae. Elytra somewhat granulate-punctate, surface clothed with short, suberect, sparse pubescence. Legs more densely clothed with long flying hairs. Ventral surface shin- ing; abdomen very finely, sparsely, punctured and pubescent. Length 7mm., breadth 1.3mm. Holotypc male (No. 4161 Calif. Acad. Sci. Ent.), taken from Simmondsia calif arnica, in the desert about ten miles Pseudomethia arida n. sp. west of Indio, CALIFORNIA, on September 9, 1935, by Mr. Howard L. McKenzie, to whom the writer is indebted for the specimen. A small, uniformly brownish species, somewhat suggestive of n Afcthia but readily distinguishable by the generic char- acters. GYMNOPSYRA, new genus. Head short, transverse; eyes coarsely granulated, emarginate; labrtim transverse, ciliate ; palpi short, antennal tubercles de- pressed, contiguous ; antennae eleven-segmented, stout, shorter 68 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '37 than the body ( 9 ), segments three to seven with a stout spine at the apex, three to ten ciliate at apex; scape stout, slightly conical, about as long as segments two and three together; second segment a little longer than broad, third segment about four times as long as second, fourth segment about one-fourth shorter than third, segments five, six, and seven subequal in length to third, remaining segments slightly shorter, more slender, except eleventh which is longer than tenth. Pronotum a little broader than long, sides rounded. Scutel- lum transverse, subtriangular. Elytra about three times as long as broad, parallel-sided; apices rotundate-truncate. Legs slender; femora not clavate ; tibiae carinate ; tarsi with first segment of posterior pair subequal to two following together. Prosternum narrow between the coxae ; anterior coxae globular, cavities feebly angulated ; mesosternum broad between the coxae, separating them by about twice the distance between the anterior coxae ; middle coxae globular, cavities closed externally. Genotype : Gymnopsyra phoracanthoides n. sp. A genus apparently related to Psyrassa and Stcii-osplicnns but differing from these in the non-carinate antennae, rotundate rather than emarginate or spinose elytral apices, and the rounded, coarsely sculptured pronotum (in Psyrassa the pro- notum is cylindrical, in Stenosphenus wedge-shaped, in both genera usually sparsely punctured and shining). The spine on the third antennal segment is moderate as in Stcnosf>liciins and the elytral punctation is of the Stenosphenus type (the punc- tures coarse and dense in the basal area and becoming very much finer, sparser apically). Gymnopsyra phoracanthoides new species. 5 : elongate, piceous, shining, sparsely clothed with very short, fine hairs; antennae and legs rufo-piceous. Head coarsely, moderately closely punctured. Pronotum very coarsely, dense! v punctured, the punctures tending to become confluent; disc with a small, smooth, median polished area. Scutellum finely punc- tured, finely pubescent along apical margin. Elytra very coarsely punctured at base, the punctures becoming much finer, sparser apically. Prosternum coarsely punctured, anteriorly transversely rugose. Mesosternum coarsely, closely punctured. xlviii, '37| ENTOMOLOGICAL X FAYS 69 Metasternum and abdomen more sparsely and less coarsely punctured, sparsely clothed with pale, suherect hairs. Fifth ventral abdominal segment truncate at apex ( 9 ). Length 12 mm., breadth 3 mm. H\olot\pc female (No. 4152 Calif. Acad. Sci. Km.) from Glen Ranch, Alpine, TEXAS, 1926, O. C. Poling collector (Van Dyke Collection, Calif. Academy of Sciences). . . The Membracidae of Nebraska (Homoptera). By HAROLD C. JOXES, Berry College, Mount Berry, Georgia. The investigation summarized in this paper is concerned with the tree-hoppers found in Nebraska by associates of the University of Nebraska during the half century preceding 1933. Data are offered regarding abundance, geographic and seasonal occurrence and host relations. The writer has studied the membracids in the collection of the University of Nebraska, Department of Entomology, and has made special field studies during the years 1932 and 1933. Many specimens, with perti- nent data, were collected during a trip through the peripheral counties of Nebraska in the summer of 1932. The nomenclature and arrangement of species herein used follows that of W. D. Funkhouser's General Catalogue (1927). Of the fifty genera and one hundred eighty-five species listed by Funkhouser as occurring within the United States, the Nebraska fauna includes eighteen genera with forty species and six varieties. The species verified by a specialist, Dr. E. D. Ball, Economic Zoologist of the Arizona Agricultural Experi- ment Station, are succeeded by the symbol (B). The author gratefully acknowledges the valuable- assistance of Dr. Ball, as well as that of Professors M. H. Swenk, D. B. Whelan and Raymond Roberts of the University of Nebraska. CAMPYLEXCIIIA LATIPES (Say) (B). Of general distribu- tion; collected from May 20 to September 25, most commonly in July. This is the most abundant treehopper in the state, being represented by about 400 specimens in the collection. Alfalfa is the favorite host and is at times reported damaged by this insect. The wide variety of hosts includes: oak. snow- berry (Symphoricarpos spp.), rose; and more than 20 herba- ceous species, of which alfalfa, sweet clovers, ragweeds and 70 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '37 goldenrod are the most frequent. ENCHENOPA BINOTATA (Say). Collected from the northern more wooded parts of Nebraska: Cass, Lancaster, Rock, Keya Paha, Dawes and Sioux Counties, June 29 to July 25 ; 36 speci- mens of each sex. Hosts: bittersweet (Cclustnis scuudcns), oak, ash. hickory, and but one herb, ragweed. ACUTALIS TARTAREA Say. A single male specimen, collected at Plattsmouth, Cass County, July 3. Miss Branch (1914) reported giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida) as the host of this species in Kansas. MICRUTALIS CALVA (Say) (B). The smallest treehopper of our region. It is often abundant on iromveed in moist pastures. Collected, June 5 to November 27, in Douglas, Cum- ing, Pawnee, Lancaster, Jefferson, Nuckolls, Franklin and Marian Counties, Nebraska. Seventy females and twenty-five males. Hosts: Ironweed (Vernonia baldwinfy, honey locust, sand-bar willow, Canada Heabane (Leptilon sp. ) . alfalfa. Euphorbia marginata, wild hemp (Cannabis sp. ), and common sunflower. M. CALVA var. No. 9, Ball and Stone Monograph (MSS). (B). A very pale color variety. Taken in Lancaster, Jeffer- son and Harlan counties; July 28 to September 27. Not common. STICTOCEPHALA COLLINA \"an Duzee (B). Rare in Ne- braska, taken in only the extreme western counties. The records are previous to 1909. Two females were collected in Monroe Canyon and a male in the "Badlands," both locations in Sioux County, 1908. Dr. Ball reports having taken a female of this species at Kimball, Kimball County. These few indi- viduals were collected during August 2 to 12. S. FESTINA (Say). One specimen, a male, collected at Omaha, Douglas County, Nebraska, November 8, seems to be of this species. It is known from the four bordering states, Iowa, Missouri, Kansas and Colorado. S. INERMIS (Fabricius) (B). A common species of wide distribution. In Nebraska it has been taken in Dixon, Douglas, Cass, Lancaster, Gage, Colfax, Webster, Antelope, Rock, Keya Paha, Cherry and Sioux counties. The 68 females and 69 males in the collection were taken during June to mid-August. Host plants include eleven species of herbs, of which grass, bush morning glory, prairie clover, wild hem]) and sunflower are most frequent, also such shrubs as snowberry. bittersweet and rose, and trees ; willows and oak. S. LUTEA (Walker) (B). Taken from willow and grass in xlviii, '37 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 71 Cuming, Lancaster. Keya Paha, Brown and Dawes counties during the season May 17 to July 9. 25 $ and 9 , specimens collected. CERESA BOREALIS Fairmaire (B). Chiefly northern, taken from Rock, Holt, Burt, Cass, Cuming, Lancaster, Gage, Paw- nee, Keya Paha, Cheyenne and Dawes counties during the period from July 3 to August 17. It prefers the moist wooded areas favoring its hosts: wild hemp, alfalfa, Psoralca sp., giant ragweed, common ragweed, Canada anemone, prairie clover, snowberry, smooth sumac, elderberry, apple, elm and oak. 49 5 , 115 6 . C. brcvicornis Fitch is a synonym. C. BREVIS Walker (B). One specimen collected on low prairie, near Lincoln, Nebraska, July 19, 1928, by Professor Whelan has been identified as of this species by Dr. Ball. The species is catalogued by Dr. Funkhouser as occurring only farther east, in Kentucky and New York. C. BUP.ALUS (Fabricius) (B). The widespread and abund- ant "buffalo tree hopper." It occurs throughout the state. 211 $, 158 9 specimens of the collection were taken from June 24 to October 8. Alfalfa is preferred ; wild hemp and ragweed are favorites among the remaining twenty-three herbaceous hosts. Seven tree species and five shrub species serve as hosts. C. CONSTANS (Walker) (B). Three specimens, Rock and Keya Paha counties, collected from July 24 to August 12. on ragweed (Ambrosia}. Van Duzee records basswood (Tilia sp.) as a host of this species. C. DICEROS (Say) (B). Prefers wooded parts of the state. The 29 $ and 19 9 were taken from Cass, Burt, Dakota. Cuming, Lancaster, Gage, and in the west, Dawes and Sioux counties. Hosts : elderberry and grape. Nymphs have been taken from strawberry. Seasonal range : July 3 to August 10. C. TAURINA Fitch (B). A common species, widely dis- tributed in Nebraska. It prefers the undergrowth in wooded areas. Hosts include ragweed, alfalfa, wild hemp, white sweet clover, millet and knotweed (Polygonum sp.) ; snowberry and elderberry ; apple, willows, white elm and oak. Seasonal occur- rence : July 1 to October 7. C. VITULUS (Fabricius) (B). One female each from West Point, Niobrara and Hogans Bridge, north central Nebraska ; mid- July to early August. CARYNOTA MERA (Say) (B). One female, from Lincoln. August 8, on Ironweed. THELTA UHLERI Stal. (B). Two males, one from Lincoln. 72 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Alar., '37 July 14, and one from Glen, Sioux County, August 10. Wild Plum is the host. GLOSSONOTUS CNIVITTATUS (Harr.) (!>) A male and a female, collected June 8 and 24, respectively, at Springview Bridge, Brown County ; on oak. G. TURRICULATUS (Emmons). In his monograph on the Telamonini Dr. Ball reports having examined material of this species from Nebraska. Hawthorn (Cratacyus sp. ) is the host. G. CRATAEGI (Fitch). Dr. Funkhouser credits L. Bruner with determination of this species from Nebraska. Xo speci- mens in the collection. HELIRIA GIBBERATA Hall. A female of this species (speci- men now in the ( )sborn collection) is recorded by Kail troni Lincoln, Nebraska, on llackbern. PALONICA PYRAMIDATA (L'bl.) (11). A female from ( hnaha and a male from Cams. Keya 1 'aha County, taken on July 25. represent this species for Nebraska. Dr. Hall notes that he has taken this species in abundance on black willow wherever he has collected. A single specimen of the variety dcclirata is recorded by Ball, collected by Uarber in northwest Nebraska. This is an arbitrary variety and occurs everywhere with the typical Palonica pyraniidata. P. VIRIDIA Ball (B). A specimen taken at Lincoln, in hiber- nation on cottonwood, was determined some years ago by Ball as Tclamona viridia,. The usual host is cottonwood (Populits dcltoidcs). TELAMONA AMPELOPSIDIS (Harris) (B). Dr. Ball has de- termined a specimen of this species taken in Nebraska by W. D. Pierce. Five other female specimens of the species in the University collection, taken on Virginia Creeper at Whitney, Dawes County, are dated from July 20 to August 4. T. COMPACTA Ball (B). A single specimen taken at West Point, Cuming County, in June, represents this species in the Collection. T. MACULATA Van Duzee. This species is recorded by Ball as having been collected in Nebraska by W. D. Pierce, on bur oak. T. MONTICOLA (Fabricius) (B). A female specimen in the University collection has been determined by Ball as T. querci Fitch, a synonym of T. nionticoht- (Fabricius). This specimen is from Springview Bridge. June 16. A second female in the collection, from the same place, dates June 20. T. RECLIVATA Fitch (B). A female from Springview I -5 ridge and two females from West Point, the three collected 3/ | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS /.I late June, bear Dr. Ball's identification as belonging to this species. Oaks are the usual hosts. T. WESTCOTTJ Coding (B). One female, taken at Glen, Sioux County, August 15. Bur oak is the favorite host. ARCH ASIA GALEATA (Fabricius) (B). Three females, two from Springview Bridge, June 16, and one from Lincoln, July 1 1 . Hosts : oak. ATYMNA QTJERCI. (Fitch) (B). Thirteen females have been taken at Cams and Springview Bridge, during season from June 16 to July 28, on oak. CYRTOLOBUS FULIGINOSUS (Emmons.) var. undet. Ball, male collected at Crete, Saline County, May 21, 1932, by Miss D. M. Johnson, has been identified by Dr. Ball as a variety of C. fuliginosiis. C. MACULIFRONTIS (Emmons). (B). Taken at Ulysses, Butler County, at West Point, and at Cams and Springview Bridge, June 16 to August 12. 150 9 , 75 $ , mostly from oak. C. VAU (Say) (B). A common species on oak. Taken at Cams, Keya Paha County, Springview Bridge, Brown County, and at West Point. Cuming County, June 16 to July 16. 44 , 16 9 . C. VAU, var. INERMIS Emmons (B). Possibly a common variety, but easily confused with C. niaculifrontis. Three fe- males, taken at Cams and Springview Bridge, June 17 to 20. have been determined by Dr. Ball as probably of this variety. VANDUZEA VESTITA Coding (B). Found generally over the state, except in the Northwest, on a variety of herbs, shrubs and trees ; wild indigo and snowberry are the most frequent hosts. Seasonal range: July 16 to August 23. ENTYLIA CARINATA Forest. (B). Two males, taken at Weeping Water, Cass County, September 24. E. CONCISA Walker (B). An uncommon but gregarious species. Found at Nebraska City, Otoe County, and at the Nebraska Fisheries, Sarpy County. 30 9 were collected on thistle (Cardnus undnlatns*), apparently ovipositing. May 27. Dr. Ball opines that E. carinala Forest is the correct name for the entire group, and that the other names (E. concisa, etc.) should be relegated to varietal positions. PUBLILIA CONCAVA (Say) (B). Nebraska City, north and west to Cams, May 12 to September 25, 89 9,7 $ . Hosts: ragweed, oak and sunflower (Hclianthus ina.riniilianiis). P. CONCAVA var. NIGRIDORSUM Coding (B). A female from ragweed, at Cams, July 1. I*. MODEST A Uhler. Taken at Cams, west to the northwest 74 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '37 bonier of the state; June 20 to July 30. 60 $ , 39 2. Hosts: Ambrosia (ragweed) and oak. P. MODESTA var. BICINCTURA Coding (B). A male, taken at Cams, July 30. P. RETICULATA VaiiDuzee (B). Collected at Weeping Water, Nehawka and Plattsmouth, Cass County, Fort Crook, Sarpy County and at Nebraska City, May 15 to July 5. 20 ?, r, $. In addition to the Membracids listed above as having been taken in the state of Nebraska according to the records given, the following species probably occur within the state since they have been taken from two or more sides of Nebraska and usually from host plants known to occur within our borders : Acutalis scinicrcma (Say), Glossonotus acuininatus (Fabr. ), Hcliria cristata (Fairm.), Palonica pyramidata var. uasuta Ball., P. trcmulata Ball, Telamona collina (Walker), T. dcc- nniUt Ball, T. c.vtrcimi Ball, T. sprcta Coding, T. /iliac Ball, T. tristis Fitch var. Iristis Fitch, T. iris/is Fh. var. coryli Fitch, T. nnicolor Fitch, Arcliasia bclfrai/ci Stal., Sutilia caindus (Fabr.), Cyrtolobus fenestratus (Fitch), and Ophiderma salit- iiHintlra Fairmaire. On some Thysanoptera from American Conifers. By J. DOUGLAS HOOD, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York. Two of the species treated below are new : the other is widely distributed in Europe, but has not previously been recorded from America. The types of the new species are in the author's collection. T.ENIOTHRIPS PINT (Uzcl), Figs, a and b. In Europe this species is known from Bohemia, Austria, Ger- many, Poland, England, Sweden, and Finland. It feeds upon the leaves of pine, spruce and fir. I found it to be very common in August and September, 1931, on young needles of black spruce (Picca mariaua) growing on several islands in Lake Superior, near Grand Portage, Minnesota (23 9 2 are before me). It was also observed on the same plant in Canada, just across the Pigeon River from Minnesota, though no specimens were collected. The above material has been compared with authentic xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NE\\ -. 75 European specimens by both Dr. Priesner and myself and, aside from the slightly darker color of the American individuals, there are no differences. Oxythrips coloradensis sp. nov. 5 (macropterous ). Length about 1.3 mm. (slightly dis- tended, 1.4 mm.). Color yellow in head and prothorax (the a Taniothrips pini (Uzel), $. a, head and prothorax (all setae omitted from appendages; sculpture necessarily accentuated); b, right antenna. (Drawn by Mrs. Philip T. Bassett ; camera lucida.) 7(> ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '37 latter slightly darker), orange-yellow in pterothorax and ab- domen ; legs yellow ; fore wings pale yellowish, somewhat gray at apex; antennae with segment I yellow, paler than head, II-V light yellowish brown, Jl and III yellow at base, IV somewhat darkened at apex and often paler at or near base, V-VIII nearly uniform brown, not darker than apical portion of IV. V often pale basally ; setae or antennae pale gray, all other seta: pale yellowish; ocellar pigmentation brilliant vermilion. Head about 1.13 times as long as greatest width across cheeks and about 1.1 times as long as transocular width, broadest near base, the cheeks almost perfectly straight and tapering slightly to eyes, where the width is about 0.94 that across eyes ; vertex flattened, its front evenly declivous; frontal costa with a small but distinct notch; dorsal surface of head cross-striate posterior to ocelli, the striae producing n distinct serration of the cheeks ; two pairs of minute ( 14 micra) setae forming a slightly arcuate line across head in front of median ocellus, the median pair 22-25 micra apart, the other pair about 54 micra apart ; inter- ocellars 27 micra long and arising just outside the ocellar tri- angle; three pairs ( 11-14 micra) behind inner, posterior margin of eyes (the middle of these more anterior than the others and usually about 15 micra behind posterior margin of eyes) ; three additional pairs of setae in front of middle of cheeks. Eyes relatively small, about 0.4 the length of head, slightly protruding, measuring as follows, in micra, in one paratype : dorsal length 55 micra. width 34 micra, interval 61 micra. < >celli of posterior pair about on a line marking off posterior fourth of eyes, their diameter about 13 micra: interval about 28 micra, distance from median ocellus about 20 micra; median ocellus much smaller. Antenna 1 only 1.7 times the length of head and about l.Sn times the transocular width, of perfectly normal structure; segment III about 46 micra; VI without sub- apical, transverse, ventral suture. Prothorax about 0.75 as long as bead and only 1.4 times as wide as long; dorsal surface with a few indistinct cross-stria 1 both anteriorly and posteriorly; major seta at posterior angles 25-33 micra long; posterior margin with three pairs of setae between the major pair, the innermost of these about 20 micra and longest. Legs normal in structure; tore tarsus with a minute terminal tooth on inner surface. Wings of fore pair with about 25 short seta 1 on coital margin, those at middle of wing about 25 micra: fore 1 vein typically with 1 -j- 4 -f- 3 seta- in basal third. 1 beyond middle, and 2 near tip; bind vein with 7-9 (usually 9) nearly equally-spaced setae. xlviii, '37| KNTOMOl.OCICAI, XKWS Abdomen of normal form and structure; seta? on tergum IX normal in structure (i.e., not as in O. flavus), the dorsal pair about 73 micra, dorso-lateral 87 micra, lateral 74 micra ; X not elongate or tubiform. its dorsal seta* 74 micra. dorse-laterals 87 micra; tergum VIII without comb. Measurements of 9 (holotype), in mm.: Length about 1.3 (slightly distended, 1.38); head, length 0.143, width across eyes 0.131, least width just behind eyes 0.123, greatest width across cheeks 0.127; prothorax. median length of pronotum 0.107, greatest width 0.148; mesothorax, greatest width 0.204; metathorax, greatest width 0.186; fore wings, length 0.707. width at middle 0.042; abdomen, greatest width (at segment IV) 0.241 ; segment X, length 0.079, greatest subbasal width 0.062. Antennal segments : 12345678 Length (micra) .... 21 40 46 38 36 41 913 Width (micra) .... 27 25 18 19 19 20 8 5 Total length of antenna 0.244 mm. COLORADO: Boulder, June 14, 1924, L. O. Jackson, miscel- laneous collecting, 399; Boulder (Gregory Canyon), June 21, 1924, L. O. Jackson, in flowers of Plnus scopulornm. 699 ( including holotype ) . This very distinct little species is allied to tijngcc by the presence of a minute terminal tooth on the fore tarsus, but differs conspicuously from that species and its other congeners in that the head is distinctly longer than wide and the cheeks nearly straight. Oxythrips pinicola sp. nov. 9 (macropterous). Length about 1.2 mm. (distended, about 1.5 mm.). Color yellowish brown, somewhat paler an- teriorly, the pterothorax with an orange cast, the abdomen overlain with gray; legs dull yellow, femora and sometimes the tibiae lightly and obscurely shaded with brownish on outer sur- face ; wings of fore pair very pale yellowish gray, the veins just perceptibly darker; antennae with segment I pale yellowish and about concolorous with tibia?. II very slightly darker and shaded with grayish. III a trifle darker than II, more yellowish in color, somewhat infuscate apically, 1V-VIII yellowish gray- brown, darker than abdomen, IV and V often yellowish basally, VII and VIII paler than VI; ocellar pigmentation bright red. Head about 0.74 as long as greatest width across cheeks and about 0.77 as long as transocular width, broadest at basal third 78 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '37 of cheeks, these tapering to eyes and very slightly narrowed to base ; vertex somewhat rounded, its front nearly vertical ; fron- tal costa rather deeply notched; dorsal surface cross-striate between posterior ocelli and base of head, the more posterior striae heavier, more distinct, and producing a serration of the cheeks; one pair of small setae (23 micra apart) in front of median ocellus, a second similar pair directly laterad of median ocellus and close to inner margins of eyes, an interocellar pair 33 micra long just outside the ocellar triangle, three pairs (16- 20 micra) near inner, posterior margin of eyes (the middle of these more anterior than the others and on a line with posterior margin of eyes), and two shorter (13 micra) pairs at anterior third of cheeks, all of these setae pale yellowish. Eyes about 0.5 the length of head, very slightly protruding, somewhat more than one-half as wide as their interval, meas- uring as follows, in micra, in one paratype : dorsal length 58, width 38, interval 74. Ocelli of posterior pair situated a trifle in advance of middle of eyes, their diameter 15 micra, interval 36 micra, distance from median ocellus 23 micra; median ocel- lus 13 micra. Antenna about 2.56 times the length of head and very nearly twice the transocular width, of perfectly normal structure, though longer and more slender than usual ; segment III 44-55 micra (averaging 49 micra) ; VI without subapical, transverse, ventral suture. Mouth-cone about 113 micra long (measuring from base of labrum) ; maxillary palpal segments 16, 11, and 14 micra, respectively. Protlwrax about 0.96 as long as head and 1.9 times as wide as long; dorsal surface with two or three heavy, interrupted cross-striae close to posterior margin and with its anterior por- tion more faintly striate ; major seta at posterior angles yellow and 64 micra long; posterior margin with four pairs of setae between the major pair, the innermost of these about 23 micra and longest. Legs normal in structure ; fore tarsus not toothed. Wings of fore pair with about 32 pale yellow setae on costal margin, those at middle of wing about 43 micra ; fore vein with 4 + 4 in basal, third, 1 at middle, and 2 near tip; hind vein with about 9 nearly equally spaced ones. Abdomen of normal form and structure: setae on tergum IX brownish yellow, normal in structure (i.e., not as in 0. flat'its}. the dorsal pair about 105 micra, dorso-lateral 111 micra, lateral 113 micra, ventro-lateral 97 micra; X not elongate or tubiform, its dorsal setae about 97 micra, dorso-laterals 87 micra; tergum VIII without comb. xlviii, '37| ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS Measurements of 9 (holotype), iu mm.: Length about 1.2 (fully distended, 1.44) ; head, length 0.115, width across eyes 0.150, least width just behind eyes 0.145, greatest width across cheeks 0.155; prothorax, median length of pronotum, 0.100, greatest width 0.192; mesothorax, greatest width 0.270; meta- thorax, greatest width 0.239 ; fore wings, length 0.882, width at middle 0.067; abdomen, greatest width (at segment IV) 0.308; segment X, length 0.090, greatest subbasal width 0.078. Antennal segments : 12345678 Length (micra) : ... 23 43 53 47 40 57 12 19 Width (micra) : ... 30 28 23 21 19 20 7 Total length 0.294 mm. $ (macropterous). Length about 0.92 mm. (fully dis- tended, 1.13 mm.). Color light grayish yellow, decidedly paler than in female, the structure essentially as in that sex ; antennal sc-ment III about 46 micra, VI without transverse line; major pronotal seta 40-50 micra ; fore wings with 4 -f- 3 setae in basal third of anterior vein and 2 near tip, posterior vein with 8-9; abdominal tergum IX with a close group of four stout setae arising from tubercles near posterior margin, the anterior pair closer together than the posterior pair, stouter, and about 12 micra long, the posterior ones about 8 micra. Measurements of $ (allotype), in mm.: Head, length 0.107, width across eyes 0.124, greatest width across cheeks 0.127; interocellar setae 0.027 ; prothorax, median length of pronotum 0.088, greatest width 0.165; mesothorax, greatest width 0.217; metathorax, greatest width 0.199; fore wings, length 0.686, width at middle 0.054; abdomen, greatest width (at segment III) 0.192. Antennal segments : 12345678 Length (micra) : ... 18 37 46 40 33 47 10 16 Width (micra) : ... 24 24 19 17 17 18 7 Total length of antenna 0.247 mm. COLORADO: along Elk Creek, near Fraser, July 7, 1927, J. D. Hood, in flowers of Pi-mis cdulis Engelm.. 10 99,1 (in- cluding 9 holotype and $ allotype} [Hood No. 609]. OREGON: Crater Lake National Park. July 21, 1927. J. D. H., on Ribcs ccrcum Coult, growing among pines, 1 9 [Hood No. 681]. This species is a member of the ulmifoUorum group, hereto- fore unknown from the western hemisphere. The definition of the nine European representatives has not been satisfactorily SO ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS' |M;ir., '.V accomplished. Nevertheless, the present species should be sep- arable by the longer antennae, particularly by the long third segment. From the American diz>isns it is readily known by the darker color, shorter tenth urotergum. and the absence of a ventral transverse line or suture near the apex of the sixth antennal segment. The other species known from the United States (ajugce and the new species coloradensis) both have a terminal fore-tarsal tooth. Notes on the Occurrence of Strymon maesites (Herrick-Schaffer) in Florida (Lepid.: Lycaenidae). By FRANK N. YOUNG, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. Up until a few years ago, the occurrence of Strymon mac- sites (Herrick-Schaffer) in Florida was extremely problemati- cal. No records of it occur in popular works, such as Dr. Holland's Butterfly Book, nor in any technical papers with one exception : J. Harold Matteson in his brief paper on the Rhophaloccra of Alianii* gives two records from Miami (a male taken in 1929 and a female in 1923). Neither Seitz nor Bates make any mention of these Florida records. Nevertheless, Strymon maesites is locally rather numerous in Southern Florida. It has been taken frequently in widely ^aried habitats around Miami by the writer and other local collectors. The first recent record seems to be a specimen taken by Mrs. C. N. Grimshaw in Lawrence Park (April 4, 1933). The specimens on which these notes are largely based were taken by the writer in a distinctive littoral habitat in I'.rickell Hammock, along the edge of Biscayne Bay south of the Miami River. The dates on these specimens range from July 4, 1933, to July 10, 1935. The longest period over which mucsitcs was on the wing was from May 29 to July 10, 1934. During this period a large series \vas taken at the original habitat, several specimens on palmetto blossoms in the ham- mock, 'and two more in a pine wood in the northwest section * Privately printed. xlviii. '37| ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS of Miami. Another record was made during this period by Mrs. C. N. Grimshaw (a female frcjm Xorth Miami Beach during June, 1934). The total number of specimens taken was well over two dozen, which seems to indicate that the species is probably commoner here than in its native habitat in Cuba. Most of the specimens were in rather good condition which largely excludes the possibility of their having come from Cuba in the adult form. They are extremely >wift fliers, and this, with their habit of sitting on the highest flowers available, probably accounts for their rarity in collections. Towards the end of the flight-period in July specimens become badly weath- ered. The males were at all times much commoner and much more damaged than the females. The habitat from which the majority of the specimens were taken is located along the edge of the limestone "cliffs" on the west side of Biscayne Bay. Back of the beach is the extensive tropical growth of Brickell which furnishes refuge for many other tropical insects. Most of the specimens of niacsitcs were taken from the flowers of a group of button-wood trees on the beach. The surrounding vegetation consists largely of grasses, Bidcns, nicker-beans, and other typically littoral plants. Along with niacsitcs, Stryiioin jn-ulbitin, martialis, cccrops and columclla, Lycacna cataliua and Cullidryas statira were taken from the same button- wood trees. Specimens were positively determined by Dr. Marston Bates, of the Museum Comparative Zoology, as Strynwn mae sites ( Herrick-SchaiTer ). The specimens are now in the collections of Dr. A. E. Brower, Mr. W. C. Fields, Mr. Oskar Zielinski, Mr. E. A. Ferguson, Mr. B. H. Pickel, Mrs. C. N. Grimshaw, the collection of the M. C. Z. at Harvard and in the private collection of the writer. Corrections EXT. XEWS, Vol. XLVIII, page 2. January, 1937. for Drup read Drap. (Draparnaud.) for pentad on read pentodon. 82 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS |MclV.. \V A New Species of Sawfly, Hartigia cowichana, from Canada (Cephidae-Hymenoptera). By DONALD T. RIES, Ithaca, New York. Tn studying a series of Cephidae received from Canadian National Collections, Ottawa, Canada, and Illinois Natural History Survey, Urbana, Illinois, two specimens were found belonging to the genus Hartujia that represented a new species. They very closely resemble CaeiioccpJins aldrichi Bradley in both size and color, but morphological characters such as the presence of two transverse cubital veins in the hind wing and a single preapical spur on each posterior tibia, shape of left mandible, posterior tarsal claw, and teeth on the ovipositor, structure of antennae and shape of the clypeal margin definitely place them in the genus IIarti rimer. He was a student at the University of Nebraska, where he received a honorary degree of Bachelor of Science in 1897, having been an instructor in entomology there, from 1890 to 1895. He was well known as an investigator of the ( )rthoptera in Argentina and in the United States, and as author of two reports on the Destructive Locust of Argentine, papers on Locusts of Paraguay and ot Peru, on the Saltatory Orthoptera of Brazil, the second volume' mi Orthoptera of the Biologia Centrali- Americana, a prelimin- ary catalogue of Philippine Orthoptera, and many other entomo- logical contributions. Some of his collections of Orthoptera were acquired by Mr. Morgan Hebard, of Philadelphia. 84 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '37 Entomological Literature COMPILED BY V. S. L. PATE, LAURA S. MACKEY and E. T. CRESSON, JR. Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining to the En- tomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and Myriopoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted; but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, whether relating 10 American or exotic species will be recorded. The figures within brackets [ ] refer to the journal in which the paper appeared, as numbered in the list of Periodicals and Serials published in our January and June issues. This list may be secured from the puo- lisher of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for lOc. The number of, or annual volume, and in some cases the part, heft, &c. the latter within ( ) follows; then the pagination follows the colon : All continued papers, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their first installments. (*) Papers containing new forms or names not so stated in titles, have an * within parentheses thus (*) following the pagination of reference to paper. (S) Papers pertaining exclusively to neotropical species, and not so Indicated in the title, have the symbol (S) at the end of the title of the paper. For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Rec- ord, Office of Experiment Stations, Washington. Also Review of Applied Entomology, Series A, London. For records of papers on Medical Ento- mology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B. Note. Titles of papers containing new forms or new names will be Indicated by an asterisk within parentheses at end of reference, (*). Papers published m the Entomological News are not' listed. GENERAL. Ballou, C. H. Insect notes from Costa Rica in 1935. [Insect Pest Surv. Bull., U. S. Bur. Ent.] 16: 437-497. Barnes, H. F. Recent advances in entomology. [Sci. Progr.] 31: 518-526. Blaufuss, A. H. The care of living material in the laboratory. | Turtox .\ T e\vs.| 15: 4-5, ill. Donfsthorpe, H. An extract. [21] 49: 8-9. Grankina, K AYashi.ng of the soil as a method for recording small soil insects. [Lenin Ac. Ag. Sci. Plant Prot.] No. 9: 124- 125. Hayward, K. J. -Random notes on Argentine col- lecting. 3. The Riverain forests of the Chacosantafecino. [21] 49: 5-8. Lhomme, L. Lettre ouverte snr la prepara- tion des papillons de petite taille. [Amat. Papillons] 8: 124-137, 147-151. Park, T. Experimental studies of in- sect populations. |90] 71 : 21-33. Roi. Elements biogeo- graphiques de ITrlande. [Ann. Soc. Sci. Brnxelles] B, 56: 433-458, ill. Ruediger, E. Entomologie nnd xeitung. [Ent. Jahrbuch] 1937: 83-86. Tiensuu, L. Insect Life on plants attacked by Aphids. [Ann. Ent. Fenn.] 2: 161-169. von Tunkl, F. F. Die romantik in der Entomologie. [Ent. Jahrbuch] 1937: 74-82, cont. Wolcott, G. N. An animal census of two pastures and a meadow in northern New York. |Eco1og. Monogr.] 7: 1-90. ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, ETC. Adamczewski.- Etude snr la morphologic des espiVes du genre Cnephasia ( Tortriridae) et snr lenr distribution geographique en Po- logne. [Ann. Mtis. Zool. Polonici] 2: 263-294, ill. Asana xlviii, '37| KXTOMOLOCIfAL NEWS & Kichijo. The chromosomes of six species of ant-lions. [Jour. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Imp. Univ.] 5, Zool.: 121-136, ill. Baden, V. Embryology of the nervous system in the grasshopper, Melanoplus differentialis (Orth : Acridklae). [Journ. Morph.] 60: 159-188. ill. Barbarossa, R. Osser- vazioni sulla morfologia dell' addome e sull' armatura gen- itale del Grillotalpa (Orth.) (Arch. Zool. Ital. Turin] 479-492, ill. Beadle & Ephrussi. Development of eye colors in Drosophila: the mutants bright & mahogany. [90] 71 : 91-95. Berio, E. Osservazioni sulla morfologia e nomenclatura dell' apparato copulatore dei Lepidotteri. Che cosa siano realmente 1'uncus e lo scaphium. [Fest- schrift E. Strand, Riga, 1936.J 2: 205-211, ill. Bonneville, P.-P. Recherches sur 1'anatomie microscopique des ter- mites. [Arvernia Biol.J 1936: 1-123, ill. Bushnell, R. J.- The development & metamorphosis of the mid-intestinal epithelium of Acanthoscelides obtectus (Coleoptera). [Journ. Morph.] 60: 221-241. ill. Camerlengo, A. Osser- vazioni sulla morfologia del torace del Grillotalpa (Orth.) [Arch. Zool. Ital. Turin] 23: 453-478, ill. Emery, W. T.- Hessian fly eggs and freezing temperatures. |103| 10: 28- 29. Fleming, Baker & Koblitsky. The insecticidal action of lead arsenate on the larvae of the Japanese beetle in different types of soil. [47] 53: 771-779. Gabler, H.- Beitrag zur Kenntnis von Stigmenbau mid Funktion der Lepidopteren-Puppen. [97] 56: 584-590, ill. Gala, C. Sur quelques effets de la poudre de chorion sur la biologic de la mouche Drosophila melanogaster, varieties Wild et Vestigial. [Bull. Internat. Acad. Tcheq. Sci., Prague] 36: 68-70. Goldschmidt, R. Does the quantity of chromatin produce a genetic effect? [90] 71: 83-86. Haskins & Enzeman. Modifications of the compound eye of Dros- ophila melanogaster arising under X-irradiation. [90] 71 : 87-90, ill. Hester & Cunningham. The effects of endo- crines on the development rates of fleshflies. [J. Elisha Mitchell Sc. Soc.] 52: 38-50. Husain & Mathur. Studies on Schistocerca gregaria. VIII. Influence of Carbon di- oxide on development of black pigmentation in Schisto- cerca gregaria (Orthopt : Acrididae). [Ind. |. Agr. Sci.] 6: 1005-1030, ill. Huxley & Wolsky. Zur Frage der Ent- \\-icklungs-physiologischen Determination des Arthropod- enauges. [97] 56: 571-572. Koch & Krogh. La fonction des papilles anales des larves de Dipteres. [Ann. Soc. Sci. Hruxellesj B, 56: 459-461. Kozhantshikov, W. To the problem of the vital thermal optimum. III. The loss of 86 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '37 energy during- the pupal development in Agrotis and Ephestia as a function of temperature. [Trav. Inst. Zool. Acad. Sci. USSR] 4: 313-388. [Russian. English sum- mary]. Maki, Takadi. Studies of the skeletal structure, musculature and nervous system of the Alder-fly, Chaul- iodes formosanus (Neuropt: Sialidae. [Mem. Fac. Sci. & Agr. Taihoku Imp. Univ., Formosa] 16: 117-243, ill. Na- ville & de Beaumont. -Recherches sur les chromosomes des Neuropteres. [Arch. Anat. Microscop., Paris] 32: 271-302, ill. Newcomer, E. J. Effect of cold storage on eggs and young larvae of codling moth. [12] 29: 1123-1125, ill. Ohmachi, Fumiye. A comparative study on the chromo- some complements in Grylloidea (Orth.) [Ent. & Phyto- path.] 4: 696-705, ill. [in Chinese]. Paladino, G. Osser- vazioni sulla morfologia del capo Grillotalpa (Orth.). [Arch. Zool. Ital. Turin] 23: 423-451, ill. Pflugfelder, O.- Die Entwicklung der optischen Ganglien von Culex pipiens (Diptera). [34] 117: 31-36, ill. Vergleichend-anatomische, experimentelle und embryologische untersuchungen ueber das nervensystem und die sinnesorgane der Rhynchoten. [Zoologica] 34, hft. 93: 1-56. ill., cont. Potvin & Giroux. Elevage d'une Mante en laboratoire. (Orth.). [98] 64: 19-21. Wilson, F. H. The segmentation of the abdomen of Lipeurus heterographus (Mallophaga). [Journ. Morph.] 60: 211-219, ill. Woodruff, L. C. Autopasy and regenera- tion in the roach, Blatella germanica. [103] 10: 1-9. Wood- worth, C. E. Effect of reduced temperature and pressure on honeybee respiration. [12] 29: 1128-1132, ill. Yonge, C. M.- Evolution & adaptation in the digestive system of the Metazoa. [Biol. Revs.] 12: 87-115. "Zabinski, J. Incon- stancy of the number of moults during the post-embryonal development of certain Blattidae. [Ann. Mus. Zool. Pol- onici.]. 11: 237-240. ARACHNIDA AND MYRIOPODA. Allard, H. A.- The black widow spider in Virginia. [Science.]. 85: 74-75. Anderson & Walker. Notes on the distribution of the black widow spider. [68] 85: 100. Bishopp & Hixson. Biology and economic importance of the gulf coast tick. [12] 29: 1068-1076, ill. Blauvelt, H. H. The comparative morphology of the secondary sexual organs of Linyphia and some related genera, including a revision of the group. [Festschrift E. Strand. Riga, 1936] 2: 81-171, ill. (*). Chamberlin & Ivie. Xew spiders from Mexico & Panama [Bull. Univ. Utah] 27: No. 5, 103 pp., ill. Cowles, R. B.- The San Diegan alligator lizard and the black widow xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL XEWS spider. [68] 85 : 99-100. Crosby & Bishop.- Studies in American spiders: Miscellaneous genera of Erigoneae. [Festschrift E. Strand, Riga, 1936] 2: 52-64, ill. (*). Fah- lander, K. Ein japanischer Nesogeophilus nebst kungen uber zwei amerikanische Geophiliden [83] No. 7, 4pp.. ill. Gertsch, W. J. The Nearctic Atypidae. [40] No. 895, 19pp., ill. Jacot, A. P.- Some primitive moss-mites from North Carolina. [J. Elisha Mitchell Sc. Soc.] 52: 20-26, ill. (*). Kaston, B. J. The distribution of black widow spiders [Science] 85 : 74. de Mello-Leitao, C. Contribution a 1'etude des Ctenides du Bresil. [Festschr. E. Strand] 1: 1-31; 598-601, ill. Remy, P. La ponte et les premiers stades larvaires des Symphyles 19: 335-345, ill. Townsend, L. H. The black widow spider. [68] 84: 392-393. THE SMALLER ORDERS OF INSECTS. Banks, N. -Four new Trichoptera from the United States. [ 109] 3: 265-268, ill. Byers, C. F. Records of Florida Dragonflies II. [39] 3: 40-42. Carpenter, F. M. Descriptions & rec ords of Nearctic Mecoptera. [5] 43: 56-64, ill. Silvestri, F. Contribuzione alia conoscenza dei Projapygfidae (Di- plura). [23] 30: 41-74, ill. (S*). Thompson, G. B. A list of the Denny collection of Mallophaga in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) and of their hosts. [75] 19: 74-81. Tillyard, R. J. Kansas Permian Insects. Pt. 17. The order Megasecaptera and additions to the Palaeodictyoptera. Odonata, Protoperlaria, Copeognatha, and Xeuroptera. [16] 33: 81-110, ill. (*). Tjeder, B. Studies on Psectra dip- tera ('Xeuroptera: Hemerobiidae). [51] 16: 97-101. ill. Walker, E. M. A new Macrotnia from British Columbja (Odon. Corduliiclae). [4] 69: 5-13, ill. ORTHOPTERA. Griffith, M. E. A mole-cricket at bay. [103] 10: 27-28. Rehn, J. A. G. The Hispaniolan genus Polyancistrus (Tettigoniidae: Pseudophyllinae). [1] 62: 271-316, ill. (*). A n. sp. of the gen. Gryllita from Cuba (Gryllidae). [1] 62: 317-321, ill. HEMIPTERA. Beamer, R. H. Five n. spp. of leaf- hoppers (Cicadellidae). [103] 10: 10-13. ill. Blote, H. C.- Catalogue of the Coreidae in the Rijksmuseum von Xatuur- lijke Historic. Part 3. Coreinae. 2nd part. [Zool. Mededeel.] 19: 23-66. Drake, C. J. Some Tingitoidea from Argentina (Hem.). [Trav. de 1'Inst. Zool. Acad. Sci. USSR] 3: 699-701, ill. | Russian with English summary.]. Knowl- 88 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS | Mar., '37 ton & Smith. Aphid studies. [Festschr. E. Strand] 1: 487-492. McKinstry, A. P. Some n. spp. of Microvelia (Veliidae). | 103] 10: 30-36. Silvestri, F. Ridescrizione del genre Termitococcus con una specie nuova del Brasile e descrizione di nn nuova genere affine (Coccidae). [23] 30: 32-40, ill. LEPIDOPTERA. d' Almeida, R. F. Une nouvelle espece d'Iphiclides du Bresil. [Festschr. E. Strand] 1: 510- 513, ill. Berio, E. ( )sservazioni sulla morfologia e nomen- clatura dell' apparato copulatore dei Lepidotteri. Che cosa siano realmente 1' uncus e lo scaphium. | Festschr. E. Strand] 2: 205-211. ill. Bouvier, E. L Etude des Satur- nides normaux famille des Hemileucides. [3] 19: 32-294, ill. Collier, W. A. Lepidopterorum Catalogus. Pars. 73. Lasio- campidae. 484 pp. Forster, W. Beitrag zur systematik des tribus Lycaenini unter besonderer berucksichtigung der argyrognomonund der argus-gruppe. (Mitt. Munchner Ent. Gesell.] 26: 150pp., ill. ^ Hayes, W. P. Structural differ- ences between greater and lesser wax moth. [12] 29: 1055- 1058, ill. Hoffman, F. Beitrage zur naturgeschichte bra- silianischer schmetterlinge. [Ent. Jahrbuch] 1937: 126-139, cont. Hoik, O. Quelques problemes au sujet du genre Zygaena. [Lambillionea] 1937: 15-24. Kivirikko, E. Beobachtungen uber die Tagfalter-fauna des Territoriums Missiones (Rep. Argentina) in dem Zeit 5. V.-20. VI. 1928. [Ann. Ent. Fenn.] 2: 49-63. ill. (S*). McDunnough, J.- Critical notes on the Canadian species of the gen. Erebia [4] 69: 14-18 (*). Obraztsov, N. S. Nene Lepidopteren- Formen. [Festschr. zum 60. Geburtstage von E. Strand] 1 : 637-642. Schneider, H. Morpho catenarius var. argen- tinus. FIrlebnisse, Beobachtungen und Erfahrungen mit diesem Falter in Uruguay. [17] 54: 190-195. Schiissler, H. Lepidopterorum Catalogus. Pars 75. Oxytenidae. 20pp. Lepidopterorum Catalogus. Pars 76. Cercophanidae. 12pp. Shepard, H. H. Lepidopterorum Catalogus. Pars 77. Ho- periidae : subfam. Euschemoninae et Trapezitinae. 35pp. Tietz, H. M. A manual of the Noctuidae of Pennsylvania. JPenna. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull.] No. 335, 164 pp., ill." Walk- den, H. H. Life-history notes on the spotted-sided cut- worm (Agrotis badinotis). [103] 10: 20-26. Watson, F. E. New Hesperiidae from the Antilles. [40] No. 90(>, 10pp. DIPTERA. Alexander, C. P. The crane-flies (Tipuli- dae) of New England Fourth Supplementary List. [Occ. Pap. Bost. Soc. Xat. Hist.]. 8: 273-292, ill. Enderlein, G. xlviii, '37| ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS -Klassifikation der Tanypeziden. |11| 1936: 39-47 (S*). Frisch, J. A. (See Hymenoptera.) Hennig, W. Beitrage zur Systematik und Tiergeographie der Pyrgotiden. [109] 3: 243-256. (S*). Beitrage zur Kenntnis des Kopulations- apparates und der Systematik der Tanypeziden (Acalvp- tratae). [11| 1936: 27-38. ill. (S*). James, M. T.- \'e\v and little-known neotropical Stratiomyidae in the Museum of Comparative Zoology. [5| 43: 49-55, ill. King & Lenert. Outbreaks of Stomoxys calcitrans ("Dog Flies") along Florida's northwest coast. [39] 19: 33-39. (ill.) Klein- Krautheim, F. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Eristalinen- Larven und-Puppen (Syrphidae). [60] 97: 259-270. Lenz, F. -Die lugendstadien der Gattung Pseudochironomus. [34] 117: 1-11, ill. Sabrosky, C. W. Food of Bibio pain- teri (Bibionidae). [103] 10: 26. COLEOPTERA. Abbott, C. E. The toxicity of tri- methylamine for Necro])horus orbicollis (Coleo: Silphidae). [5] 43: 37-39. Back & Cotton. The furniture carpet beetle (Anthrenus vorax). a pest of increasing importance in the United States | 10J 38: 189-198. Balch, R. E.- Notes on the Wharf borer (Nacerda melanura, Oedemeri- dae). [4] 69: 1-5. Barber, H. S. Some species of Colaspis from the Brunnea confusion (Chrysomelidae). 1 10] 38: 198-204 (*). Boucomont, A. Drei neue termitophile Acanthocerinen aus Costa-Rica (Scarab.). [2] 32: 229-230, ill. Buchanan, L. L. Nomenclature of Listroderes obliquus (the Vegetable Weevil) (Curctilionidae). [10] 38: 204-208. Corporaal, J.-B. Deux nouv. gen. Clerides et remarques sur un autre genre. [Rev. Franc. Ent. | 3: 205- 211, ill. (S). Darlington, P. J. A list of the West Indian Dryopidae, with a n. gen. & eight n. spp., including one from Colombia. [5] 43: 65-83, ill. Fiedler, C. Die ameri- kanische Russlergattung Collabismus (Curcul. Cryp- torhnch.) [60] 97: 239-259 (S*). Neue arten der Gattung Piazurus (Curcul.). fKnt. Nadir.] 10: 113-147 (S). Bes timmungstabelle der sudamerikanischen Arten der Gat- tung- Chalcodermus (Curcul.: Cryptorhynch.). [109] 3: 280-292. Hinton, H. E. Descriptions of new Brazilian Dryopidae and distributional records of others. [8] 73: 6-12, ill. Hustache, A. Coleopterorum Catalogus. Pars 151. Curctilionidae: Cryptorrhynchinae. 317pp. Korschef- sky, R. Eine neue Cryptognatha-Art aus Sud-Amerika (Coccinelliclae). [109] 3: 299-300. Mank, E. W. A note on two spp. of American Xylitas (Melandryidae). |4| 69: 18-19. Nagel, P. Neues uber Hirschkafer (Lucanidae). 90 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '37 [60] 97: 289-302, ill. (S*). Obenberger, J. Coleopterorum Catalog-us. Pars 152. Buprestidae V. 935-1246. Sanderson, M. W. Three n. spp. of Phyllophaga with notes on two spp. new to Kansas ( Scarabaeidae). [103] 10: 14-19, ill. Uhmann, E. Amerikanische Hispinen aus clem Zoologis- chen Museum der Universitat Berlin (Chrys.). [Festschr. zum 60. Geburstage von E. Strand] 1: 613-629, ill. Voss, E. Monographic der Rhynchiten-Tribus Auletini. III. Teil der Monographic der Rhynchitinae-Pterocolinae (Cur- culionidae). [60] 97: 279-289 (S*). HYMENOPTERA. Arle, R. Un nouvel Aulocoste- thus (Psammocharidae) dn Bresil. [Festschr. E. Strand] 1: 513-516, ill. Eequaert, J. A ne\v North American mason- \vasp from Virginia, with notes on some allied forms (Ves- pidae). | 50] 84: 79-87, ill. Brimley, C. S. The Psammo- charidae or spider wasps of North Carolina. [T- Elisha Mitchell Sc. Soc.j 52: 107-131, ill. (*). Clark & Sandhouse. The nest of Odynerus tempiferus var. macio, with notes on the habits of the wasps. (Vespidae). [50] 84: 89-95. Cock- erell, T. D. A. New & little known American bees. [40] No. 899, 5 pp. Frisch, J. A. Perilampus, a secondary parasite on Sarcophagids and Tachinids parasitic on katy- dids and long-horned grasshoppers. |5] 43: 84-85. Maly- shev, S. I. Lebensgeschichte der Osmien (Osmia) (Apoi- dea). [89] Abt. Syst., 69: 107-176, ill. Mitchell, T. B. A revision of the genus Megachile in the Nearctic region. Pt. V. Taxonomy of the subgenus Xeromegachile (Mega- chilidae). [1] 62: 323-382, ill. (*). Muesebeck, C. F. W. -The genera of parasitic wasps of the Braconid Subfamily Euphorinae, with a review of the nearctic spp. [U. S. Dept. Agr., Miscl. Publ.] No. 241, 36 pp.. ill. (*'). Wheeler, W. M. Ecological relations of Ponerine and other ants to ter- mites. [Proc. Amer. Acad. A. & S.| 71: 159-243, ill. (*). A singular Crematogaster from Guatemala (Formicide). |5| 43: 40-48, ill. (*)". SPECIAL NOTICES. Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Odonata. Vol. III. By F. C. Fraser. Taylor & Francis, London. 461 pp., ill. Memoria de la Coinision Central de Investigaciones sobre la Eangosta. Ministerio de Agricultura de la Nacion, Buenos Aires. 1936, 248 pp., ill. Studies on the mechanism of action of insecticides. By B. A. Dodonov. [Lenin Ac. Ag. Sci. Plant Prot. Bull.] (B), No. 7: 99pp., ill. [Russian, Eng. Sum- mar)-.] EXCHANGES This column is intended only for wants and exchanges, not for advertisements of goods for sale or services rendered. Notices not exceeding three lines free to subscribers. These notices are continued as long as our limited space will allow; the new ones are added at the end of the column, and, only when necessary those at tht top (being longest in) are discontinued. Wanted Collectors desiring- living pupae with cocoon attached to natural food plant of Michigan, Samia, Columbia or hybrid with S. Cecropia, write W. S. McAlpine, 575 Townsend St., Birmingham, Mich. Wanted North American Chrysididae for exchange or determina- tion, with privilege of retaining duplicates. W. G. Bodenstein, Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. Wanted Chloropidae (Oscinidae) of the world. Study, determin- ation or exchange. C. W. Sabrosky, Entomology Dept., Michigan State College, East Lansing, Mich. Wanted Heliconia from various parts of Mexico, Central and South America, especially Bolivia. Buy or exchange. F. E. Church, 15 West 67th St.. New York, N. Y. (Continued on third page of cover) . SUBSCRIPTION BLANK Enclosed find payment for my subscription to ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for one year, beginning with issue for Name - Address Post Office - The subscription price per year of ten (10) numbers : United States, Central and South America, $3.00 Canada, - - 3.15 Foreign, - 3.25 Payments are acceptable in United States currency and Postal Money Order, by Check on Domestic (United States) bank, Foreign draft on New York, and by International Postal Order. Address ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, 1900 RACK STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA., U. S. A. RECENT LITERATURE FOB SALE BT THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 1900 RACE STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA. COLEOPTERA 1018. Blaisdell ( F. E.).--Two new species of Euschides (Tenebrionidae). (Trans., 62, 223-230, 1936)... .20 DIPTERA 1020. Cresson (E. T., Jr.). Descriptions and notes on genera and species of the Dipterous family Ephydridae. II. (Trans., 62, 257-270, 1936) ... .30 HYMENOPTERA. 1023. Mitchell ( T. B.) A revision of the genus Megachile in the Xearctic region. V. Taxonomy of submenus Xero- megachile (Trans., 62, 323-382, 5 pis.. 1937) 1.00 ORTHOPTERA 1019. Hebard (M.). Studies in Orthoptera which occur in N. Amer. north of the Mexican boundary. VI. A revision of the genus Arethaea (Tettigoniidae). (Trans., 62, 231-256, 2 pis., 1936) .40 1021. Rehn (J. A. G.) The Hispaniolan genus Polyancistrus (Tettigoniidae). (Trans., 62, 271-316, 2 pis., 1936) 1.00 1022. Rehn (J. A. G.) A new species of the genus Gryllita from Cuba (Gryllidae) (Trans., 62,317-322, 1937) 20 Write your name and address in the space below. If that given is not correct, please advise us. Herewith find remittance for $ , for which please send me the items checked above. EXCHANGES (Continued) Wanted Chry-alids of Papilio ajax and philenor, cocoons of Roths- ehildia orizaba and jorulla. Buy or exchange. Newark Entomological Society. Curator, Chas. Rummel, Green Village Rd., R. D. 2, Madison. New Jersey. Have large list of Lepidoptera wants and offers. Send me yours> Carpenter, Box 1344, Hartford, Conn. Wanted Specimens of North American Cephidae. Will make determinations and exchanges for purposes of revising the group. Donald T. Ries, Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. W. H. JANSON & SON. Exotic Lepidoptera Ornithoptera, Papilio. Agrias, Morphos etc. Exotic Coleoptera Large showy forms and rarities especially in Cetoniidae, Lucanidae, Cerambycidae etc. Lots of undetermined species from all families at low rates. Large exotic forms of Arachnids etc, British Lepidoptera including many fine and rare varities. British Coleoptera and other Orders. STOREBOXES, NETS, PINS, SETTING BOARDS AND OTHER APPARATUS ALWAYS IN STOCK. (Price list sent free). P. O. BOX 128, 44, Great Russell Street, LONDON, W. C. I. Established 1852. England. Scarce Literature Now Available Contributions which appeared in the various publications of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia often have been unprocurable by students on account of the rarity of separata, which in years past were not retained for sale by the Academy. All papers published since 1921, however, are now available and can be obtained from the Academy at moderate prices. In ad- dition excerpts of nearly all other papers which appeared in the ' Proceedings " or " Journal " since 1860 can be supplied. Our price lists of entomological and other publications now available will be supplied on request, and information gladly fur- nished upon any other specially desired publication of the Academy. Supplementary editions of these price-lists, contain- ing a large number of additional titles, are also in preparation. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia NINETEENTH AND THE PARKWAY, PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA World's Finest Entomological Forceps Without doubt, the Cresson Pinning Forceps, available only from Ward's is the finest instrument of this type obtainable. Designed by Professor E. T. Cresson, of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences. Its higher cost is a lifetime | investment in precision entomological equipment. American made from the finest dental tool steel. Cresson Pinning Forceps, each, $6.50 WAR D' S NATURAL SCIENCE ESTABLISHMENT,!]!^ The Frank A. Ward Foundation ofNutu ral Science of the University of Rocliester READ WARD'S ENTOMOLOGICAL BUL LETIN ... issued monthly 300 NORTH GOODMAN STREET ROCHESTER NEW YORK FOR SALE One of the finest collections of Palearctic Diurnals 15,000 specimens in perfect condition, all fully labelled And including very many of the rarest species and some quite unique. Offered at one quarter the original cost. Full particulars on application. Some thousands of fine Indian Diurnals, in papers named, $6.00 per 100. Fine Morphos from French Guiana, New Guiana Delias in papers (named). A very large number of bred Urania riphaeus etc. A. FORD, 42, IRVING ROAD, BOURNEMOUTH, ENGLAND RARE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LEPIDOPTERA Pinned and fully Labelled or in Papers List furnished on request CALIFORNIA INSECTARIES, INC. 1612 West Glenoaks Boulevard Glendale, California A. W. Merrill, Ph. D.. Mgr. C. Henne, Lepidopteiis ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS APRIL. 1937 Vol. XLVIII CONTENTS Rau A Note on the Nesting Habits of the Roach-Hunting Wasp, Pod- ium (Parapodium) Carolina Rohwer (Hym). 91 Karlovic Bibliography of Prof. George Hazen French 94 Cole An Annotated List of the Ants of Arizona (Hymen.: Formicidae) 97 Sabrosky On Mounting Micro-Diptera 102 Wallace The Use of the Headlight in Collecting Nocturnal Spiders . 107 Benesh A New Leptinopterus from Brazil (Coleoptera: Lucanidae). . Ill Editorial Entomology at the Convocation Week Meetings ... 113 Entomological Literature 115 Review Journal of the Federated Malay States Museum 119 Hayward A Record of Vespa crabro Linnaeus from North Dakota (Hyrnenoptera: VespidaeJ 120 PHILADELPHIA, PA. THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, 1900 Race Street Entered at the Philadelphia, Pa., Post Office as Second Class Matter. Acceptance for mailing at the special rate of postage prescribed for in Section 1. Act of October 3, 1917, authorized January 15, 1921. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS published monthly, excepting August and September, by The American Entomological Society. Philip P. Calvert, Ph.D., Editor; E. T. Cresson, Jr., R. G. Schmieder, Ph.D., V. S. L. Pate, Associate Editors. ('\ Advisory} Committee: Philip Laurent, J. A. G. Rehn, Chas. LiebeckJ J. Chester Bradley, Ph.D., Frank Morton Jones, Sc.D., John C. Lutz,' Max Kisliuk, Jr., Win. W. Chapman. The subscription price per year of ten (10) numbers is as follows: United States and possessions, Central and South America $3.00, Canada $3.15, Foreign $3.25, Single copies 35 cents. ADVERTISING RATES: Full width of page. Payments in advance. One issue, 1 in.. $ 1.20, 3 in., $ 3.00, 5 in., $ 5.00, 7 in., $ 7.00 Ten issues, " 8.00, " 25.00, " 45.00, " 60.00 SUBSCRIPTIONS. All remittances and communications regarding sub- scriptions, non-receipt of the "News" or of reprints, and requests for sample copies, should be addressed to ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, 1900 Race Street, PHILADELPHIA, PA. MANUSCRIPTS AND ADVERTISEMENTS should be sent to the editor, Dr. P. P. Calvert, Zoological Laboratory, University of Pennsyl- vania, Philadelphia, Pa. TO CONTRIBUTORS. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged and if they are accepted they will be published as. soon as possible. If not accepted, authors will be so advised and postage requested for return of manuscripts. Articles longer than six printed pages will be published in two or more installments, unless the author is willing to pay for the cost of a sufficient number of additional pages in any one issue to enable such an article to appear without division. Proof will be sent to authors. Twenty-five extras (separates) of an author's contribution will be given free when they are requested; they will be "run of form," that is without removal of extraneous matter (parts of other articles at beginning and at end), folded, but unbound, uncut and without covers. Authors wishing more than 25 separates can obtain them, at the rates given at the bottom of this page, by ordering at the time of returning proof. When more than the twenty-five free separates are ordered, ALL the extras will be free of ex- traneous matter. The making of blocks and printing all illustrations will be charged to authors. The editor will furnish cost of same when requested. Stated Meetings of The American Entomological Society will be held at 8.00 P. M., in 1937, on the fourth Thursday of each month excepting June, July, August, November and December, and on the third Thursday of November and December. Communications on observations made in the course of your studies are solicited; also exhibits of any specimens you consider of interest. The printer of the "News" will furnish reprints of articles, without covers, over and above the twenty-five given free at the following rates: One or two pages, twenty-five copies, 35 cents; three or four pages, twenty-five copies. 70 cents; five to eight pages, twenty-five copies, $1.40; nine to twelve pages, twenty-five copies, $2.00; each half-tone plate, twenty-five copies, 30 cents; each plate of line cuts, twenty-five copies, 25 cents; greater numbers of copies will be at the corresponding multiples of these rates. Printed eovers for 50 copies, $4.00 or more, according to number of pages bound. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS VOL. XLVIII. APRIL, 1937 NTo. 4 A Note on the Nesting Habits of the Roach-Hunting Wasp, Podium (Tarapodium) Carolina Rohwer (Hym). By PHIL RAU, Kirkwoocl, Missouri. In the spring of 1934 I gathered some nests of the mud- daubing wasp, SccUphron caementamum, that had been used and resealed with a leaf-pulp by the bee, Osmia cordata. These nests were placed on a shelf in an open-faced shelter in my back yard with the hope of naturalizing the emerging Osmia bees. In June of the same year when I again inspected the mud nests, I found that the oordata bees had come and gone and that while most of the openings were plugged with a wad of leaf-paste, which is characteristic of cordata, four of them were plugged with a clear resin-like gum. My first thought was that the Osmias, being unable to find leaf-paste, had gath- ered this material from plants instead. The four mud nests, each with a cell sealed in this unique manner, were placed in a large jar for observation. Nothing having emerged from them during the following twelve months, three of the four cells were opened on May 2, 1935, and I then found to my surprise, that each contained from one to three wood-roach nymphs about one-third grown. These were identi- fied by Mr. Ashley B. Gurner as Parcoblatta pcnsylvanica (De Geer). Fortunately the fourth and unopened cell gave me an adult wasp a month later. This was identified by Miss Sand- house as Podium (Parap odium] Carolina. 1 A closer examination of the nests shows that the roach- hunter is a gatherer of mud as well as of resin, for she makes mud partitions in the tube as well as mud plugs for the door- ways. She later daubs the mud-plug as well as a small portion 1 Miss Sandhouse writes that the specimen has been retained since it is only the second specimen which has been received since the species has been described by Mr. Rohwer. 91 APR 1 5 1937 92 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '37 of the surrounding territory with the resin. The emerging wasp has no difficulty in biting its way to freedom through this double layer. An examination shows also, that the mother wasp sweeps any rubbish such as old Osmia cocoons, spiders' webs and Dermestes' shedding-skins to the rear of the cell and entombs it by building a wall of mud. She prefers this method to that of laboriously carrying it out bit by bit. The resinous substance became hard and slightly darker in color as the months slipped by, and I had often wondered where the wasps had obtained it. Recently Dr. Edgar S. An- derson of Missouri Botanical Garden, generously offered to examine the material microscopically. He reports that "Clear material of this sort might be nectar (not likely), a gum or resin. Gums and resins are often confused by biologists but they are two quite different substances, though they may exist in mixtures. Gums are water soluble, more or less, and they char when burned. Resins are insoluble in water and more or less soluble in alcohol, ether, etc. They burn with a bright flame. Gums come from the break down of plant tissues ; resins are the secretions of special glands or ducts. The mate- rial daubed on the clay was insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol and burned with a clear bright flame, leaving no residue. When dissolved in alcohol the concentrate, examined under the micro- scope showed cells of a conifer (apparently a hard pine). It is a resin therefore, which the wasp probably found exuding from pine lumber nearby since no hard pines are found in your vicinity." Here, then, we have a rare wasp, probably tropical in origin, working its way northward in the Mississippi Valley, 2 using roaches for prey as do most of the sister species of the genus, gathering mud for wall-partitions and doorway-plugs and then superimposing upon the doorway plug a plaster of resin which "Williams, F. X. (Bull. Exp. Stat. Hawaiian Sug. Platn. Ass'n. 19; 114, 1928) says "Cockroach wasps of the genera Podium and Trigonopsis inhabit tropical America although Podium luctuosum rnfipcs and P. Carolina, are known to occur in southern United States. They are mainly arboreal, although being mud-daubers are usually captured on the ground gathering nest material." xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS she has undoubtedly obtained from exudations on man-made lumber. This coating is probably for the purpose of making the nest water-proof but since the nest is built in the shelter of a building, one wonders from whence came the idea for the water-proof coating. Are these habits in a transplanted species new, and are they in the process of being fixed into permanency, or are they vestiges from former times and other climes This water- proof coating, small as it is, and useless as it is as a protective measure for weather and parasites, is undoubtedly a vestigial hang-over of former days when in the tropics the nests were arboreal and the coating was very necessary. That enemies and weather are factors worthy of every protection in the tropics is brought out by Howes (Insect Be- havior 1919, p. 33) who says that the roach-killer, Podimn rufipcs, is a solitary mason-wasp that has taken advantage of houses and buildings provided by man since it affords "safer quarters for her nest which originally she cemented to the concave sides of stumps of forests trees." He says further that when the nests are built in shutters of houses, and are conspicuous because they are made of an orange-red clay, it is a ''regular habit of the wasp" to quickly cover her handiwork with neatly arranged layers of termites' wings, cast-off spiders' skins and other bits of refuse. Through the observations of Williams also, we have a record of the nest building habits of several species of Podimn: Podimn flavipennc of British Guiana, (loco citato p. 118) is a cockroach hunter that digs a burrow in the ground two inches deep. She carries water in her mouth to soften the clay as she makes her excavations ; and for Podimn hacmatogastrum of Brazil, also a cockroach hunter, he says that several gen- erations of this species nested in a large termite mound ; and they also nest in burrows in banks and in level ground, liams further mentions four species of Podium wasps (P. goryanutn, P. anreosericemn, P. brcvicollc, and P. rufipes) which arc masons and build typical mud-daubing nes Thus we see that our own Podium Carolina is not only unique 94 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '37 in using the abandoned cells of another insect since her sisters of various species are either excavators in the earth or builders of houses of masonry, but she is also unique in her sparing use of resin in a climate where the nests no longer need such protection. Bibliography of Prof. George Hazen French. By JOHN K. KARLOVIC, University of Chicago. A search for the more important writings of Prof. French revealed the astonishingly large number of approximately 236 titles, pertaining to many branches of science. A large number of them are of popular interest and of an educational value to the farmer and truck gardener and were published in leading agricultural magazines and papers. Many of them are of a scientific nature and professional guidance to entomologists and men of research and were issued in extensive reports and journals. The more important publications of the latter kind may be cited as follows. A biographical notice of Prof. French (1841-1935) by the present writer was published in the NEWS for November, 1935. * Lepidoptera. * Preparatory Stages of. fFungous diseases. 1877 *Lepidoptera. Trans. 111. St. Hort. Soc., New Sen, 11; 179-204. 1878 *7th Rept. 111. St. Ent., Pt. 1: 79-106, Pt. 2: 135-273. A New Species of Phigalia. [tinctorial. Can. Ent., 10: 157-158. 1879 *Report of Curator, 5th Ann. Rept. Prin. to Trus., So. 111. St. Norm. Uni., 25-42. A New Species of Arctia. [rectilineal. Can. Ent., 11: 45-46. Some New Species of Noctuidae. \Dicopis vitis, Or- tlwsia signata, Hdiotliis ilUnoicnsis]. Can. Ent., 11; 76-78. 1880 Two New Species of Ichneumonidae. \Micro(/astcr ut His, Macroccntiis iridcsccns]. Can. Ent., 12: 42-43. Prairie Farmer, 51 : 10. 1881 The Corn-Root Worm, llth Rept. 111. St. Ent 65-72 Trans. 111. St. Dept. Agr., 19: 65-72. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS The Wheat-Straw Worm, llth Kept. 111. St. Ent., 73- 81. Trans. 111. St. Dept. Agr.. 19: 73-81. The Corn-Worm or Boll-Worm, llth Kept. 111. St. Ent., 82-104. Trans. 111. St. Dept. Agr., 19: Raspberry and Strawberry Insects. Trans. 111. St. Hort. Soc., New Sen, 15: 191-208. Some New Varieties of Catocalae. \C\itocahi lacliry- niosu Gnen. vars. cvelina, zclica, C. inuuhcns Gm-n. var. hinda, C. robinsoni Grote var. cnn.'ala\. Papilio, 1 : 110-111, 218-219. Notes on the Preparatory Stages of Papilio cresphontes, Cram. Can. Ent., 13: 177-179. 1882 Synopsis of the Noctuidae of Illinois, 31 pp. Advocate print, Greenville, 111. **Plusia biloba, Stph. Papilio, 2: 113-115. **Catocala cara, Guen. Papilio, 2: 167-169. **Arctia nais, Drury. Papilio. 2: 176-179. Two New Species of Isosoma. \all\mi, cl\ui\. Can. Ent., 14: 9-11. A New Species of Icthynra. \palla]. Can. Ent., 14: 33-35. **Homoptera lunata, Drury. Can. Ent., 14: 130-134, 180. **Agrotis annexa, Tr. Can. Ent., 14: 207-210. 1883 A New Zygaenid, Triprocris martenii, n. sp. Papilio, 3: 191-192. A New Catocala. [sora]. Can. Ent., 15: 163-164. **Epilachna borealis, Fab. Can. Ent., 15: 189-191. 1884 **Catocala amatrix, Hubn. Papilio, 4: 8-10. A New Species of Gnophaela. [arizorta]. Papilio, 4: 20-21. **Drasteria erichtea, Cramer. Papilio, 4: 148-149. **Catocala ilia, Cram. Can. Ent., 16: 12-15. 1885 A New Pamphila [inyits]. Can. Ent., 17: 33-34. **Icthytira palla, French. Can. Ent., 17: 41-44. **Ichthymus ornata. Can. Ent., 17: 248-250. 1886 -jThe Death and Decline of Orchards. Trans. 111. St. Hort. Soc., New Ser., 20: 149-167. **Tetracis trianguliferata, Pack. Can. Ent., 18: 105-107. 1887 A New Homohadena. \clda}. Can. Ent.. 19: 5-6. **Apatela felina, Grote. Can. Ent.. 19: 48-50. 1888 **Catoca1a desperata, Guen. Can. Ent., 20: 28-31. Some New Noctuidae [Cucnllia Jnirtiinnini, Hadcna cvelina]. Can. Ent.. 20: 69-71. **Catocala palaeogama, Guen. Can. Ent.. 20: 108-111. 96 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '37 **Catocala innubens, Guen. Can. Ent., 20: 170-172. 1889 Notice sur le genre Leptarctia Strecker. Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 58: 493-498. A New Species of Neonympha [mitchelli]. Can. Ent. 21 : 25-27. Notes of Some California Moths. Can. Ent., 21 : 35-36. [Arctia sliastaensis Behrens iviS.j Some Texas, Arizona and California Moths. Can. Ent., 21: 161-163. **Leptarctia californiae, Walker, wi,th Notes on the Genus. Can. Ent., 21 : 210-213, 221-226. 1890 The Butterflies of the Eastern United States. 1st Edi- tion, 408 pp., J. B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia. Some New Colorado Moths. [Co.s\v/^v brucci, Tolypc distincta. Halisidota accident alls, subalpina]. Can. Ent., 22: 44-52. Some New Moths [Crocota rosa, Hcmaris brucci, Plai\ccntra gigantea]. Can. Ent.. 22: 133-135. Subdivision of Genera. Can. Ent., 22: 251-253. **Tolype velleda, Stoll. Can. Ent., 22 : 255-257. 1891 "Arctia rectilinea, French. Can. Ent., 23: 130-132. : Smerinthus ophthalmicus, I'd. Can. Ent., 23: 143-144. 1892 Notes on Pear Insects. Trans. 111. St. Hort. Soc., New Ser., 26: 62-65. **Catocala stretchii, Behr. Can. Ent., 24: 229-232. **Catocala illecta, Walker. Can. Ent., 24: 307-308. IS'H *Snme Results of Experimental Work. Trans. 111. St. Hort. Soc., New Ser., 28: 221-226. Insecticides and Spraying. Trans. 111. St. Hort. Soc., New Ser., 28 : 233-239. Description of two New Deltoid Moths. [Pseudaglossa forbcsii, Pallacliira hartii]. 111. St. Lab. Nat. Hist., Bull., 4: 8-9. : *Catocala retecta, Grote. Can. Ent., 26: 97-99. 1895 **Partial Preparatory Stages of Some Moths. \Catocala iiiiintta, Acrotis brocka, .Ipatcla sf>ini(/cra]. Can. Ent., 27: 331-332. 1896 The Butterflies of the Eastern United States. 2nd edi- tion, 414 pp., J. B. Lippincott Co.. Phila. Abstract of Talk on Sense Organs of Insects. Trans. 111. St. Hort. Soc., New Sen, 30: 237-240. 1897 A New Species of Ancyloxypha [loiif/lc\i\. Can. Ent., 29: 80. **Pyrus tessellata, Scud. Can. Ent., 29: 283-285. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 97 1898 Manual of Dissection and Histology, 140 pp., J. B. Lippincott Co., Phila. 1900 The Butterflies of the Eastern United States, 3rd Edi- tion, 425 pp., J. B. Lippincott Co., Phila. The Genus Catocala. [Catocala baniesii, n. sp. ]. Can. Ent., 32: 188-191. A Parasite the Supposed Cause of Some Cases of Epilepsy. [Gastrophilus cpilcpsalis n. sp. ]. Jour. App. Micr., 3: 1089-1090; Can. Ent., 32: 263-264. 1901 Revision of the Genus Catocala. Can. Ent., 33: 12-14. More About the Red-Winged Catolacae. Can. Ent., 33: 205-207. 1902 The Yellow-Winged Catolacae. Can. Ent., 34: 95-98. 1903 Insects Injurious to the Apple. Trans. 111. St. Hort. Soc., New Ser., 37 : 530-535. 1904 Gastrophilus epilepsalis Larvae and Epilepsy. Can. Ent., 36: 83-84. 1906 Bitter Rot and San Jose Scale. Trans. 111. St. Hort. Soc., New Ser., 40: 429-434. 1914 The Butterflies of the Eastern United States, 4th Edi- tion, 429 pp., J. B. Lippincott Co., Phila. 1916 A New Species of Catocala [julictta]. Can. Ent., 48: 72. An Annotated List of the Ants of Arizona (Hymen.: Formicidae). By A. C. COLE, JR., Dept. of Entomology, Univ. of Term. From the summits of Arizona's many heavily timbered mountains to the floors of her vast deserts and valleys is a wealth of insect life, including numberless ants. The variety of ant life is surpassed only by the number of teeming colonies of each species. Much of the state is desert. Sandy, dry and unbroken soil lies in the north and a moister region occupies the centre. These areas are especially rich in ant species. In the desert the struggle for existence has been most severe and the survivors of past periods have well established and distributed themselves in a hostile environment. Certain habitat restric- tions have limited the spread of many species, so that some of them arc found in rather small and isolated areas. These 98 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '37 "pockets" are continually being discovered, and it is chiefly through the results of these "finds" that a sizable state list has been made possible. I shall not attempt to discuss any ant extensively, or to annotate those species which have been collected by investi- gators other than myself. The notes appearing herein are original. Notes on ants which are merelv listed have been o heretofore published, and may be gleaned from the works of Wheeler, Smith, Olsen, Cole and others. That this list is probably by no means complete has been foreseen and recognized by the writer. It may be considered merely a starting point to which additional data may be ap- pended as time goes on. I have drawn freely from the publi- cations of Drs. Wheeler, Smith and Olsen. To those who have made possible this contribution to the fauna of Arizona, I am gratefully indebted. Subfamily PONERINAE. 1. STIGMATOMMA PALLIPES subsp. ARIZONENSE Wheeler. Huachuca Mts. (W. M. Mann). 2. PONERA OPACICEPS Mayr. Grand Canyon (Wheeler). 3. ODONTOMACHUS HAEMATODA subsp. DESERTORUM Wheel- er. Tucson (Wheeler) ; Phoenix (Cole). A few workers of this interesting subspecies were running about at night in a grassy lot in Phoenix. The nest was not located. 4. (.). HAEMATODA subsp. coNiNODis Wheeler. Huachuca Mts. (Wheeler, Mann). 5. O. CLARUS Roger. Huachuca Mts. (C. Schaeffer). Subfamily DORYLINAE. 6. ECITON (ACAMATUS) osLARi Wlieeler. Nogales (Oslar). 7. E. (A.) ARIZONENSE Wheeler. Nogales (Oslar). 8. E. (A.) MEXICANUM (F. Smith). Nogales (Oslar). 9. E. (A.) HARRISI (Haldeman). Nogales (Oslar); Palm- erlee (Schaeffer). Subfamily MYRMICINAE. 11. PSEUDOMYRMA PALLiDA F. Smith. Huachuca Mts. (Schaeffer). 12. MYRMECINA GRAMINICOLA subsp. AMERICANA Emery. Grand Canyon (Wheeler). 13. M. GRAMINICOLA AMERICANA var. BREVISPINOSA Em- erv. Grand Canyon (Wheeler). xlviii, '37 J ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 99 14. MONOMORIUM MINIMUM Buckley. Grand Canyon ( \\'heeler, Cole); Prescott (Wheeler); Jacobs Lake (Cole). At Bright Angel Point on the south rim of the Grand Can- yon, I found this species inhabiting small nests in the dark, rather dry porous soil beneath rocks. Winged castes were in the nests on July 20, 1931. The ground was deeply strewn with needles of Pin us pondcrosa. Spruce, cedar and some Artemisia were present. 15. SOLENOPSIS AUREA subsp. AMBLYCHiLA Wheeler. Hua- chuca Mts. (Wheeler). 16. S. HUACHUCANA Wheeler. Huachuca Alts. (Wheeler). 17. S. MOLESTA (Say). Flagstaff, Williams (Cole). The colonies were small and were all beneath flat stones. 18. S. MOLESTA var. VALIDIUSCULA Emery. Williams (Cole). One large colony was found beneath a rock in a yellow pine forest. 19. S. GEMINATA (Fabricius). Phoenix (Wheeler) ; Tuc- son (Fenner). 20. S. GEMINATA subsp. RUFA (Jerdon). Tempc (Wheeler). 21. S. XYLONI (McCook). Phoenix, Huachuca Mts., Or- acle, Texas Pass (Wheeler) ; Kingman, Peach Springs, 16 Mi. S. of Prescott (Cole). At Kingman and Peach Springs were small nests adjacent to fence posts in fine dry soil. Near Prescott the ants inhabited many small crater nests in a sandy arroyo. The colonies were large. Associated vegetation consisted chiefly of Finns pon- dcrosa seedlings, Opuntia and several grasses. 22. S. XYLONI var. MANIOSA (Wheeler). Yuma, Tempe, Yucca, Gila Bend Mts., Benson (Wheeler) ; Thatcher (R. V. Chamberlin) ; Tucson (Wheeler, Cole) ; Douglas (Cole). A hole in the fine sand near Douglas marked the nest of a medium-sizel colony of this ant. Long files of workers ex- tended to and from the nest opening. At Tucson one colony inhabited a nest beneath a flat rock in the dry desert. 23. S. XYLOXI subsp. AUREA (Wheeler). Yuma, Grand Canyon, Phoenix, Casa Grande, Pinalcno Mts., Coyote Mts. (Wheeler). 24. S. XYLONI subsp. AMBLYCHILA (Wheeler). Huachuca Mts. (Wheeler). 25. PHEIDOLE CERES Wheeler. Grand Canyon (Wheeler). 26. P. KINGI subsp. T o R P E s c E N s Wheeler. Tucson (Wheeler); 100 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '37 27. P. TEPJCANA subsp. cAviGENis Wheeler. Huachuca Alts. (Wheeler). 28. P. FIMBRIATA Roger. Nogales (Oslar). 29. P. VIRAGO Wheeler. Tucson (Wheeler). 30. P. SPADONIA Wheeier. Tucson (Wheeler). 31. P. MILITICIDA Wheeler. Hereford (Wheeler, Mann) ; Benson ( Wheeler ) . 32. P. VINELANDICA Forel. Grand Canyon (Wheeler) ; Tuba City, Douglas (Cole). A few minute crater nests of this species were observed along a small stream at Navajo Springs, near Tuba City. The area was very rocky and protected by high cliffs on the east. Vegetation was abundant, and consisted chiefly of Opuntia, Yucca, grasses and Ephedra. The soil was moist near the stream but very dry elsewhere. 33. P. VINELANDICA subsp. BuccALis Wheeler. Ash Fork, Prescott (Wheeler). 34. P. VINELANDICA subsp. CEREBROSiOR Wheeler. Tucson (Wheeler). 35. P. VINELANDICA LONGULA var. CASTANEA Wheeler. Huachuca Mts. (Wheeler) ; Tuba City (Cole). Workers and soldiers of this variety were collected from a small nest be- neath a rock at Navajo Springs, near Tuba City. 36. P. CALIFORNICA subsp. MicuLA Wheeler. Huachuca Mts. (Wheeler). 37. P. CRASSICORNIS subsp. VALLICOLA Wheeler. Huachuca Mts. (Wheeler). 38. P. COCKERELLI Wheeler. Prescott (Cockerell, Wheeler) ; Tempe (F. H. Simmons). 39. P. DESERTORUM Wheeler. Ash Fork, Prescott, Grand Canyon (Wheeler) ; Phoenix, Tucson (Wheeler, Cole) ; Selig- man, 40 Mi. S. Prescott (Cole). A few workers were foraging in the desert near Seligman. South of Prescott I collected workers from a small crater mound of sand. At Phoenix and Tucson populous colonies were beneath stones on the sandy desert plains. 40. P. DESERTORUM var. MARICOPA Wheeler. Grand Canyon (Wheeler). 41. P. BARBATA Wheeler. 20 Mi. E. Needles, California (Cole). Three workers of P. barbata were found near a road east of Needles. The nest was not located. 42. P. XEROPHILA subsp. TUCSONicA \Yheeler. Phoenix, Tucson, Douglas, 30 Mi. E. Kingman (Cole); Tucson (Wheeler). xlviii, '37J ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 101 43. P. XEROPHILA TUCSONICA var. GILVESCENS Wheeler. Phoenix, Tucson (Wheeler); Tucson (Cole). 44. P. PROSERPINA Wheeler. Tempe (Wheeler). 45. CREMATOGASTER LINEOLATA Say. Grand Canyon (Wheeler, Cole) ; Flagstaff (Cole). 46. C. LINEOLATA var. CERASI Fitch. Seligman (Cole). 47. C. LINEOLATA LAEviuscuLA var. CLARA Mayr. Arizona (Emery) ; Kingman, Douglas (Cole). 48. C. LINEOLATA subsp. c o A R c T A T A Mayr. Tucson (Wheeler). 49. C. ARIZONENSIS Wheeler. Tucson, Phoenix (Wheeler). 50. STENAMMA (APHAENOGASTER) fulviim var. TEXANUM Emery. Grand Canyon (Wheeler). 51. APHAENOGASTER TEXANA Emery. Grand Canyon (Wheeler). 52. A. TEXANA var. FURVESCENS Wheeler. Huachuca Mts. (Wheeler, W. M. Mann). 53. A. SUBTERRANEA subsp. occiDENTALis Emery. Jacobs Lake (Cole). 54. NOVOMESSOR COCKERELLI (Ern. Andre). Benson, Santa Catalina Mts., Gila Bend Mts., Hereford, Oracle, Tempe, Yucca (Wheeler) ; Florence (C. D. Lebert) ; Huachuca Mts. (Biedermann) ; Tucson (Wheeler, Cole) ; Kingman, Prescott, Phoenix, Douglas (Cole). 55. N. ALBISETOSUS (Mayr). Pinaleno Mts., Texas Pass (Wheeler) : Huachuca Mts. (Wheeler, Creighton) ; Bisbee (L. C. Murphree) ; Bonita (J. C. Bradley) ; Globe (H. C. Markman) ; Nogales (Oslar, Murphree) ; 55 Mi. S. Prescott, Phoenix (Cole) ; Baboquivari Mts., Coyote Mts. The nests found by the writer were beneath flat rocks with small pebbles distributed around the entrances. 56. VEROMESSOR ANDREI (Mayr). Phoenix, 10 Mi. E. Needles, Calif. (Cole). The nests at both localities were of the usual crater mound type, each with a single large entrance surrounded by chaff. 57. V. PERGANDEI (Mayr). Nortons, Tempe, Casa Grande, Gila Bend Mts., Santa Catalina Mts., Yucca, Yuma (Wheel- er) ; Ft. Mojada (J. Henderson) ; Tucson (Wheeler, G. von Krockow, E. A. Carpenter, N. C. Skinner, Cole) ; Phoenix (Cole). The mound observed at Tucson was large and symmetrical, about 6 inches high and 18 inches in diameter, and in a very dry section of the desert. There was a large central opening at the bottom of each deep crater. (To be continued.) 102 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '37 On Mounting Micro-Diptera. 1 By CURTIS W. SABROSKY, Michigan State College. The recent appearance of directions for collectors on mount- ing tiny insects has prompted the writer to call attention to what he regards as a far more desirable and practicable method. De- tailed directions are given below for this method (fig. 1), to- gether with a discussion of advantages and disadvantages of the common methods illustrated herewith. In many groups, such as the small, hard-shelled Coleoptera and hard-bodied Hymenoptera (e.g., Chalcidoidea), the minuten nadeln are obviously not so practicable, but in Diptera and in small neuropteroid insects such as the Coniopterygidae, they may be used to considerable advantage. The Diptera, in partic- ular, have fairly soft bodies and have body juices which are ample for attaching the specimens firmly to the pin. The writer's experience as a collector and specialist in Micro- Diptera, and the experience of other dipterists such as R. H. Painter and F. M. Hull, have led to their adoption of the fol- lowing as the neatest, most compact, and most desirable method of mounting small fiies. It results in specimens in the best condition and in the most convenient position for manipulation during microscopic examination. The general method is not entirely new, but the long estab- lished vertical manner of preparing minutens (fig. 2) seems to have prevented its popular adoption. Mr. Nathan Banks, in his excellent and comprehensive bulletin on "Directions for Col- lecting and Preserving Insects" (1909, U. S. Nat. Mus., Bui. 67, pp. 55, 56, fig. 98e), described it briefly and figured it along with other ways of mounting small insects. The method may be summarized as follows : 1. Take a thin sheet of good cork and cut it into small s, //tares, making them as uniform as possible in order to pre- sent a neat appearance. The cutting can be done rapidly with a razor blade mounted in a holder. The cork sheet is cut into 1 Journal Article No. 268 (N. S.) from the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station, xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 103 a Pio. 1 . 2 FIG. 3 long strips, and the squares cut from these. Two or three strips may he used at a time, if one is careful to cut them off squarely. As to the size of the pieces, a cork 3 mm. square and \ l /2 to 2 mm. thick has heen found to present a neat, compact appear- ance in the collection without detracting attention from the specimens themselves. Smaller ones are good, just as long as they are adequate for holding the two pins. Larger ones can he used, but they appear bulky. Since the insects to be mounted are rather small, the size of the mounts should be kept within reasonable bounds, lest the result be a collection of cork pieces among which one must peer carefully to find the accompanying specimens. 2. rush the hirt/c insect pin tliroiit/li /lie s<]uarcs, using a pinning block for uniform height. Either no. 2 or no. 3 pins are good; 1 prefer no. 3 because they do not buckle or snap back as do smaller sizes. (According to Banks, the minuten is first pushed through the cork, then into the insect, and finally the large pin is "inserted through the cork square." I believe that mounting will be expedited by taking the last step first.) 3. While holding the 'large pin plus cork' in one- hand, pick 104 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April. '37 up a minuten willi tweezers and push it tliroiioli flic cork square at right angles to the large pin (fig. 1). The blunt end of the minuten should project a bit, so that one can use tweezers and orient the insect to any desired position. The double mount is now ready for use. It is hardly necessary to state that the angle, depth, etc., of the minuten nadeln are important not only in determining the appearance of the collection but also in facilitating examination under the microscope. The collection will also appear neater if one is careful always to place the minuten on the same side of the pin, either on the side towards him ( preferred by the writer) or on the opposite side. 4. Place the insect on its left side, and impale the specimen at the desired angle. The head of the insect will then always be away from you in dorsal aspect, and the insect will be to the left of the main pin. These are the accepted positions. In order to insure a solid mount, press the insect gently against a thumb or ringer until you feel the pin prick. The minuten will then project a slight distance through the specimen, but not enough to damage the pleura or increase the difficulty of deter- mination. Better mounts will result if the pinning is done under a binoc- ular microscope, so that the minuten actually impales the in- sect. In most small Diptera, the best plane of mounting is prob- ably the lateral one, with the minuten passing through the right and left pleura at or near the suture which separates meso- pleura and pteropleura. Thus the entire dorsal aspect, the im- portant mesonotal bristles and hairs, and the legs, are left un- disturbed, and the left pleura is practically intact. In handling under the microscope, with the main pin horizontal to the base, the fly is seen in lateral aspect, which is probably the most ad- vantageous for observing the principal characters. Further- more, pinning through the pleura usually causes the wings to be extended, either horizontally or at a 45 angle, and this aids in the study of the wing venation. If a large series is available, several specimens may also be mounted in other planes. From these detailed directions, the process may appear to be xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 105 too complicated for practical use. A very little practice, how- ever, will enable one to cut the corks, pin, and insert the minu- tens fairly rapidly. Time is saved by concentrating- on each step, and by cutting or pinning a large quantity before passing to the next step. For field work, a considerable number of completed mounts is made up in advance of the time when they will be needed. Advantages and disadvantages of the various methods. 1. The principal advantage of the method outlined above (fig. 1) lies in the lessening of danger to the specimen. (By plac- ing the labels parallel to the minuten, one may also give further protection). With the minuten perpendicular to the main pin, it is a simple and safe matter to rotate by twirling the head of the pin between two fingers, in order to examine the insect from various angles. The specimen is far enough from the head of the pin so that there is little or no danger of damaging it. Regarding the objection that insects tend to flip off the minu- tens, it can be stated that there is far less trouble in this method than with points. There is practically no trouble if the minuten passes through the insect and not merely between the legs. The method possesses an added advantage for Diptera in that it does not require any affixing substances (shellac, glue, etc.), which may obscure important characters. 2. Insects mounted under the old minuten method (fig. 2) are difficult to handle with any degree of dispatch and safety. The position of the minuten results in the insect being placed near the head of the pin. If you are then removing or replac- ing specimens, with the head of the pin held between thumb and forefinger, there is great danger and likelihood of touching the insect on its precarious perch. Needless to say, one does not have to lean very hard against a fly only two to three milli- meters long before something gives way. If a person uses pinning forceps (which are not so necessary if one will only mount on a solid pin, such as a no. 3), the danger from handling is not as great. The poor specialist must then be pitied, for even if forceps are tised to remove speci- mens from box or tray, he must still take hold of the pin with 106 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '37 his fingers in order to orient the specimen under the microscope. \Yith the minuten parallel to the large pin, and with the tiny insect consequently so near to the thumb and finger hold, such orientation too often produces dire results. In olden times, this method might have been called the guillotine. 3. For best results, micro-Diptera should not be mounted in any way which requires the use of a gluing medium. Such materials all too frequently mess up the important bristles, hairs, pollen, or scales, and render the specimen practically worthless and next to impossible to identify with any degree of certainty. Cresson (1913. ENT. NEWS, 24, pp. 8-12) ably states the objections to the gluing method, and emphasizes the fact that such media often cause the fly to become greasy and discolored, and thus multiply the difficulties of determination. Of the various methods of gluing now in use, the point method (fig. 3) is the least objectionable, and indeed is to be preferred to the old minuten method. Points possess the same advantages of ease and safety in manipulation that are found in the minuten method proposed in this paper. Furthermore, if the amount of glue is reasonable and the insect is not almost submerged, the various aspects of the fly can be examined with- out much trouble. The tendency to flip off, which is a serious objection, is far more pronounced with points than with minutens. In order to mount rapidly on points, one usually tips several in glue before attaching the insects. A surface film forms quickly on most of the mounting media now in use. The result is that speci- mens often appear to be firmly affixed, whereas they are really adhering very slightly. The point then becomes an admirable springboard from which the insect may be propelled with the greatest of ease. 4. The most objectionable method of mounting, in my opin- ion, is that in which the insect is stuck directly to the main pin, without a secondary mount (fig. 4). This method possesses the undesirable features of the other methods, to say nothing of necessitating a game of hide-and-seek around the pin. The xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 107 large pin, plus the amount of glue necessary to attach the speci- men, often ohscures from one-half to three-fourths of the in- sect, besides greatly increasing the clanger from discoloration. If a smaller pin is used, it is objectionably slender and more difficult to handle. Of all the methods, the writer wishes especially to urge the adoption of the double mount with the minuten nadeln perpendi- cular to the main pin. It has the most advantages and the least objections of any of the methods. The student who adopts the mount will feel amply repaid by the fine condition of his mate- rial, either for display or for study. The Use of the Headlight in Collecting Nocturnal Spiders. By HOWARD K. \YALLACE The use of lights in night collecting and field observations has no doubt furnished much valuable material and data for biological investigations. Because of its adaptation to certain types of problems I feel certain that the method must have been used by many biologists, though how extensively I have no means of knowing. However, competent and experienced investigators from several parts of the country, who have re- cently accompanied me on field trips, have expressed surprise and enthusiasm at the results obtained by the use of the head- light in night collecting. It is the purpose of this article to bring certain aspects of the use of the headlight ] to the atten- tion of interested persons. For some years it has been the custom of graduate and under- graduate students connected with the Department of Biology of the University of Florida to make frequent excursions into the field at night with headlights, and these trips have clone much to arouse in them an interest along various lines of biol- ogical research. Several years ago the author became interested in spiders and began making a collection of Florida material. 1 The Winchester three-cell, focusing type, is the light most generally used, and considered most satisfactory, among my acquaintances. 108 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '37 Someone suggested the possibility of illuminating the eyes as a means to collecting and this suggestion was followed out with gratifying results. In fact the excellency of this method led to the development of a special interest in one family of spiders, the Lycosidae. The eyes of all the members of this family that I have encountered shine brilliantly, sparkling green, red, or yellow, and in at least some parts of the country collecting, ordinarily, is a simple matter. The spider, blinded by the shaft of light, apparently is not disturbed by the presence of the col- lector and as a rule remains motionless and is easily taken with forceps. Furthermore, every lycosid spider within reach of the headlight, whose eyes are accessible to the light rays, can be spotted. The reflections from the minute eyes of some of the smaller species, such as Arctosans and Piratans, are difficult to detect but they can be collected in this manner. Other species seem to be highly sensitive to vibrations set up in the ground or weeds and bushes by the approach of the collector and drop into their burrows or retreat into inaccessible tangles of vege- tation. These, like Lycosa curnuia Bryant, and Lycosa watsoni Gertsch, are difficult to catch and I find it much more profit- able to collect for them at night. The value of the light is well brought out by the following experience : one afternoon a strip of black, mucky beach, about one hundred yards long and thirty yards wide, on the edge of a lake and almost devoid of vegetation of any kind, was col- lected over carefully for fully ninety minutes. Two Lycosids were seen and taken. This same area was collected with a head- light about on hour after sunset on the evening of the same day. Literally thousands of eyes could be seen and specimens were collected as fast as I could go through the motions of picking them up and dropping them into a bottle. In this connection it is worth noting that almost all, if not all, of the members of the family Lycosidae in Florida are nocturnal in habit. Interestingly enough, collectors from the East and North- west report much poorer results with the headlamp and this was borne out in part by my experiences during the past sum- mer. I found spiders in abundance along the Atlantic coastal xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 109 plain and piedmont regions as far north as Virginia and in goodly numbers in Indiana, but in the mountains of \ T orth Carolina, Virginia, and Pennsylvania the results of night-col- lecting were poor. The scarcity of spiders encountered might be attributed to several factors a much less populous fauna, adverse weather conditions, or predominance of diurnal habits. T. H. Hubbell reports spider eyes just as abundant, on one occasion, on the shore and in the adjacent pine woods around Higgin's Lake, Michigan, as he has ever seen them in Florida. Also, that he observed many spider eyes in western Texas and Arizona during the past summer. It appears that an accurate estimation of the value of night-collecting for any particular region, at least for spiders, awaits the headlight exploration of a wider variety of environments and geographical regions. Lycosids are not the only spiders easily collected and ob- served at night. The eyes of species in the families Pisauridae, Thomisidae, and Ctenidae have been illuminated and web-spin- ning individuals may be located by lighting up their webs. Small species living in leaf mould, other decaying organic mat- ter, under rocks, under stones, etc., are easily spotted when they begin to move about after their hfding-places have been dis- turbed. Blinded by the shaft of light, or perhaps due to a re- tardation of their physiological activities brought on by environ- mental conditions obtaining during the night, they do not move about as actively or find other hiding-places as readily as they do in daylight. The following is a partial list of the uses of the headlight as put into practice by my associates or acquaintances: Mr. A. F. Carr, Jr., herpetologist, uses the headlight exten- sively for collecting purposes and also for making field obser- vations. He finds it especially productive in the matter of col- le^ting frogs, both large and small, particularly when they are r^ncentrated in or near water during the breeding season. The eyes of some can be illuminated while the smaller individuals can be located by their calls or songs and approached within arm's length while blinded. The fact that the beam of light directs attention to a limited area helps in detecting their form 110 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '37 or movement. Snakes, turtles, salamanders and lizards are also readily taken while blinded. Mr. Carr also recommends the use of the headlight for making observations on the breeding habits of fish, which, in many instances, are not so disturbed by the light as they are by shadows during the day. He suggests that this is an excellent way of observing reef fishes, squids, and other marine forms which cannot be approached before sunset. The same applies in general to the bottom fauna of bodies of fresh water. Professor T. H. Hubbell has contributed the following in- formation concerning the Orthoptera : Although it is not pos- sible to illuminate their eyes, night collecting in general is very useful. Many orthops move about at night whereas they are quiescent during the day. The headlight is used because of its convenience. It focuses attention on a small area, makes it pos- sible to keep moving forms in view by simply turning the head, and leaves both hands free for the manipulation of collecting apparatus. A great many diurnal orthops living on the ground, in grasses, bushes and the like, under certain meteorological conditions climb to the tops of weeds and grasses to sleep, are detectable from a distance, and can be picked off with ease. These include many swift-Hying forms. Others can be roughly located at night by their songs and by moving up carefully, stopping and turning off the light when they cease singing until they resume their songs, can be approached close enough for collection. Sometimes this procedure requires a great deal of patience but their songs can be learned in this manner and sub- sequent records made without actually taking the specimens. Mr. B. B. Fulton of North Carolina State University and Mr. E. S. Thomas of the Ohio State Museum are particularly suc- cessful practitioners of this method. Many Orthoptera live in trees and are seldom seen on the ground. The first clue to their whereabouts is usually furnished by their songs and after that it is often possible to locate them with a spot-light and subsequently knock them out of the tree with a .22 rifle loaded with dust shot. ( iiant katydids have been shot out of the tops of oak trees in this manner. Some grasshoppers with specific xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS food plants spend the day concealed within the interior of the hush and come out at night to feed. The advantage of the light in this case is demonstrated in one instance wherein Hubhell and Walker, collecting Scliistoccrca ccratiola, caught eleven hundred specimens at night and only twelve during the day. One unusual night's work in South Florida yielded two thou- sand specimens of miscellaneous ( )rthoptera, found asleep on plants. Many other insects and representatives of other groups may he collected using various applications of the headlight method. The eyes of moths and crayfish glow very similarly with a soft, red luminescence. Beetles, ants, Dermaptera, dragonflies, ant- lions and many other forms have been taken at night. In the opinion of several of my associates as well as myself, such routine collecting methods as turning over logs and stones, sifting leaf mould, tearing open rotten logs, looking under loos- ened bark on dead trees, sweeping and beating, often yield bet- ter results at night with a headlight, especially in regard to particular forms. It has also been suggested as a means of observing breeding, feeding, and other activities of many noc- turnal animals. A. New Leptinopterus from Brazil (Coleoptera: Lucanidae). By BERNARD BENESH, North Chicago, Illinois. The subjoined short diagnosis of a member of the South American genus Leptinopterus, describes an insect apparently new to science; it was recently received through the kindness of Dr. E. Franz of the Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt a/M., Germany. The insect was labelled Psalidostomus vestitus Bur- meister, 1 the specific name being retained for designation of this interesting stag-beetle. Leptinopterus vestitus (Burmeister Ms.?) n. sp. This species is a close relative of L. gracilipes Didier, 2 from which it can readily be distinguished by its slender body and vestiture. 1 Burmeister proposed the name in his Handbuch der Entomologie 1847, volume V, page 377; the scncric name is preoccupied, being used for a South American genus of Prioninae. 2 Didier, Etudes sur les Coleopteres Lucanides 1928, p. 80. 112 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '37 Head nearly quadrate, broadest in front, tapering to base, f rontally depressed, convex towards tbe occiput ( in ynicilipcs with a distinct longitudinal sulcus), finely granulate, dark cas- taneous. Antennae piceous, shining, 8th, 9th and 10th joint forming the clava, latter entirely spongy. Mandibles asymme- trical, massive, canaliculate on top, rounded laterally, porrect, slightly curved from basal third to apex, apex diagonal with three teeth, posterior the longest and pointing directly inward; basally left mandible with a strong, bifid tooth, right with an obtuse conical tooth, and anterior to these another small tooth. 1. L. gracilipes 2. L. vcstitns After Planet Diclier n. sp. Thorax broader than long, darker than the head, minutely punctate, covered sparsely with golden pile, anteriorly bisinu- ate and densely fringed with long golden hairs, sides gently narrowing to base, posterior angles diagonal, base nearly straight ; disk glabrous, with a feeble longitudinal depression. Elytra gradually tapering to apex, of much paler color than the head, finely punctulate, clothed with golden pile, obliterated in the scutellar area, becoming much more dense toward the lateral margins. Scutellum rounded ( in gracilipes it appears to be heart-shaped), nearly invisible, being densely covered by long, prostrate, golden hairs. Ventrally, mandibles black from the basal third to apex, cherry-red at base, mouth parts and gula blood-red, becoming much darker on the genae ; prosternum deep castaneous, meso- and metasternum and abdomen black, shining. Legs very slen- der, intermediate and posterior entirely black ; anterior tibiae deep castaneous, armed externallv with three strong spines, dis- tal longest; femora black; tarsi black. Principal measurements: overall length ^mandibles included) 24.5 mm; mandibles 8.5 mm; head 6.5 mm wide; prothorax 6.25 mm wide and 3.5 mm long; elytra 6 mm wide and 9 mm long. Habitat: BRAZIL; Minas Geraes Passa Ouatro. Type a unique J, in the author's collection, accession num- ber 3165, The female is unknown. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 113 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS PHILADELPHIA, PA., APRIL, 1937. ENTOMOLOGY AT THE CONVOCATION WEEK MEETINGS, DECEMBER 28, 1936, TO JANUARY 2, 1937. Our annual summary of the entomological items of the pro- grams of the American Association for the Advancement <>t Science and Associated Societies, held at Atlantic City, New Jersey, follows. The number of papers bearing on insects, including those in symposia and non-duplicating demonstrations, were : Entomological Society of America American Association of Economic Entomologists * American Society of Zoologists 29 *American Society of Parasitologists Mycological Society of America American Society of Naturalists Ecological Society of America *Genetics Society of America 16 Limnological Society of America American Society of Horticultural Science 1 *Potato Association of America 8 Total 206 These papers were distributed in subject as follows : i Geographical Distribu- tion 4 *General Entomology . . 8 *Genetics 8 Collecting and Rearing Evolution ............ 1 Methods 3 Taxonomy 5 Entomological Instruc- Parasites ' and Diseases tion of Insects 5 *Cytology 12 *General Economic En- Embryology and Life tomology 14 History 9 * Insecticides 27 Anatomy and Morphol- * Apiculture 13 ogy 3 * Arthropods Affecting *Physiology 33 Man 13 Ecology 8 *L)o. do. other Ani- Behavior 1 mals 114 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '37 Do. do. Cereals and Field Crops 18 Do. do. Truck Crops 10 *Do. do. Households 3 *Do. do. Ornamental and Greenhouse Plants 3 Do. do. Fruits a n d Fruit Trees 8 *Do. do. Forest a n d Shade Trees 3 Do. do. Miscellane- ous Plants 4 ii *Acarina 6 Orthoptera 19 Lsoptera 1 Ephemerida 1 Odonata 1 *Homoptera 17 Heteroptera 4 Anoplura 1 *Thysanoptera 4 Coleoptera (excluding Japanese Beetle) .... 19 Japanese Beetle .... 1 *Hymenoptera ( exclud- ing Honey Bee) 12 Honey Bee 7 Trichoptera 1 Lepidoptera (excluding the three following) . . 10 Codling Moth 6 Oriental Fruit Moth 1 Corn Borer 3 *Diptera (excluding Dro- sophila} 20 * DrosophUa) 16 Siphonaptera 1 Many of these figures are duplications, both between sections i and ii and also within sections. Increases in numbers of papers over the corresponding figures for 1935-36 are starred (*). Decreases are not indicated; in some subjects they are considerable. The total number of papers, 206. is below those for 1935-36 and 1934-35 (239 for each year). Both entomological societies met in Haddon Hall, their meet- ing rooms being at opposite ends of the same hall. The Ento- mological Society was presided over by Prof. H. B. Hunger- ford, University of Kansas; the Secretary was Prof. C. E. Mickel, University of Minnesota. The annual address was given by Dr. Edith M. Patch, University of Maine, on "Without Benefit of Insects," at the combined Entomologists' dinner, December 29, at 6 P. M. The President of the Economic Entomologists was Mr. Leonard S. McLaine, of the Department of Agriculture. ( Hta- \va, and the Secretary, Prof. E. N. Cory, University of Mary- land. A joint symposium of the two societies on Insects Affecting Man was held on December 28. To the great joy of all ento- mologists, it was presided over by Dr. 1.. ( ). Howard, who also occupied the seat of honor al the Fnlomologists' dinner. Entomologists were represented also in the symposium of the Fcological Society on Fxpcrimenlal Populations, December 2'), and in that of many societies on Supra-specific Variation in Nature and in Classification, on December 31. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 115 Entomological Literature COMPILED BY V. S. L. PATE, LAURA S. MACKEY and E. T. CRESSON. JR. Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining to the .En- tomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and Myriopoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted; but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, whether relating to American or exotic species will be recorded. The figures within brackets [ ] refer to the journal in which the paper appeared, as numbered in the list of Periodicals and Serials published in our January and June issues. This list may be secured from the IHID- lisher of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for lOc. The number of, or annual volume, and in some cases the part, heft, &c. the latter within ( ) follows; then the pagination follows the colon : All continued papers, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their first installments. (*) Papers containing new forms or names not so stated In titles, have an * within parentheses thus (*) following the pagination of reference to paper. (S) Papers pertaining- exclusively to neotropical species, and not so Indicated in the title, have the symbol (S) at the end of the title of the paper. For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Rec- ord, Office of Experiment Stations, "Washington. Also Review of Applied Entomology, Series A, London. For records of papers on Medical Ento- mology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B. Note. Titles of papers containing new forms or new names will be Indicated by an asterisk within parentheses at end of reference, (). Papers published in the Entomological News are not listed. GENERAL. Anon. The verms flytrap in action. fXat. Mag.] 29: 154-155, ill. Brownell, L. W Some American insect galls. [Nat. Mag.] 29: 159-161, ill. Claassen, P. W. On preparing specimens for determination. [Ward's Ent. Bull.] 4: 1-2. Curran, C. H. Insect lore of the Aztecs [Nat. Hist., N. Y.] 39: 196-203. ill. Johnson, H. A.- Attractivity of light for Anopheles mosquitoes. [Jour. Tenn. Acad. Sci.] 12: 104-106, 'ill. Kemner, N. A. Det femte Nordiska Entomologimotet i Lund 3-6 augusti 1936. [Opuscula Entomologica] 1: 65-101. McDunnough, J. H. -Directions for collecting and preserving insects. [Dom. Canada, Dept. Agr.] Circ. 110: 14pp.. ill. Passmore, L. The tarantula builds her eggsac. [Nat. Mag.] 29: 166-167, ill. Plaumann, F. Im Urwald. [17] 54: 213-216. Rosa, A. F. The influence of bird migration upon the distribu- tion of mimetic species of Lepidoptera. [9] 70: 32-37, ill. ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, ETC. Abbott, C. E- The physiology of insect senses. [70] 16: 225-280, ill. Agrell, I. Der Sexualdimorphismus der ausseren Genital- ien bei den Collembolen, nebst Bemerkungen uber Vers chiedenheiten in Grosse und Frequenz der Geschlechter bei denselben. [Opus. Entom.. Lund | 1: 119-127. ill. Auel, H. -Einfluss der Witterungselemente auf die Grosse von Pieris brassicae (Lepid.). [65] 23: 596-602. Auerbach, C. 116 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '37 -The development of the legs, wings, and halteres in wild type and some mutant strains of Drosophila melanogaster. [Trans. Ry. Soc. Eclinb.] 58: 787-816, ill. Clancy & Beadle. Ovary transplants in Drosophila melanogaster : Studies of the characters singed, fused and female-sterile. [92] 72: 47-56. Cooper, K. W. Reproductive behaviour and hap- loid parthenogenesis in the grass mite, Pediculopsis gram- i mi m (Acarina, Tarsonemidae). [Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.] 23: 41-44, ill. Dethier, V. G. Gustation & olfaction in Lepidopterous larvae. [92] 72: 7-23. ill. Dreyer, T. F- Wing abnormality in Locustana pardalina. [Nature] 139: 197, ill. Fortner, G- Zur Ernahrungsfrage der Simulium- larve. [46] 32: 360-383. ill. v. Frankenberg, G. Die "Selb- stsamputation" der Eintagsfliegen. [46] 32: 384-390, ill. Hohorst, W. Die Begattungsbiologie der Grille Oecan- thus pellucens. [46] 32: 227-275, ill. Hoppe, E. Unter- suchungen uber die Vitalitat zweier Stamme von Habro- bracon juglamlis unter verschiedenen Bedingungen. [65] 23 : 559-577. Johnson, H. A. Attractivity of light for Anopheles mosquitoes. [J. Tenn. Acad. Sci.] 12: 104-106, ill. Krawany, H. Die metamorphose von Leptocerus al- boguttatus, Synagapetus armatus und Rhyacophila horti- cornis. [Internationale Revue] 34: 1-14, ill. Marsh, F. L. -Ecological observations upon the enemies of Cecropia, with particular reference to its Hymenopterous parasites. [84] 18: 106-112. Profft, J. Beitrage zur Symbiose der Aphiden und Psylliden. [46] 32: 289-326, ill. Schuch, K.- Beitrage zur Ernahrungsphysiologie der Larve des Haus- bockkafers (Hylotrupes bajulus). [65] 23: 547-558. ill. Schulze, P. Trilobita, Xiphosura, Acarina. Eine morpholo- gische untersuchungen uber plangleichkeit zwischen Trilo- biten und Spinnentiere. 1 46] 32:' 181-226, ill. Seidel, F.- Entwicklungs physiologic. Arthropoda. [Fortschr. Zool.] 1 : 413-421, ill. Steiner, P. Beitrag zur Fortpflanzsbiologie und Morphologic des genitalapparates von Boreus hiemalis. [46] 32: 276-288, ill. ' Hausbockuntersuchungen. (1 Mittl.) Uber den Einfiuss von Temperatur und Feuchtigkeit auf das Eistadium und Bemerkungen zur Biologic der Imago. [65] 23: 531-546, ill. Thalenhorst, W. Yersuche uber die \Yirkung von Kontaktstaubemitteln auf Pieris brassicae unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Abhangigkeit von biotischen und abic-tischen Faktorten. (Zugleich ein Ver- such zur Ausgestakung der Prufungsmethodik. ) [65] 23: 615-652, ill. Weber, H. Morphologic und cut \vicklungs- xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 117 geschichte der Arthropoclen. [Fortschr. Zool.J 1: 111-121. Weyrauch, W. \Yeiteres uber den Internodiallauf als Aus- drucksbewegung. [89] Abt. Syst., 69: 241-252. Wiles, Tomblyn, Zucchero, Chidester. The effect of dessicated thyroid, anterior pituitary, adrenal cortex, and iodine upon inheritance, growth and maturation of Drosophila melano- gaster. [\Y. Va. Acad. Sci., Proc. Montgomery Meeting] Series 35, No. 15: p. 41. Zschorn, J. Beitrage zur Skelett- bilchmg 1)ei Arthropoclen. [89| Abt. Anat., 62: 323-348, ill. ARACHNIDA AND MYRIOPODA. Checkering, A. M. The Clubionidae of Barro Colorado Island, Panama. [Trans. Amer. Micr. Soc.] 56: 1-47, ill.. (*). Jacot, A. P. More primitive moss-mites of North Carolina, f J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc.] 52: 247-253, ill. (*). New moss-mites, chiefly midwestern, II. [Amer. Midi. Nat.] 18: 237-250, ill. Roewer-Bremen, C. F. Zwei sonderbare Pachylinen aus Peru. [Verof. Deut. Kol.-u. Uebersee-Mus. Bremen] 1 : 341-343, ill. Stoner, D. A method of dispersal of the black widow spider. [68] 85: 219. Wilson, J. W. Oribata and Belba from Florida (Acarina, Oribatinae). [J. Elisha Mit- chell Sci. Soc.] 52: 255-268, ill. (*). THE SMALLER ORDERS OF INSECTS. Koen, J. -The dragonflies of the Reelfoot Lake area. [|. Tenn. Acad. Sci.] 12: 129-153, ill. Putnam, W. L. Biological notes on the Chrysopidae. [Can. J. Res.] D, Zool., Sec., 15: 29-37, ill. Thompson, G. B. Notes on Mallophaga. V. [75] 19: 261-265. ORTHOPTERA. Chopard, L. Orthopteres fossiles et subfossiles de 1'ambre et clu copal. [24] 105: 375-386, ill. (*). Urguhart, F. A. Some notes on the sand cricket (Tridactylis apicalis). [Canadian Field-Naturalist] 51: 28- 29, ill. HEMIPTERA. DeLong, D. M. The gen. Cyperana & Paluda (Cicadellidae). [Arner. Midi. Nat] 18: 225-236, ill. (*). DeLong & Caldwell. The genus Dikraneura a study of the male genitalia with descriptions of n. spp. [10| 39: 17-34, ill. Green, S. C. Aquatic Hemiptera of Reel- foot Lake. [J. Tenn. Acad. Sci.] 12: 154-162. ill. Jensen- Haarup, A. C. Einige neue Pentatomidenarten aus der sammlung des Zoologischen Museums in Hamburg. [17] 54: 169-171, ill., cont. (S*). McKenzie, H. L. Morpho- logical differences distinguishing California red-scale, yel- 118 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '37 low scale, and related species (Diaspididae). [67] 6: 323- 336, ill. LEPIDOPTERA. Dethier, V. G. Gustation and ol- faction in lepidopterous larvae. [92] 72: 7-23, ill. Gehlen, B. Sphingiden aus Venezuela. | Verof . Deut. Kol. u. Uebersee-Mus. Bremen] 1 : 305-306. Hoffmann, F. Beitrag zur I,epidopterenfauna von Sta. Catharina, Bra- silien. [17] 54: 163-164. Meyrick, E. On Venezuelan I \vralidina and Microlepidoptera [Verof. Deut. Kol.-u. Uebersee-Mus. Bremen.] 1 : 321-334, ill. Stephan, J.- Schmetterlingsleben auf den Galapagos-Inseln. [17] 54: 165-168. Watson, F. E. New Hesperiidae from the An- tilles. [40] No. 906, 10 pp. DIPTERA. Hennig, W. -- Systematise!! - tiergeogra- phische beitrage zur kenntnis der Tethiniden (Acalypt.). | 17] 54: 136-140. ill. Lopes, H. deS. Sarcophagideos neo- tropicos nobos ou pouco conhecidos. [30] 3: 71-90, ill. Root, F. M. A n. sp. of Uranotaenia (Culicidae) from Haiti. [Journ. Parasitology] 23: 98-100, ill. Tuxen, S. L. Die Arten der Gattung Scatella (Ephydridae) in heissen Quel- len. [Opus. Entom., Lund] 1: 105-111, ill. COLEOPTERA. Bondar, G. Notas biologicas sobre Bruchideos observados no Brasil [30] 3: 7-44, ill. Ham- mer, O, H. The biology of the apple curculio (T. quadri- gibbus). | N. Y. State Ag. Exp. Sta., Geneva] Tech. Bull. No. 240: 50 pp., ill. Hinton, H, E. Ataenius chapini, sp. n. from Mexico (Scarabaediae). [10] 39: 3-7, ill. Hustache, A. Magdalinae ( Curculionidae) de 1'Americjue meridion- ale. 1 75] 19: 198-248, (*). Schedyl, K. E. Scolytidae und Platypodidae. Neue Zentral und Suedamerkanische Arten (36, Beitrag) |30] 3: 99-110. Valentine, J. M. Raciatkm in Steniridia andrewsi, a supplement to speciation in Steni- ridia (Carabidae). | J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc.] 52: 223- 234, ill. (*). HYMENOPTERA. Borgmeier, T.-- Sobre algumas formig-as dos generos Eciton e Cheliomyrmex (Formici- dae). [30] 3: 51-68, ill. Burks, B. D. The Illinois species of Brachymeria (Chalcididae). [Trans. 111. State Acad. Sci.] 29: 251-254, ill. Cockerell, T. D. A. Bees of the genus Sphecodes from Saskatchewan. |40] No. 909: 4 pp. A new xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 119 bee from Chile. |40] No. 910: 2 pp. Cros, A. Etude biologique sur un Hymenoptere chasseur de mantes, Tachysphex fluctuatus (Sphecidae) [24] 105: 35. Hedicke, H. Beitrage zur Synonymic der Apiclen. IV. | .Mitt. Deutsch. Ent. Ges.] 7: "75. Parker, H. L. On the oviposition habits of Stilbula cynipiformis ( Eucharidae). [10] 39: 1-3. ill. Ross, H. H. The nearctic sawflies of the genus Fenusa (Tenthredinidae). [Trans. 111. State Acad. Sci.] 29: 263-266, ill. Sandhouse, G. A. The bees of the genera Augochlora, Augochloropsis and Augochlorella (Apoidea) occurring in the U. S. [91] 27: 65-79.' ill. Wey- rauch, W. Wie entsteht ein Wespennest. 5 Teil. Experi- mentelle Analyse des Verhaltens von Vespa germanica und V. vulgaris beim Bauen mit Erde. [89] Abt. Syst.. 69: 215-240. ill. SPECIAL NOTICES. Beller & Bhenchitr. Prelim- inary list of insect pests and their host plants in Siam. (With notes on their injury, miscellaneous foods and utilization of the host plants.) [Dept. Agr. & Fish., Bang- kok, Siam, Tech. Bull.] No. 1, 68 pp. JOURNAL OF THE FEDERATED MALAY STATES MUSEUM, Vol. XVIII, Part 1. This is a volume of 212 pages, containing articles on many groups of insects. Its publication is due to the inde- fatigable zeal of Mr. H. M. Pendlebury, of the Selangor Museum at Kuala Lumpur, an admirable institution which I had the pleasure of visiting in 1928. An American entomolo- gist might think that these articles, on the fauna of a region so remote, had little interest for him, but there is much that is of general interest. I select a few items : (1) Kimmins, of the British Museum, reports on the Odo- nata collected by the Oxford University Sarawak Expedition, and takes occasion to list the species known from Borneo. There are 213, of which about 4S c /c are known onlv from that island. But ot the Libellulidae only about 9.5% are apparently endemic, whereas all the Cordulegasteridae and Platystictidae appear to be endemic. (2) Kleine, of Stettin, gives an account of a collection of beetles of the families Brenthidae and Lycidae. He remarks on the existence of a whole series of Lycidae, of diverse genera, and also a few Brenthidae. which occur in the moun- tains, and distinguished by their black color. The lowland species are variegated. (3) Corbet and Pendlebury have a very interesting article 120 ENTOMOLOGICAL 'NEWS [April, '37 on the butterflies of the genus Amathusia. They think that certain species of this genus may be quite distinct in one region, yet intergrade in another, and state that there is an undoubted case in Ncptis: N. nandina and ycrburyii are abundantly dis- tinct in Burma and the Malay Peninsula "and yet in Java the two are connected by intergrades and constitute a single spe- cies." May we not presume that in the former case there is some physiological barrier to crossing, which has been broken down in the latter There is one minor criticism which may be made. The authors describe a new species as Ainathnsia lioliiian Iniiiti. As they write it one might infer that luniti was a subspecies of hohnan. The name is not a binomial, nor is it a trinomial. It should surely be written A. hohnan-hnnti. T. D. A. COCKERELL. A Record of Vespa crabro Linnaeus from North Dakota (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). 1 The writer recently had an opportunity to examine a single male specimen of / V\/>a crabro Linnaeus collected at Tioge, North Dakota about the middle of September, 1933, by D. Elmo Hardy. A record of this interesting European species so far west should be of considerable interest to hymenopterists since it has been formerly known definitely only from a limited area in the far eastern states. Published records from Chicago and other parts of Illinois are, according to Dr. Bequaert (En- tomologica Americana, Vol. XII, No. 2, p. 86, 1931), not based upon specimens but upon information which is not considered entirely reliable. According to this same writer the species has been recorded authentically only from parts of the states of New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Maryland. Mr. Hardy, who collected the specimen referred to above, states that the insect was found flying low over an open field and that no other specimens were seen. Whether the species is permanently established in North Dakota or has been merely accidentally brought into the state may be determined only by future collecting in that region. C. LYNN HAYWARD. 1 Contribution No. 67, Department of Zoology and ham Young University, Provo, L'lali. EXCHANGES This column is intended only for wants and exchanges, not for advertisements of goods for sale or services rendered. Notices not exceeding three lines free to subscribers. These notices are continued as long as our limited space will allow; the new ones are added at the end of the column, and, only when necessary those at tht top (being longest in) are discontinued. Wanted Tabanidae (Horseflies and Deerflies). Exchange, pur- chase, or for determination. G. B. Fairchild, P. O. Box 272, Monti- cello, Fla. Exchange. Lcpidoptera of the Western United States for rare American or tropical specimens. C. W. Herr, Woodburn, Ore. R-3. Wanted Insects in exchange for Japanese insects or to buy. Tell me your wishes. Hiromu Yamamoto, Matsuo-Kozan. Iwategun Iwateken, Japan. Would like to exchange Southern California insects for any North American Mutillidae (wingless wasps or velvety ants). Curtis Brown, 2950 G St., San Diego, California. Wanted. To get in touch with Specialists who will make determina- tions for a share of our duplicates. We have many undetermined speci- mens from all parts of Iowa. H. E. Jaques, Iowa Insect Survey, Mt. Pleasant, Iowa. Wanted. Communication with anyone who has or is collecting Lepi- doptera in Burlington County, New Jersey Also anyone having a micro- scope for sale. E. P. Darlington, New Lisbon, N. J. Wanted for Cash or Exchange. North American Butterflies in series especially from type localities and remote places. C. F. dos Passes, Mendham, New Jersey. Wanted Collectors desiring" living pupae with cocoon attached to natural food plant of Michigan, Samia, Columbia or hybrid with S. Cecropia, write W. S. McAlpine, 575 Townsend St., Birmingham, Mich. Wanted North American Chrysididae for exchange or determina- tion, with privilege of retaining duplicates. W. G. Bodenstein, Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. Wanted Chloropidae (Oscinidae) of the world. Study, determin- ation or exchange. C. W. Sabrosky, Entomology Dept., Michigan State College, East Lansing, Mich. Wanted Heliconia from various parts of Mexico, Central and South America, especially Bolivia. Buv or exchange. F. E. Church, 15 West 67th St., New York, N. Y. RECENT LITERATURE FOR SALE BY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 1900 RACE STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA. COLEOPTERA 1024. Benesh (B.). Some notes on Boreal American Dorcinae (Lucaniclae). (Trans., 63, 1-16, 3 pis., 1937). .30 DIPTERA 1020. Cresson (E. T., Jr.). Descriptions and notes on genera and species of the Dipterous family Ephydridae. II. (Trans., 62, 257-270, 1936) .30 HYMENOPTERA. 1023. Mitchell (T. B.) A revision of the genus Megachile in the Nearctic region. V. Taxonomy of subgenus Xero- megachile (Trans., 62, 323-382, 5 pis., 1937) 1.00 NEUROPTERA 1025. Denning (D. G.). The biology of some Minnesota Tri- choptera. (Trans., 63, 17-43, 1 pi., 1937). ORTHOPTERA 1021. Rehn (J. A. G.) The Hispaniolan genus Polyancistrus (Tettigoniidae). (Trans., 62, 271-316, 2 pis., 1936) 1.00 1022. Rehn (J. A. G.) A new species of the genus Gryllita from Cuba (Gryllidae) (Trans., 62,317-322, 1937) 20 Write your name and address in the space below. If that given is not correct, please advise us. Herewith find remittance for $ , for which please send me the items checked above. KXCHANOKS (Continued) Wanted Giryj-alids of Papilio ajax and philenor, cocoons of Roths- childia orizaba and jorulla. Buy or exchange. Newark Entomological Society. Curator, Chas. Rummel, Green Village Rd., R. D. 2, Madison, New Jersey. Have large list of Lepidoptera wants and offers. Send me yours. Carpenter, Box 1344, Hartford, Conn. Wanted Specimens of North American Cephidae. Will make determinations and exchanges for purposes of revising the group. Donald T. Ries, Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. W. H. JANSON & SON. Exotic Lepidoptera Ornithoptera. Pspilio, Agrias, Morphos etc. Exotic Coleoptera- Large showy forms and rarities especially in Cetoniidae, Lucanidae, Cerambycidae etc. Lots of undetermined speciea from all families at low rates. Large exotic forms of Arachnids etc. British Lepidoptera including many fine and rare varities. British Coleoptera and other Orders. STOREBOXES, NETS, PINS, SETTING BOARDS AND OTHER APPARATUS ALWAYS IN STOCK. (Price list sent free). P. O. BOX 128, 44, Great Russell Street, LONDON, W. C. I. Established 1852. England. Scarce Literature Now Available Contributions which appeared in the various publications of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia often have been unprocurable by students on account of the rarity of separata, which in years past were not retained for sale by the Academy. All papers published since 1921, however, are now available and can be obtained from the Academy at moderate prices. In ad- dition excerpts of nearly all other papers which appeared in the ' Proceedings " or " Journal " since 1860 can be supplied. Our price lists of entomological and other publications now available will be supplied on request, and information gladly fur- nished upon any other specially desired publication of the Academy. Supplementary editions of these price-lists, contain- ing a large number of additional titles, are also in preparation. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia NINETEENTH AND THE PARKWAY, PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA Sturdy Nets for Aquatic Collecting Designed by outstanding limnologists whose wide experience in the field gives taem practical understanding of the needs o^ aquatic collecting, and built in Ward's shops to give maximum service under hard usage, Ward's aquatic nets represent the finest type of equipment available. WARD'S AQUATIC NET. Designed by Dr. S. C. Bishop. Strong, yet light in weight for non-tiring collecting. Circular or "D" net ring, 4-foot detachable hardwood handle. Heavy scrim bag. $4.50. WARD'S APRON NET. Designed by Dr. J. G. Needham. A metal net so designed that it keeps aquatic plants out of the net. Heavy coppered stee! frame with copper wire-mesh net. 5-foot detachable handle. $10.50. WARD'S SCRAPER NET. Designed by Dr. Needham for digging and scraping the bottoms of ponds and streams. Built from heavy-gauge metal to withstand the roughest usage. $9.00. Send for Catalogue No. 361, which gives complete descriptions. W A R D' S NATURAL SCIENCE ESTABLISHMENT,^ The Frank. 4 . ff'a rd Foundation ofNatu rul Science of ll:e University of Rochester READ WARD'S ENTOMOLOGICAL BU LLETIN . . . is.ued monthly 300 NORTH GOODMAN STREET ROCHESTER NEW YORK FOR SALE One of the finest collections of Palearctic Diurnals 15,000 specimens in perfect condition, all fully labelled And including very many of the rarest species and some quite unique. Offered at one quarter the original cost. Full particulars on application. Some thousands of fine Indian Diurnals, in papers named, $6.00 per 100. Fine Morphos from French Guiana, New Guiana Delias in papers (named). A very large number of bred Urania riphaeus etc. A. FORD, 42, IRVING ROAD, BOURNEMOUTH, ENGLAND RARE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LEPIDOPTERA Pinned and fully Labelled or in Papers List furnished on request CALIFORNIA INSECTARIES, INC. 1612 West Glenoaks Boulevard Glendale, California A. W. Monill, Ph. D.. Mgr, C. Henne. Lepidopteriit OGICAL NEWS MAY, 1937 Vol. XLVIII No. 5 CONTENTS Jones Cirrhophanus triangulifer Grt. (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) in Delaware ... 121 Wesson A Slave-making Leptothorax. (Hymen.: Formicidae). . 125 Malaise Fabricius as the First Designator and Original Inventor of Genotypes. . . 130 Cole An Annotated List of the Ants of Arizona. (Hym.: Formicidae) 134 Marked Migrant Butterflies (Lepid.: Nymphalidae) 140 Ferris On Certain Words Used in Connection with the Coccoidea (Homopteraj ... 141 Obituary William Morton Wheeler 143 Entomological Literature . . 144 Review of Doane, Van Dyke, Chamberlin, and Burke: Forest Insects. 149 Review of Galtsoff, Lutz, Welch and Needham: Culture Methods for Invertebrate Animals . 149 Review of Ferris: Atlas of the Scale Insects of North America. 150 PHILADELPHIA, PA. THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, 1900 Race Street Entered at the Philadelphia, Pa., Post Office as Second Class Matter. Acceptance for mailing at the special rate of postage prescribed for in Section 1. Act of October 3, 1917, authorized January 15, 1921. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS published monthly, excepting August and September, by The American Entomological Society. Philip P. Calvert, Ph.D., Editor; E. T. Cresson, Jr., R. G. Schmieder, Ph.D., V. S. L. Pate, Associate Editors. Advisory Committee: Philip Laurent, J. A. G. Rehn, Chas. Liebeck, J. Chester Bradley, Ph.D., Frank Morton Jones, Sc.D., John C. Lutz, Max Kisliuk, Jr., Wm. W. Chapman. The subscription price per year of ten (10) numbers is as follows: United States and possessions, Central and South America $3.00, Canada $3.15, Foreign $3.25, Single copies 35 cents. ADVERTISING RATES: Full width of page. Payments in advance. One issue, 1 in., $ 1.20, 3 in., $ 3.00, 5 in., $ 5.00, 7 in., $ 7.00 Ten issues, " 8.00, " 25.00, " 45.00, " 60.00 SUBSCRIPTIONS. All remittances and communications regarding sub- scriptions, non-receipt of the "News" or of reprints, and requests for sample copies, should be addressed to ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, 1900 Race Street, PHILADELPHIA, PA. MANUSCRIPTS AND ADVERTISEMENTS should be sent to the editor, Dr. P. P. Calve* t, Zoolog.cal Laboratory, University of Pennsyl- vania, Philadelphia, Pa. TO CONTRIBUTORS. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged and if they are accepted they will be published as soon as possible. If not accepted, authors will be so advised and postage requested for return of manuscripts. Articles longer than six printed pages will be published in two or more installments, unless the author is willing to pay for the cost of a sufficient number of additional pages in any one issue to enable such an article to appear without division. Proof will be sent to authors. Twenty-five extras (separates) of an author's contribution will be given free when they are requested; they will be "run of form," that is without removal of extraneous matter (parts of other articles at beginning and at end), folded, but unbound, uncut and without covers. Authors wishing more than 25 separates can obtain them, at the rates given at the bottom of this page, by ordering at the time of returning proof. When more than the twenty-five free separates are ordered, ALL the extras will be free of ex- traneous matter. The making of blocks and p-inting all illust r ations will be charged to authors. The editor will furnish cost of same when requested. Stated Meetings of The American Entomological Society will be held at 8.00 P. M., in 1937, on the fourth Thursday of each month excepting June, July, August, November and December, and on the third Thursday of November and December. Communications on observations made in the course of your studies are solicited; also exhibits of any specimens you consider of interest. The printer of the "News" will furnish reprints of articles, without covers, over and above the twenty-five given free at the following rates: One or two pages, twenty-five copies, 35 cents; three or four pages, twenty-five copies. 70 cents; five to eight pages, twenty-five copies, $1.40; nine to twelve pages, twenty-five copies, $2.00; each half-tone plate, twenty-five copies, 30 cen's; each plnte of line cuts, twenty-five cnpi 25 cents: greater numbers of copies will In- at the corresponding multiples nf these ra'es. Printed covers for 50 copies. $4.00 or more. according to numbei of papes bound. ENT. NEWS, VOL. XLVI1I Plate II. CIRRHOPHANUS TRIANGULIFER-JoNES. ENT. NEWS, VOL. XLVIII Plate III. CIRRHOPHANUS TRIANGULIFER-JoNES. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS VOL. XLVIII. MAY, 1937 No. 5 Cirrhophanus triangulifer Grt. (Lepidoptera, Noct- uidae) in Delaware. ISy FRANK MORTON JONES, Wilmington, Delaware (Plates II and III) Cirrhophanns triangulifer was superficially described by Grote in 1872 as the type of a new genus, from a specimen "shown me in St. Louis by a gentleman whose name and ad- dress I have recently unfortunately forgotten." In 1883, C. V. Riley, the aggrieved owner whose name was "unforunately for- gotten," published a figure of the venation of triangulifer, de- scribed its leg structure, its peculiar frontal protuberance, and the exsertile ovipositor of the female ; and believing that "struc- ture is a very safe guide to habit," concluded that its larva must be an endophyte an inference indeed suggested by some of these characters, but not borne out by later knowledge of its habits. Though having an extensive geographical range, and though conspicuously beautiful among our eastern Noc- t it ids, in the sixty-five years since its first description this insect has accumulated few references in our literature, none of which refer to its early stages. In Delaware, my acquaintance with this insect began on September 3, 1911, when I found a moth sitting by day in the flower-head of fiidcns involucrata, the golden yellow-brown of its wings matching closely the color of the flower. No fur- ther observations were made for six years, when on August 28, 1917, I found two more of these moths, each sitting quietly in a flower of this same species. Among these three, all flown examples, both sexes of the insect were represented. Their lethargic daytime presence in the flowers did not seem to be a feeding habit, yet by three successive observations it seemed assured that these flowers, matching so closely their own colors, must be a habitual daytime resting-place of the moths. This suggested the further possibility that the flower-heads or the 121 122 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May. '37 ripening seeds might prove to be the larval food of the species. Rather casual search was made from time to time, but it was not until mid-September, 1933, that I found a few small go] den -yellow Noctuld larvae feeding in and on the flower- heads of Bidcns involucnita. These larvae, too, matched the flower-heads closely in color, so most of them were found by looking for mutilated flowers from which the larvae had eaten some of the conspicuous yellow rays. That year, however, I did not succeed in carrying any of these larvae to the pupal stage; and the next year, though more larvae were found feed- ing in the flowers, the whole colony was so pervaded with a fungoid disease that only a single earthen cocoon was secured, and from this nothing emerged. In September, 1935, more larvae were collected from widely scattered stations for the plant, from these larvae eight earthen cocoons were secured, from which there emerged (August, 1936) three large Hyincnoptcrous parasites of as many species, two Tachinid flies, and on August 22, a flawless female of triangulifer, confirming the conjectured identity. As stated, the small flower-inhabiting larvae, when first found, were yellow, closely matching the colors of the com- posite flower. Two larval stages, succeeded this, in which in- creasing size inhibited the occupancy of a flower-head, and in these later stages the larva is usually to be found stretched longitudinally along the plant-stem beneath the flower (Plate II). Its resting attitude is characteristic: the head is retracted, the slightly swollen anterior segments are arched, and its sphinxlike attitude is enhanced by a rather prominent and acute dorsal hump on the eleventh segment. These later larval stages show wide individual differences in color-tone, ranging from greenish-yellow through olive to a more prevalent form of deep velvety brown. The intricate color-pattern varies in intensity as well as in tone, but remains otherwise identical throughout these phases. The last-stage larva has a length (extended) of about 30-35 mm., a greatest breadth of about 5 mm., and a head-width of 3.1 mm. The head (Plate III, fig. 4, front view; tig. 5, eye arrangement) is smooth, moderately polished, and marbled with xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 123 darker flecks which become concentrated into a dark vertical band on the face of each epicranium, apically broad and diffuse, narrow and more dense below and bordered laterally with a paler clear area. The pattern of the thoracic and abdominal segments is intricate, its more evident features being as fol- lows : a narrow dorso-median band bordered on either side with a narrower dark line, all more distinct on the thoracic segments except as partially obscured on Tl by mottlings which mark the position of a cervical shield, which, however, is not present as a chitinized plate ; on the thoracic segments a strongly-contrasting pale line, which passes just below the spiracle of Tl, and which on the abdominal segments is con- tinued as a series of interrupted oblique dashes, on Al en- circling the spiracle, on succeeding segments forked below the spiracle and sending a strong ray down the outside of each abdominal proleg. The most conspicuous markings of all are a series of oblique segmental spots, broadly tear-shaped, the backward-directed point of each spot originating close to the dorso-medial lines, thence expanding widely, forward and downward, and becoming more diffuse as it reaches the level of the spiracles. These spots are much more strongly marked on segments T2, T3, Al, A2, rendering these four segments conspicuously darker than those following. The spiracles are yellowish-brown with narrow black margins, and the setigerous tubercles are inconspicuous. Pupation takes place in the ground. The earthen cell (Plate II) is not composed of earth loosely compacted by the move- ments of the larva, nor of earth-fragments held together with silken threads, but is firm, compact, and thin-walled throughout, as though cemented. Rounded at the ends, it is from 16 to 19 mm. in length, 8 to 1 1 mm. wide, and its walls, exclusive of the earth- fragments which roughen its exterior, are usually less than one millimeter in thickness. In spite of this apparent fragility of construction, the cell is almost nutlike in its resist- ance to breakage. The interior is smooth, apparently unlined, and the contained pupa almost fills the cavity and to some degree seems moulded to its shape. Only a single living example of the pupa was available for ;.tudy. Its form is shown, Plate III, fig. Length, 14 mm. ; width, 7 mm. The cuticle is thin and delicate, dull ochraceous orange in color, with the dorso-caudal edges of the abdominal segments darker. The front is elevated but not acutely pro 124 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS | May, '37 duced. The labial palpi are visible, the prothoracic femora narrowly so. The cremaster is low, broad, rounded, and clesti- tuie of spines of setae. The mesothoracic spiracle is conspic- uous as a narrow pillow-shaped protrusion, strangely changing from black to shining white with changes in the angle of re- flected light. Pupation occurs in late September or early Oc- tober ; emergence of the adult, the following August. "With this knowledge of the larval habits of trianguUfcr and of its earthen cocoon, it is apparent that if Riley correctly interpreted the function of the peculiar frontal protuberance of the moth as an aid in emergence from a confined space, then that structure relates not to escape from a tunnel in root or sti'in, but to exit from the lough-walled cocoon. This char- acter, therefore, does not justify an association of inaiigulii'* r with Nonagria; and though at various times a relationship with Nonagria, with PIcIiotJiis, even with Plitsia, has been suggested, it departs from all of these in venation, in leg-structure (Plate III, fig. 2, showing single-spined fore tibia), and in the male genitalia (Plate III, fig. 1). Neither is it, in these characters, close to Cosinia orina Gn., which precedes it on our list, but in all of them it closely resembles Basil odes (compared with chrysopis Grt.) which follows it, and with which its real rela- tionship seems to lie. Bidcns im'oliicrata, with which I have found trianguUfcr in these observations scattered over a quarter of a century, is not a native of Delaware, though now in late summer its flowers transform our tidal marshes into a sheet of gold. While this plant made its appearance here about the year 1900 as an invader from the southwest, there are in Delaware ten similar (and truly native) representatives of the genus. Nor is this plant genus the insect's sole foodplant, for I am informed by Mr. Geo. P. Engelhardt that years ago he bred trianguUfcr in considerable numbers from larvae collected near Washing! MM. D. C., on a tall yellow-flowered wing-stemmed Composite (probably Vcrbcsina}. Though thus not confined even to a single plant genus, the observed correspondence between larval and foodplant colors, between the moth and its day-time resting- place, suggest a relation analogous to that existing between Rhodophora florida and Oenothera, with similar significance. xlviii, '371 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 125 A Slave-making Leptothorax. (Hymen. : Formicidae) 1 . By LAURENCE G. WESSON, JR., Haverford College. A single colony of an interesting new species of Leptothorax was taken in a large oak gall near Jackson, Ohio, near the end of July, 1935. Leptothorax (Mychothorax) duloticus sp. n. Worker: (Fig. 1), length 2.4-2.6 mm. Head longer than broad, somewhat narrower in front than behind ; the posterior Fig. 1. Leptothorax duloticus sp. n. A. thorax of worker in profile. B. head of same from the front. 1 Contribution No. 19 from the Dept. of Biology of Haverford College. 126 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS | May, '37 corners broadly rounded, the posterior border faintly excised. Mandibles 5-toothed, robust; teeth coarse, short and blunt. Clypeus convex, not impressed in the middle ; the anterior bor- der narrowly and rather shallowly notched in the middle, the sides sinuate. Antennae 11-jointed ; scape extending to the posterior border of the head ; first funicular joint as long as the succeeding joints; joints 2-7 slightly broader than long; remaining 3 joints forming a distinct club which is nearly as long as the remainder of the funiculus. Eyes broadly oval, large, the longest diameter equal to 1/4 the length from base of mandibles to posterior corner of head. Thorax moderately robust, the humeral angles rounded. Mesoepinotal constriction broad and shallow. Promesonotal suture distinct. Epinotal spines long, thick, blunt, divergent, somewhat recurved; length about 1 1/3 times the distance apart at their bases and about as long as the epinotal declivity. Petiole viewed from above with sides straight and subparallel ; about \ l /4 times longer than broad. Node high; in profile, the anterior slope is slightly concave ; the posterior slope shorter, strongly convex, subangulate ; seen from the rear the node is compressed, the summit somewhat concave with angular corners. Ventral tooth prominent, directed downward. Post- petiole seen from above slightly greater than \ l / 2 times the width of the petiole ; in profile the dorsal surface is convex and evenly rounded; the anterior angles prominent but obtuse. Gaster and legs of the usual shape for MyclwtJwra.v. Head, thorax, petiole and postpetiole very densely and coarsely punctate ; in addition the head bears faint irregular rugae on the front and vertex, coarser and subparallel rugae on the cheeks and around the antennal insertions; top of thorax bearing faint irregular rugae. Mandibles feebly shining, with sparse, irregular, longitudinal striations. Clypeus rather shin- ing, with several longitudinal rugae. Epinotal declivity, gaster and legs smooth and shining. Body bearing sparse, long, erect, obtuse hairs on vertex of head, thorax, petiole and postpetiole; less obtuse and more num- erous on the gaster. Antennae, legs and gaster bearing acute, fine reclinate hairs, rather dense on the antennae, less numerous on the gaster and legs. Color light brown; funiculi and a band across the middle of the gaster darker. Female: length 3.25 mm. Anterior margin of clypeus shal- lowly but distinctly emarginate. Antennal scape reaching to midway between the eye and the posterior corner of the head. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 127 Eyes and ocelli -large. Thorax stout, of the usual female shape ; showing distinct traces of having borne wings. Epinotal spines shorter and stouter than in the worker ; length about 2/3 the distance apart at the bases. Petiolar node as seen from behind lower and more rounded than in the worker. Head, petiole and postpetiole rather densely punctate, the punctures wide and shallow giving a subreticulate appearance ; faintly shining and distinctly rugose. Clypeus shining, with 8-10 longitudinal rugae. Mesonotum and scutellum feebly shining, with fine sparse longitudinal rugae. Pleurae shining, finely and sparsely punctate. Pronotum and epinotum finely, irregularly and rather closely reticulate-rugose, the rugae with a longitudinal trend. Gaster and legs smooth and shining. Integument covered with scattered fine appressed hairs which are more numerous on the antennae; front and vertex of head, thorax, petiole, postpetiole and gaster with additional long erect slender pointed yellow hairs. Color light brown with a darker band across the middle of the gaster ; antennal insertions and a ring around each ocellus, black. The 11-jointed antennae, marked mesoepinotal constriction and the general shape of the petiole definitely place L. dulotlcus in Mychothora.v. Apparently close to L. (M) liirticontis, it is easily separated from that species by the well-defined notch in the anterior border of the clypeus, the long rather thickened spines, the long erect obtuse hairs, and the normal character of the female thorax. Other salient characters of the species are the large eyes, the coarsely and densely punctured integument and the long antennal scapes. Described from a female and 4 workers which are deposited in the author's collection. This colony, when opened, was found to contain, in addition to 5 L. dnloticits. 11 workers of L. cnrvispinosns and 12 workers of L. louyisplnosus. Both of these latter species were abundant in the locality. The mixed colony arose either by the adoption of a dnloticus female into a mixed curvispinosus- loiujlspiuosiis colony, or through slave raids by diiloticus workers on one or both of these species. That the former method is highly improbable is indicated by the very infrequent discovery of mixed cunrispinosus-longispinosus and of dnloticus 128 ENTOMOLOGICAL xi'.ws f May. colonies. That duloticits is indeed a slavemaking species is borne out by the following observations. The dnloiicus colony, together with its accompanying curi'l- spinosns and Ioii(/ispinosits worker^ was transferred to an arti- ficial nest, and a colony of cnri'ispinosus in a twig, broken open to expose the brood, was placed about 3 inches away. The temperature was quite warm. The duloticus were very active, spending a considerable portion of their time running agitatedly around the nest. In about 20 minutes a worker dnloiicus found the currispiiwsus nest and began to examine it. She was soon seized by a curvlspinosus worker, but after they had fought for a few minutes they separated. The duloticus worker continued her exploration for a few minutes until she found an unguarded pupa, which she picked up and carried back to the home colony. The arrival of the pupa caused a little excitement in the duloticus nest. About 5 minutes later she returned to the curvispinosus colony followed by a second duloticus and two curvispinosus workers. The latter soon grappled with workers from the introduced colony while the two duloticus each picked up a pupa and returned to their nest with them. Meanwhile a third duloticns found the colony, picked up a pupa and returned to her nest with it. These three duloticus continued to return at irregular intervals and carry off the curvispinosus brood until they had taken all but some eggs and young larvae which were being carried about by the curvispinosus workers of the raided nest. The currispiiwsns submitted almost without resistance, in the main quietly allow- ing the duloticus to walk among them. Occasionally one offered resistance but the combats never lasted more than a few min- utes, ending either with the Right or injury of the cnrrispinosus. The whole procedure was slow and unsteady, requiring nearly 2y 2 hours to carry off some 14 pupae and larvae, and would undoubtedly have taken considerably more time had the cnn'i- spinosns resisted very much. Probably this passivity was due to demoralization of the colony when it was opened. In the artificial nest the duloticus were often observed to drink honey and occasionally to tend the brood: observations xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS \vhich would indicate that these ants are not wholly dependent on their slaves for support. When moving from one nesting site to another, the duloticus were carried by the curvispinosus and longispinosus workers. These observations immediately suggested a comparison be- tween L. duloticus and Harpayo.vcnns. Harpagoxenus is the only other genus known to enslave species of Leptothorax; and it is closely related to the submenus Mychothorax of Lcpto- thorax, from which it probably arose. 2 Harpagoxenus includes only two species, one in Europe and one in the eastern United States. Both species are advanced obligatory slavemakers, and both display many highly specialized morphological character- istics. Of the origin and development of the highly specialized behavior of Harpagoxenus, there has been no inkling. It is this gap between Harpagoxenus and the independent species of Mychothorax which L. duloticus with its primitive slavemaking behavior as indicated by the disorganized character of its slave raids, the apparent absence of specialized structural character- istics and the survival, in attenuated form perhaps^" of most of the instincts of independent Fonnicidac, can fill; taking a posi- tion between them which is analogous to the position of Form- ica sanguinca between Polycryus and Formica fusca. There is no apparent indication that L. duloticus is on the direct line of descent of Harpagoxenus, or even that the two forms arose from an immediate common ancestor. It is quite possible that L. duloticus is a distinct branch of Mychothorax, a group which shows a very strong general tendency toward symbiotic habits. Discovery of the male of duloticus will probably shed consider- able light on the phylogenetic relationships of that species. But whether Harpagoxenus and L. duloticus had a common ances- tor, or whether they arose independently, there can be little doubt that L. duloticus is probably very close to an hypothetical early stage in the evolution of the form of slavemaking be- havior whose highest development is displayed by Har enus. ~ Creighton, Harpagoxenus americanus slave raids pp. 11-26 Psyche 34, 1927. 130 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS | May. '37 Fabricius as the First Designator and Original Inventor of Genotypes. By RENE MALAISE, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm 50. In the ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, Vol. XLYII, Nr. 8. page 214. October 1936, the Acting Secretary of International Com- mission on Zoological Nomenclature, Mr. C. \Y. Stiles, gave "Notice of possible Suspension of Rules of Nomenclature in Certain Cases." Firstly, the so-called "Erlanger List" of 1801 is proposed to be suppressed. This suppression is well founded because : 1) This list was published in a non-scientific journal, although the author of the list, viz. Panzer, could very well have pub- lished it in such a journal as he himself was the publisher of one. 2) The enumeration of species is clearly meant as examples, which is proved by the naming, in some cases of several species, in others of none, as belonging to the different genera. Accord- ing to the rules, examples cannot be interpreted as selection of types; compare Science, n. s. Vol. 26, Nr. 668, p. 521, Oct. 18, 1907, "the meaning of the expression 'select type' is to be rig- idly construed; mention of a species as an illustration or ex- ample of a genus does not constitute a selection of a type." For that same reason the "Example" of species enumerated after each genus in the works of Latreille earlier than 1810 cannot be accepted as a type-selection. Even in this work of 1810, "Table des genres avec 1'indication de 1'espece qui leur sert de type," it is more than questionable whether Latreilk- really had the intention of designating genotypes in the same sense as we have it to-day, because in later works, when mono- graphing whole genera of Lcpidoptcra, he never selects any types. This work of his of 1810 has been definitely accepted as designation of types and may well remain as such, but Latreille was not the first to designate types, because Fabricius had already done so several years before Latreille and in the 0. >Ja ccplialotes 1:2. Hylotonia cnodis 10:29. Tcnthrcdo scroplutlariac 1:63. Lytla pratcnsis 10:16. Oryssns coi'onalns 1:1. Sire.r . . . .0 :15. Xipliydriu caniciiis 1:3. Ichneumon. .. .0:85. Crvptns serratonus* 18: 103. Bassns scdiictorins 4 :33. Brae on dcnujrator 33 :40. Pclc- cinus polyccrator 1:1. J'/iupla I'agatoria 2:33. Joppa dorsafa 1:9. Satins bicolor 1:3. Banchus venator 1:15. Ophion littcus 1:46. Foams jacnlat\or 1:3. Cynips. . . .0 :23. Diplolepis 0:24. Clcptcs ujnita 1 4:10. Eucharis. . . .0:5. Clialcis ....0:33. Leucoses ... .0:6. Cltrysis. . . .0 :33. Parnopcs carnca 1:1. Ilvanla . . . .0:8. Trypoxylon figuliis' 2:6. Podium mfipcs 1:2. Ccrof>alcs maculata? 1:9. Pompilus viatic us 12:03. Dryiints. . . .0 :5. Pclopocus lunafus' 4:11. Splic.r sabulns.i 1 :4. Pcpsis arcnaria 1 :47. Chlorion lobatuin 1 :7. Larra ....0:14. Pcnibc.v. . . .0 :21. /.///> anruta 3:13. Thvunus 0:4. 7Y/>/z/a 0:23. Bcthylus villosiis 1:8. 5co//a . . . .0:39. Hcllus 6 pnnctatits 1 :7. //.T sc.rcincta 1 :7. Ccf>li;ts pyginacHS 3:6. Sytutyris caniuta 1 :1. 1'cspa. . . .0:78. Polis- tcs lanio' 1 :57. Zcthus coeruleopennis 1 :6. Enuicncs pctiolata 1 1:23. Masaris. . . .0:1. Celonitcs. . . .0:1. Prosopis albipcs 4:14. Mellinus mvstaccus 1 :13. Philanthus. . . .0:25. Crabro ....0:25. Pemphredon leucostoma 1 1:9. O.vybclns nuif/litinis. 2:7. Hylaeus florisomnis 3 :8. Andrena carbonaria 1:26. J/r- r/?7/a tricolor 7 :33. Dasypoda hirtipcs 1 :3. Xy loco pa violacca 3:17. Bombus tcrrcstn's 4:56. Ccnlris dunidiata 1:36. y: 1 //- glossa cordata 3:4. Anthidium nninicatuni 1:11. .-J/'/.T inclli- fica 1 :12. Anthoph.ora lamtta' 1 :41. 7://rrn/ 0:10. Mclccta histrio 1:7. Epeolus variegatus 1:3. Nornada. . . .0:19. For- ;/z/Va hcrculcana 1 :75. Lasius nhjcr 1 :10. Cryptoccrns at rat us 1 1:5. ^4/fa 6-dcns 2:6. Mynnecia forficata 3:11. Dor\lns ....0:3. Af**/to....O:Sl/ In many cases the above list will cause changes that are 1 Not originally included, or for other reasons doul)tful if valid as genotype. 2 Compare: Entonn.l. 'J'idskr. vol. 5S ims. I-II, p. 65 (1937), xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS most unwelcome, but any attempt to rule out the designations of Fabricius will only be temporary, as the truth in the end will survive, and it is generally considered that the author him- self knows best which species is the most typical of his own genus. It would be most unfair to Fabricius to punish him for not inventing the name at the same time as the idea, since he has marked out his selections so clearly. If, through ignor- ance of the designations of Fabricus, or for some other reasons, a code or rule has been enforced to accept as valid only such designations as mention the word "type," this is wrong and is a mistake that must be corrected. Regarding my own special group, the Tenthredinidae, the changes will be : 1 ) In the so-called Erlanger List, Tcnthrcdo scrophnlariac was type of the genus Allantus, but will now become the type of Tcnthrcdo. Already in older times, when only the fauna of Europe was considered, difficulties arose to keep these two genera apart, but as our knowledge, especially of the Asiatic fauna, grew, it became necessary to merge the two genera into one. This has also been done in a monograph of the South-Palearctic and Indo-Malayan Sawfly-fauna, of which the present author has just completed the manuscript of the first part. The former genus Tcnthrcdclla Rhw. ( Tenthredo Konow et auct. plur. ) can only be retained as a subgenus. After this suppressed list of 1801, Allantus was first used by I'an/cr in 1805, Heft 87, Xr. 18, as the name for a genus and in that Heft with A. latcralis as the only species. More species \\ere included in later Hefts, but at first the genus AUantns \\as monobasic. The use of Allantus in connection with Tcn- thrcdo toyata cannot be accepted, as being doubtful from the publisher's point of view and against his opinion and accord- ingly against article 30, II, a and b in Rules of Zool. Nomen- clature (Science vol. 26). A. latcralis belongs to the genus Laitrcntia A. Costa, which latter genus becomes a synonym of the older Allantus Panz. 134 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, '37 2) As Pscudochrrclhirla manjinata L. is the genotype of C/;;/- be.v (.)!., the genus \ve hitherto have called Ciuibc.v will he without a name and I propose therefore to call it Neocimbex n. n. with Tcnthrcdo (Cimhex) //tfra L. as genotype. 3) With Lv usage in which the present writer has participated. Smith's glossary lists "exuvia-iae-ium : the cast skin of a larval insect." and apparently all these forms have been used rather indis- criminately to apply either to a single cast skin or to more than one. MacGillivray called attention to this situation and employed the singular, "exuvia." Since this appears to be the form which the Romans would have used if they had employed the singular, and such a form is much needed, it would seem to be reasonable to adopt it. Attention is called to the matter here since Mac- Gillivray 's note is buried in the midst of a mass of terminology much of which is not so clearly supportable, and it might easily be overlooked. Another word for which present definitions are somewhat un- satisfactory is "pygidium." The word is employed on the one hand to indicate "the last dorsal segment left exposed by the elytra," which is morphologically a most inexact expression, since this segment is not necessarily always numerically the same, and on the other hand to designate "in 1 )iaspinae, tin- compound terminal segment," which again is morphologically meaningless. The word, however, has become so firmly estab- lished in the literature of the scale insects that it would be very difficult to secure the acceptance of any other at this late date. Xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS It may, nevertheless, be defined with somewhat more precision. With due regard to what appears to he the actual morphologi- cal situation it may he redefined in its application to the scale insects as follows : "in the Diaspididae, the terminal and dor- sally more or less scleriotic portion of the abdomen formed by the modification and partial fusion of the fifth to eleventh seg- ments." Its more exact definition as applied to other groups is no present concern of the writer. OBITUARY [The following was received by a correspondent of Prof. Wheeler. ] HARVARD UNIVERSITY Cambridge, April 21. 1937. SIR: With great regret I inform you of the death of WILLIAM MORTON WHEELER Professor of Entomology, Emeritus, and Associate Curator of Insects in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, which occurred on the nineteenth instant, in the seventy-third year of his age. Funeral services will be held in The Memorial Church on Thursday, April 22, at 2 p. M. Your obedient servant, JAMES BRYANT CONANT. 144 ENTOMOLOCU'AL NEWS | May, '37 Entomological Literature COMPILED BY V. S. L. PATE, LAURA S. MACKEY and E. T. CRESSON, JR. Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining to the En- tomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and Myriopoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted; but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, whether relating to American or exotic species will be recorded. The figures within brackets [ ] refer to the journal in which the paper appeared, as numbered in the list of Periodicals and Serials published in our January and June issues. This list may be secured from the pub- lisher of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for lOc. The number of, or annual volume, and in some cases the part, heft, &c. the latter within ( ) follows; then the pagination follows the colon : All continued papers, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their first installments. (*) Papers containing new forms or names not so stated in titles, have an * within parentheses thus (*) following the pagination of reference to paper. (S) Papers pertaining exclusively to neotropical species, and not eo Indicated in the title, have the symbol (S) at the end of the title of the paper. For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Rec- ord, Office of Experiment Stations. Washington. Also Review of Applied Entomology, Series A, London. For records of papers on Medical Ento- mr.ioe-y, s Review of Applied Entomology, Series B. Note. Titles of papers containing new forms or new names will b Indicated by an asterisk within parentheses at end of reference, (). Papers published in the Entomological News are not' listed. GENERAL. Buckell, E. R. Notes on ticks and insect parasites of game animals in British Columbia. [Proc. Ent. Soc. Brit. Col.] no. 31 : 10-16. Craighead et al. The rela- tion of insects to slash disposal. [U. S. D. A., Dept. Circ.] no. 411. 12 op. Felt, E. P. Balloons as indicators of insect drift and of Dutch elm disease spread. [Bartlett Tree Res. Labs., Sci. Contrib., Bull.] no. 2: 3-10. ill. Hopping, G. R. -Entomological illustrating. [Proc. Ent. Soc. Brit. Col.] no. 32: 20-22. Jacot, A. P. Principles of scientific publi- cation. [6] 45: 127-129. Jaeger, J, M. More than mere insects. [Nature Mag.] 28: 205-207. ill. Needham, Galtsoff, Lutz, Welch, et al. Culture Methods for Invertebrate animals. Ithaca, Comstock pub. Co., 1937. 590 pp., ill. ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, ETC. Beadle, Clancy & Ephrussi. Development of eye colours in Drosophila; pupal transplants and- the influence of body fluid on ver- milion. [Proc. Roy. Soc., London] B, 122: 98-105. Carter, W. Aphis transmittal of Commelina nudiflora mosaic to pineapple. [7] 30: 155-161, ill. Eckert, J. E. Honeybee monstrosities. [7] 30: 64-69, ill. Fife, L. C. Number of instars of the pink boll-worm collected in squares and in bolls of cotton. [7] 30: 57-63. Fox, H. Seasonal trends in the relative abundance of Japanese beetle populations in the soil during the annual life cycle. [6] 45: 115-126. Her- xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS ing, M. Analogic, Homologie und Funktions-wechsel der Basaldornes am Lepidopteren-Vorderflugel. | Parnassiana] 4: 17-20, ill. Die Genital-Morphologic von Parnassius autocrator. [Parnassiana] 4: 38-42, ill. Heriot, A. D. Notes on the moulting of mites and insects. [Proc. Ent. Soc. Brit. Col.] no. 32: 8-10. The crumena of the Coccidae and the Adelges.. [Proc. Ent. Soc. Brit. Col.] no. 33: '<. Hilton, W. A. Nervous system. LXI. Insects, Orthoptera. [13] 29: 18-23, ill. Kirkpatrick, T. W. Colour vision in the triungulin larva of a Strepsipteron (Corioxenos antes tiae). [107] A, 12: 40-44, ill. Klingstedt, H. Chromosome behaviour and phylogeny in the Neuroptera. [31] 139: 468- 469. Kozhantchikov, I. In the periodicity of mass pro- duction of insect pests. The influence of temperature and humidity on the pupal development of Agrotis segetum and on the quantity of the next generation. [Bull. Plant Prot., Leningrad] no. 19, 36 pp., ill. Maple, J. D. The biology of Ooencyrtus johnsoni, and the role of the egg shell in the respiration of certain Encyrtid larvae (Hymen.). [7] 30: 123-154, ill. Prochazka, R. Etude sur 1'importance morphomatique et systematique des ailes des Malacoder- mata (Coleoptera). ^[74] 14: 100-132, ill. Pumphrey & Rawdon-Smith. Synaptic transmission of nervous im- pulses through the last abdominal ganglion of the cock- roach. [Pro. Roy. Soc., London] B, 122: 106-118, ill. Reh- berger, K. Studies on the mouth organs of Malacoder- mata (Coleoptera). [74] 14: 44-57, ill. Richards & Miller. Insect development analyzed by experimental methods : a review. Pt. 1. Embryonic stages. [6] 45: 1-60, ill. Salt, G. The sense used by Trichogramma to distinguish be- tween parasitized and unparasitized hosts. [Proc. Roy. Soc., London] B, 122: 57-75. Sargent, W. D. The internal thoracic skeleton of the dragonflies (Odonata, Anisoptera). [7] 30: 81-95, ill. Speyer, W. Die Entwicklung von Psylla mali. [110] 3: 267-283. Tauber, O. E. The effect of eccly- sis on the number of mitotically dividing cells in the hemolymph of the insect Blatta orientalis. [7] 30: 35-39. ARACHNIDA AND MYRIOPODA. Davis, N. W.- A Cyphophthalmid from South America (Phalangida). [6] 45: 133-134, ill. Gregson, J. D. A preliminary report of the lizard-tick relationship on the coast of British Colum- bia. [Proc. Ent. Soc. Brit. Col.] no. 31: 17-21. The pro- duction of artificial conditions conducive to winter feeding of ticks. [Proc. Ent. Soc. Brit. Col.] no. 32: 6-7. 146 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, '37 THE SMALLER ORDERS OF INSECTS. Blake, C. H. What are termites? [Bull. N. Eng. Mus. Nat. Hist.] no. 83: 1-9, ill. Claasen, P. W. N. spp. of stoneflies (Ple- coptera). [103] 10: 42-51. ill. Edinger, O. H. The Smin- thuriclae of Southern California (Collembola). [13] 29: 1-17, ill. (*). Glendenning, R. The status of the gladiolus thrips in British Columbia. [Proc. Ent. Soc. Brit. Col.] no. 33: 13-14. Malcomson, R. O. Two n. Mallophaga. [7] 30: 53-56, ill. Spencer, G. J. A check list of the fleas of British Columbia with a note on fleas in relation to sawdust in homes. [Proc. Ent. Soc. Brit. Col.] no. 32: 11-17. Spieth, H. T. An Oligoneurid from North America ( Ephe- mericla). [6] 45: 139-145, ill. ORTHOPTERA. Hubbell, T. H. A n. apterous grouse-locust from western Florida. [114] no. 350. 8 pp., ill. Jacob, J. K. The European house cricket, Gryllus domesticus, now in Vancouver. [Proc. Ent. Soc. Brit. Col.] no. 32: 18-19. Qadri, M. A. H. On a gynandromorphous Forficula auricularia. [107] A, 12: 45-46, ill. Roberts, R. A. Biology of the bordered Mantid, Stagmomantis lim- bata. [7] 30: 96-109, ill. Biology of the minor Mantid, Litaneutria minor. [7] 30: 111-121, ill. HEMIPTERA. Beamer, R. H. Three n. western spp. of Erythroneura ( Cicadellidae). [7] 30: 31-33, ill. Notes on Hebecephalus with three n. spp. (Cicadellidae). |103| 10: 59-62, ill. DeLong, D. M. Some n. spp. of Ballana (Cicadellidae). [43] 37: 105-124. Dow, R. Is brood XI extinct (Cicadidae)? [Bull. N. Eng. Mus. Nat. Hist.] no. 83: 10-13. Downes, W. Additions to the list of B. C. Hemiptera. [Proc. Ent. Soc. Brit. Col.| no. 31: 46-48. Ferris, G. F. -Contributions to the knowledge of the Coc- coiclea. IV. Illustrations of thirty-six genotypes of the Diaspididae. [Microentom.] 2: 1-45, ill. Hungerford, H. B. A new Potamobates from Mexico (Gerridae). [103] 10: 63-65. Lobdell, G. H. Two-segmented tarsi in G>c- cicls; other notes. |7| 30: 75-80. McKenzie, H. I. Mor- phological differences distinguishing California red scale, yellow scale, and related species (Coccidae). [67] 6: 323- 335, ill. Metcalf & Bruner. The Cicadellidae of Cuba. [|. Agr. Univ. Puerto Rico] 20: 915-973, ill. (*.) Olds, H. F. -The distribution of the rhododendron white llv in British Columbia. [Proc. Ent. Soc. Brit. Col.] no. 32: 23-25. Spen- cer, G. J. The bedbugs of British Columbia (1'roc. Ent. xlviii, '37] EXTOMOLOGICAL NEWS Soc. Brit. Col.] no. 31: 43-45. Tuthill, L. D. The gen. Euphalerus in America n. of Mexico (Psyllidae). [103] 10: 69-72, (*). Whitehead & Eastep. The seasonal cycle of Phylloxera notabilis (Phylloxeridae). |7| 30: 71-74. LEPIDOPTERA. Bryk, F. Zur Synonymic von Ti- thorea Doubl. (Danaiclae) (Elzunia n. gen.). [Parnassiana] 4: 20-21. Fernald, H. T. An unusual type of butterfly migration. [39] 19: 55-57. Forbes, W. "T. M_.- -A new "silver-marked" Eucosma (Olethreutinae). [6] 45: 131-132, ill. Hoffmann, F. Beitrage zur Naturgeschichte brasilian- ischer Schmetterlinge. [14] 50: 430, 511-512, 525-528. Llewellyn-Jones, J. R. J. Some food plants of Lepidop- terous larvae. List 2, 3, and 4. [Proc. Ent. Soc. Brit. Col.] no. 31 : 28-32. no. 32; 29-31. no. 33: 32-34. Meyrick, E.- Exotic Microlepicloptera. 5: 65-96. (S*). Seitz, A. The Macrolepidoptera of the world. Fauna americana. Pt. 265, pp. 1193-1208, ill. Pt. 266, pp. 1185-1216, ill. Pt. 266, pp. 1217-1240, ill. Pt. 268, pp. 389-396, ill. Pt. 269, pis. only Fauna palaearctica, Supplement, Pt. 63, pp. 217-240. Tietz, H. M. The genotypes of the North American Hadeninae (Noctuidae). [6] 45: 61-107. Walkden, H. H.- Motes on the life history of the bronzed cutworm in Kansas (Noc- tuidae). [103]" 10: 52-59. DIPTERA. Alexander, C. P. New or little known spp. of West Indian Tipulidae. [J. Agr. Univ. Puerto Rico] 20: 877-882, ill. Fairchild, G. *B. A preliminary list of the Tabanidae of Florida. [39] 19: 58-63. Getzendaner, C. W. -The introduction and propagation of Digonichaeta seti- pennis, a parasite of the European earwig. [Proc. Ent. Soc. Brit. Col.] no. 33: 8-12. Jacob, J. K. Winter insects in British Columbia [Proc. Ent. Soc. Brit. Col.] no. 33: 30-31. Townsend, C. H. T. Manual of Myiology. Pt. 4, 303 pp. COLEOPTERA. Brannon, L. W. Life history of the squash beetle in Alabama (Coccinellidae). [7] 30: 43-51, ill. Felt & Bromley. A new ambrosia beetle, Xyloborus ger- manus, in America. (Bartlett Tree Res. Labs., Sci. Contrib., Bull.] no. 2: 20. Heberdey, R. Drei netie Anthiciden aus der Sammlung des Deutschen Entom. Inst. Berlin-Dahlem. [109] 4: 62-64 (S). Heller, K. M. Erganzende Bemer- kung uber kartoffelschadigende Russelkafer ( Curcurlioni- dae). [110] 3: 284-285, ilf. (S*). Hopping, R. Observa- tions on the nomenclature and taxonomy of Coleoptera. 14X EXTOMOLOr.ICAL NEWS ] May. '37 |Proc. Ent. Soc. Brit. Col.] no. 31: 33-35. Hustache, A.- Contribution aux Zygopinae de 1'Amerique mericlionale. [33] 77: 71-109. Leech, H. B The family history of Nicrophorus conversator (Silphidae). [Proc. Ent. Soc. Brit. Col.] no. 31 : 36-40. Obenberger, J. De novis generis Leiopleura speciebus (Buprestidae). |74] 14: 145-156, (S). Olds, H. F. The life history and habits of the red-legged ham beetle "Necrobia rufipes". [Proc. Ent. Soc. Brit. Col.] no. 33: 40-41. Pic, M. Nouveaux Coleopteres du Musee Zool. de Hamburg (Anobiidae and Dermestidae). [Ent. Nachr.] 10: 193-196 (S). Ouelques observations stir les Coleopteres Nilionidae. [Ent. Nachr.] 10: 196-198. Prell, H. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Dynastiden. [14] 50: 495- 496, (S*). Prochazka, R. (See under Morphology and Physiology.) Ross, E. Ueber Schmiickkafer und deren Verwendung bei verschieden Yolkern. [14] 50: 457 If ; Sanderson, M. W. A n. sp. of Phyllophaga and notes on another Scarabaeid. [103] 10: 66-69, ill. Schedl, K. Sco- lytidae und Platypodidae. [109] 4: 66-70 (S*). Seevers, C. H. N. spp. of termitophilous Staphylinidae from tropi- cal America and the Solomon Islands. [7] 30: 1-23, ill. Spaeth, F. Bestimmungstabelle der Gattung Charidotis (Chrysomelidae). [74] 14: 66-99. (S*). Wolcott, G. N.- The life history of Diaprepes abbreviatus at Rio Piedras. Puerto Rico (Curculionid : Otiorhynchinae). [J. Avr. Univ. Puerto Rico] 20: 883-914, ill. HYMENOPTERA. Fahringer, J. --Opuscula bracono- logica. Bd. 4: 257-520. Gobeil, A. R. Observations sur la mouche a scie (Tenthredinidae). [98] 44: 81-88, ill. Hase, A. Xeue Be6bachtungen uber die Mannchen und weib- chen der Schlupfwespe Nemeritis canescens (Ichneumoni- dae). [109] 4: 47-61, ill. Krombein, K. V. Studies in the Tiphiidae. I. A review of the genera of Myzininae. [7] 30: 26-30. Marsh, F. L. The biology of the Ichneumonid Spilocryptus extrematis. |7| 30: 40-42. Rayrnent, T. Biologv of a new Halictine bee and specific descriptions of its parasites. [110] 3: 288-294, ill. Smith, M. R. The Ants of Puerto Rico. [J. Agr. Univ. Puerto Rico] 20: 819-875, ill. Wheeler & Wheeler. New Hymenopterous parasites of ants (Eucharidne). [7] 30: 163-175. ill. (S). SPECIAL NOTICES. The Tsetse flies of K. Africa. A first study of their ecology \vith a view to their control. ]',y G. F. M' Swynnerton. [36] 84: 579 pp.. ill. xlviii, '37 1 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 149 FOREST INSECTS. A Textbook for the Use of Students in Forest Schools, Colleges, and Universities, and for Forest Workers. By R. W. DOANE, E. C. VAX DYKE, W. J. CHAM- BERLIN and H. E. BURKE. 1st ed. Pp. xii -|- 463, figs. 234. McGraw Hill Book Co., New York and London. $4.50. This volume brings together in a convenient form a great deal of practical information on the life histories of forest insects and the methods in use for their control. Short introductory chapters deal with the importance of forest insects, the general principles governing their control and the special methods in use against bark beetles. Then follow chapters dealing with individual taxonomic groups, giving detailed accounts of many important economic species together with briefer references to related forms. Almost 200 pages are devoted to beetles, 80 pages to lepidopterous insects ; and there are shorter chapters of 20 to 30 pages each on hemipterous, dipterous and isopterous pests. Each of the twelve chapters is provided with several pages of a classified bibliography. Added together this bibli- ography comprises a total of about 26 pages. An appendix lists the coniferous trees with their pests and there is an ex- cellent index of 29 pages. R. G. SCHMIEDER. CULTURE METHODS FOR INVERTEBRATE ANIMALS. A Com- pendium prepared cooperatively by American zoologists under the direction of a committee from Section F of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. By PAUL S. GALTSOFF, FRANK E. LUTZ, PAUL S. WELCH and JAMES G. NEEDHAM (Chairman) ; assisted by many specialists whose names appear in connection with their respective contributions to this volume. Pp. xxxii -f- 590, 84 figs. Comstock Publish- ing Co., Inc., Ithaca, New York. 1937. Price $4.00 --This volume contains 316 separate articles, contributed by 186 indi- vidual zoologists. One general article, of 36 pages, deals with marine aquaria; another, of 10 pages, with fresh water aquaria and the collection of aquatic and terrestrial forms. Craneflies, mosquitoes, surgical maggots and Drosophila each occupy from 7 to 9 pages, while all the remaining articles are quite brief. In every case the method described is that found most useful by the contributor, who is frequently an outstanding authority on the form in question. Almost half the book, 260 pages, containing 161 articles, is devoted to insects. Methods for culturing and obtaining a continuous supply of many species are given, methods that have been developed for use in the study of economic entomology both medical and agricultural, tor use in genetic research and for investigations of life his- tories and biology. A perusal of the contents of this book will no doubt often suggest some available form useful in research problems requiring a continuous supply of living material. R. G. SCHMIEDER. 150 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS | May, '37 ATLAS OF THE SCALE INSECTS OF NORTH AMERICA. By G. F. FERRIS. Stanford University Press, Stanford University California. London : Humphrey Milford, Oxford University Press. 28x21.5 cm. Serial Xo. 1, Introduction, January, 1937, and some other numbers are before us, accompanied by an explanatory leaflet on green paper. From the Introduction we learn that "This work represents an attempt to make possible the definite identification of every species of scale insect now known from North America, or which may become known during the course of its preparation. . . . The word 'Atlas' has been used in the title to convey an implication that this work will be essentially a collection of plates of illustrations with textual material reduced to the barest minimum that will suffice for necessary explanation." It is thought that the num- ber of species to be treated will be as many as 750 and the time to be occupied in publication something less than ten years. Each species will be dealt with in a separate serial number, without pagination, in loose-leaf form, each number comprising a plate of pen and ink drawings reproduced by photolith, as is also the accompanying text. Single numbers, in any com- bination or quantity, may be obtained from the Stanford Uni- versity Press. The plates are standardized as to contents and lettering and illustrate chiefly the adult female, but often details of the first and second stages also. A provisional classification is set forth in the Introduction. The "family Coccidae must be stepped up at least to a superfamily, Coccoidea*, in order to provide a better graded series of categories for the thousands of species still to be discovered." Within the Coccoidea eleven families are recognized. "In his' use of generic names the author will endeavor to be reasonable, recognizing the interest of the non-systematist in nomenclatorial stability, but none the less refusing to yield in what he feels to be scientific honesty merely to please others." The question is considered to some further extent in an interesting manner. That Prof. Ferris's Atlas will be highly useful we can not doubt, and we hope that he will be able to carry it on to its projected end. At the same time Prof. Ferris is also issuing Contributions to the Knowledge of the Coccoidea in the lately established journal "MICROENTOMOLOGY, Contributions to Entomology from the Natural History Museum of Stanford University," as in Vol. II, pt. 1, March 24, 1937, similar in style and illustrations to the 'Atlas'. P. P. CALVERT. * Tillyard, Insects of Australia and New Zealand, l ( )2n, p. I/O. and possibly others have done this, while Dr. Pierce lias the order Cixxoptera, ENT. NEWS, 47: 257-263, Dec., 1936. EXCHANGES This column is intended only for wants and exchanges, not for advertisements of goods for sale or services rendered. Notices not exceeding three lines free to subscribers. These notices are continued as long as our limited space will allow; the new ones are added at the end of the column, and, only when necessary those at tht top (being longest in) are discontinued. Wanted Tabanidae (Horseflies and Deer flies). Exchange, pur- chase, or for determination. G. B. Fairchild, P. O. Box 272, Monti- cello, Fla. Exchange. Lcpidoptera of the Western United States for rare American or tropical specimens. C. W. Herr, Woodburn, Ore. R-3. Wanted Insects in exchange for Japanese insects or to buy. Tell me your wishes. Hiromu Yamamoto, Matsuo-Kozan. Iwategun Iwateken, Japan. Would like to exchange Southern California insects for any North American Mutillidae (wingless wasps or velvety ants). Curtis Brown, 2950 G St., San Diego, California. Wanted. To get in touch with Specialists who will make determina- tions for a share of our duplicates. We have many undetermined speci- mens from all parts of Iowa. H. E. Jaques, Iowa Insect Survey, Mt. Pleasant, Iowa. Wanted. Communication with anyone who has or is collecting Lepi- doptera in Burlington County, New Jersey Also anyone having a micro- scope for sale. E. P. Darlington, New Lisbon, N. J. Wanted for Cash or Exchange. North American Butterflies in series especially from type localities and remote places. C. F. dos Passes, Mendham, New Jersey. Wanted Collectors desiring- living pupae with cocoon attached to natural food plant of Michigan, Samia, Columbia or hybrid with S. Cecropia, write W. S. McAlpine, 575 Townsend St., Birmingham, Mich. Wanted North American Chrysididae for exchange or determina- tion, with privilege of retaining duplicates. W. G. Bodenstein, Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. Wanted Chloropidae (Oscinidae) of the world. Study, determin- ation or exchange. C. W. Sabrosky, Entomology Dept., Michigan State College, East Lansing, Mich. Wanted Heliconia from various parts of Mexico. Central and South America, especially Bolivia. Buy or exchange. F. E. Church, 15 West 67th St., New York, N. Y. RECENT LITERATURE FOR SALE BY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 1900 RACE STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA. COLEOPTERA 1024. Benesh (B.). Some notes on Boreal American Dorcinae (Lucaniclae). (Trans., 63, 1-16, 3 pis., 1937) .30 DIPTERA 1020. Cresson (E. T., Jr.). Descriptions and notes on genera and species of the Dipterous family Ephydridae. II. (Trans., 62, 257-270, 1936) ... .30 HYMENOPTERA. 1023. Mitchell (T. B.) A revision of the genus Megachile in the Nearctic region. V. Taxonomy of subgenus Xero- megachile (Trans., 62, 323-382, 5 pis., 1937) 1.00 NEUROPTERA 1025. Denning (D. G.). The biology of some Minnesota Tri- choptera. (Trans., 63, 17-43, 1 pi., 1937) .55 ORTHOPTERA 1021. Rehn (J. A. G.) The Hispaniolan genus Polyancistrus (Tettigoniidae). (Trans., 62, 271-316, 2 pis., 1936) 1.00 1022. Rehn (J. A. G.) A new species of the genus Gryllita from Cuba (Gryllidae) (Trans., 62,317-322, 1937) 20 Write your name and address in the space below. If that given is not correct, please advise us. Herewith find remittance for $ , for which please send me the items checked above. (Continued) Wanted-Chrysalids of Pa P ilio a J ax a d Philenor, cocoons of Roths- childia orizaba and jorull a - Bu y or exchange. Newark Entomological Society. Curator, Chas. pummel, Green Village Rd. ( R. D. 2, Madison, New Jersey. Have large list of iwidoptera wants an d offers. Send me yours. Carpenter, Box 1344, Hf irtford ' Conn ' Wanted Specimens ^ ^" ortri American Cephidae. Will make determinations and excl ian g es for purposes of revising the group. Donald T. Ries, Depar tment of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, N/Y. JANSON & SON. Exotic Lepidopter-0rnithopf era - Papilio ' Agrias ' Morphos etc. ,-. f. T , ry forms and rarities especially in Cetoniidae. Lucanidae. Exotic Coleoptera ^|^$ae etc. Lots of undetermined species from all families at low rate 18 ' Large exotic forms of Arachni> D L i -j i j- nany fine and rare varities. British Lepidoptera including r British Coleoptera and other Q rders ' STOREBOXES, NETS' PINS ' SETTING BOARDS AND OTHER APPARATUS AL WAYS IN STOCK. (Price list sent free). P O BOX 128 4^' Great Russe11 Street - LONDON, W. C. I. Established 1852. England. Scarce Literature Now Available Contributions \vhi ch appeared in the various publications of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia often have been unprocurable by studen ts on account of the rarity of separata, which in years past were not retained for sale by the Academy. All papers published si nce 1921 ' however, are now available and can be obtained from tP e Academy at moderate prices. In ad- dition excerpts of nearly' a11 other papers which appeared in the " Proceedings " or " Joi irnal " since 186 can be supplied. Our price lists of entomological and other publications now available will be supplie d on request, and information gladly fur- nished upon any othe r specially desired publication of the Academy. Supplement? 1 ^ editions of these price-lists, contain- ing a large number of a( iditional titles, are also in preparation. Academy of N^ tura ^ Sciences of Philadelphia NINETEENTH AND THE pARKWAY, PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA THE WARD INSECT NET SIMPLE- STRONG-PRACTICAL No item of the insect collector's equipment is as important as his net. For aerial collecting the Ward Insect Net has met world-wide approval. Its 12-inch circular frame, of heavy coppereJ spring steel wire, holds its shape under abuse, does not wobble, is easily removed for changing net bags or trans- portation. One-piece 36-inch handle of tough white birch. Net bag is best quality Brussels Netting. The Ward Insect Net is offered in two grades: With medium-mesh bag and sanded, oiled and shellacked handle, $1.65 (in dozen lots, $1.50 each ) ; and as a student net, with coarse-mesh bag and unfin- ished handle, $1.25 (in dozen lots, $1.00 each). W A R-D'-S NATURAL SCIENCE ESTABLISHMENT,^ The Frank A. Ward Foundation of Natural Science of n pal moult. The pupal skins ruptured in the mid- dorsal line through the two wing-bearing segments, the meso- and meta-thorax, connecting with a transverse split, between the thorax and the abdomen, extending along the dorsal edge of the wings to the lateral line of the pupae. Another split starting on the ventral surface, outlined the ventral edge of the wings, thus separating them from the legs and mouth parts, and continued around to the anterior dorsal surface, separating the pro-thorax from the meso-thorax. These pupal skins were much shorter than the exuviae of the caterpillar, and were very transparent and delicate ; the slightest touch causing them to break. They retained the shape after the adult had emerged. These skins were measured dry. with a rule, the female skins being much larger than the male. The following measurements are for the entire length of the pupal exuviae; 6 female measured from 19 to 23 mm. Average 20.33; 12 male measured from 15 to 17 mm. Average 15.085. Measurements of the heads. The detached heads, 212 in number, including those from every moult, before the spinning of the cocoon, were measured dry, for width. \\here the measurements of five or more heads were the same, they are recorded below. 156 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '37 No. Heads Measured Width in Mm. Probable Sex 8 8 7 9 11 37 14 28 9 7 0.4541 0.6810 0.9988 1.1350 1.4982 1.5890 1.6798 2.270 2.3608 2.4970 ^ intersex? J Probable Growth Moult Ratio 1st 2nd 1.50 d 1 ? 3rd 1.47 c? 3rd 1.66 ? 4th 1.50 3 4th 4th 1.48 ? 5th 1.51 <$ 5th 1.48 intersex? 5th 1.49 ? 9 - notal width; segments nine, ten and eleven forming a club that is gradually formed beyond the eighth; funicular segments four to nine inclusive subquadratc and smallest, each very slightly 1 Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc., Vol. VIII, No. 2, June, 1900, p. 92. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 159 narrowed to base; second and third equal in length and more robust, especially the former; first large and more or less quad- rate; ninth a little wider than the eighth and subquadrate, tenth transverse and a third wider than long, eleventh widest, irregu- larly oval and slightly oblique at apex. Pronotum transversely oblong, about one-fourth to almost one-third wider than long; apex transverse in moderate circular arc, angles slightly prominent anteriorly, arcuato-oblique, the obliquity due to the moderate oval truncature which is not polished and slightly unguiculate posteriorly; sides parallel, feebly convergent apically, scarcely sinuate behind the nodes, median denticles minute or obsolete, thence to base scarcely at all arcuate, marginal bead very narrow and not reflexed, mar- ginal fimbriae moderately short and directed backward; base feebly arcuate in middle two-fourths, thence broadly and feebly sinuate to the subrectangular angles, marginal bead distinct but not coarse; disk moderately convex, small impressions are more or less discernable against the basal margin at junction of middle and lateral thirds, internal to which small, raised im- punctate callus-like spots may be slightly evident ; at sides of the disk the submarginal surface is broadly and very feebly impressed, beginning arcuately from each basal impression and thence forward parallel to the margin toward apex. Elytral oval, widest at middle, about two-fifths longer than wide and not quite three times as long as the pronotum, base feebly and broadly emarginate, adapted to the prothoracic base, finely beaded ; humeri narrowly rounded and exposed; sides broadly and moderately arcuate, converging in apical third to the rounded apex, the latter slightly emarginate at the suture, lateral margin very narrow ; disk moderately convex from side to side, arcuately and gradually declivous in apical third ; sur- face finely punctate, punctures shallow and less sharply defined than on the pronotum, each with a very short decumbent hair; parasutural striae very fine and absent in basal fourth or third. Legs moderate in length, rather slender; metafemora and tibiae subequal in length ; tibiae gradually widening from base to apex, the anterior slightly arcuate; metatarsi two-third as long as their tibiae. Abdomen feebly convex, finely and densely punctate. Males a little less robust, body a little more convergent an- teriorly and the abdomen less convex. Female usually a little more robust, less narrowed anteriorly and the abdomen a little more convex. Measurements. (Types) Length 2.25-2.5 mm.; width 1.0-1.6 mm. 160 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '37 Holotypc, male, No. 4193, and allot \pc, female, No. 4194, in author's collection, Museum of the California Academy of Sci- ences. Collected in Glacier I 'ark, MONTANA, July, 1935, by Mr. John K. Blum, to whom the species is dedicated. Five specimens were secured. One paratype in the Author's collec- tion and two in that of Mr. Blum. Bluiuil by Casey's table falls near fniigicolu Zimm. but dif- fers notably in the character of the pubescence, body luster and punctation, as well as in size. In fnin'/icola the pubescence is moderate in length and subdecumbent ; body oblong, shining and dark testaceous in color; the measurements indicate a smaller species, it occurs in Indiana and Carolina (Zimm.). The body in bliiinii is evidently more strongly convex dorsally. Most of the species of Cryptophagus are attracted to and inhabit musty, mouldy vegetable matter if not too moist; some of the species frequent certain blossoms, as of the chinquapin oak (Castanopsis seinpervirens Dudley). Colored Glass Beads for recording data concerning Alcoholic Specimens. It is obviously desirable to mark all specimens in such a way that it can be told by inspection what data have been recorded concerning them. One may wish to know whether a given specimen has been catalogued, measured, spotted on a distribu- tion map, recorded in print, or figured; it is also important to have types, paratypes and other noteworthy specimens dis- tinctively labelled. A part of such information is ordinarily conveyed by written or printed labels, but the method is so laborious and slow that most workers simply fail to record all the information about their specimens which would prove use- ful to themselves and others. The use of minute beads of colored glass offers an easy solution to the problem, so far as alcoholic material is con- cerned. Different colors of beads are assigned particular meanings; thus a red bead may designate a type, a blue bead a specimen recorded in the literature, etc. Such beads are per- manent in color, easily seen in the vial (since they always rest on the bottom and can be "read" from any direction), harmless to delicate specimens because of their small size and globular form, and are relatively inexpensive and easy to obtain in quan- tity. Their use of course does not do away with the necessity xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 161 for labels; name, dale, collector, catalogue, and particularly type designations should never he recorded by symbols. But the use of the heads is so easy that it does maVr- possible the recording of additional valuable information without loss of time, simply bv dnmp'iv;- the proper head into the vial with the specimen at the time of recording the data. H. K. WALLACE and T. H. HUBBELL, Department of Biology, University of Florida. A Note on Reakirt's Types of Chysophanus mariposa (Lepid.: Lycaenidae). By JOHN W. CADBURY, 3o, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In connection with another paper in course of preparation on a collection of butterflies from Northern British Columbia, the writer disclosed some information on Reakirt's types of Polvoiiinidlus iiHiriposd. The following is in large part taken from two letters from Mr. William J. Gerhard of the Field Museum in Chicago. In the collection of butterflies above referred to is a single specimen of Chrysophaims nuiriposa Reakirt. 1 While making comparisons with the series of uuiriposa contained in the col- lections of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, I ran across a specimen labeled in handwriting as follows : "mariposa Reak. Type California," and below this a printed label "ex collection Skinner." Desiring further information as 10 the status of this specimen, I wrote Mr. Gerhard and he replied in a letter dated Chicago, January 20, 1937, as follows: "I am glad to say that most of Reakirt's types were acquired by Herman Strecker in some unknown manner and are still with, or in the unchanged Strecker Collections in the Field Museum. There are, however, several or more species described by Reakirt, but where the types of them are is not known. "In his supplement No. 3, to his Lepidoptera-Rhopaloceres and Heteroceres, issued in 1900, Strecker enumerates the types in his collection. Among them are listed seventy-six (76) of Reakirt's types, four of which are enumerated as Palyouiiiiaiit.t inan'posci Rcak. Three $ , one $ California. On comparing these specimens rather hastily, I find they agree fairly well, and 1 In the use of this generic name I follow Holland. See his Butterfly Book, new and thoroughly revised edition Douhleday, Doran & Co., Inc., publishers, 1931, p. 248. " 162 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '37 no doubt are types. In his description, unfortunately, Reakirt does not state the number of specimens he had before him when describing the species, and hence it is difficult to decide whether you have one of the types in the Academy or not. "As was the custom forty or fifty years ago, an author of a new species did not select one specimen of a series and mark rt type, and the remaining specimens paratype. All of the specimens were considered types and later co-types. There- fore the four inariposa types of Reakirt are simply marked 'Orig. Types, California, Coll. Reakirt.' There are no more data. "When Strecker prepared supplement No. 3, he labeled all of the types in his collection with a small red-bordered name label which served as a pin label in all cases. However, he did not indicate his types of the genus Catocala in such a manner, probably because he no longer knew which specimens of the series were really the types. But he did write 'Orig. Types or Type' on the name label, and where there was only one speci- men there is no doubt. Rut where there are many specimens, it is not known which one can be regarded as the type". I therefore wrote to Mr. Gerhard and asked him to designate the best male specimen of inariposa as the lectotype, the re- maining specimens paratypes. The specimen at the Academy will also become a paratype. In his second letter, dated Chicago, March 4, 1937, Mr. Ger- hard states that the types and paratypes of the Museum's insect collection are not yet catalogued and numbered, and that he has therefore simply pin-labeled the 3 $ and 1 5 types of P. mariposa Reak. as follows : "A $ . L(ycaena) Mariposa." Califa. Reak. Orig. Coll. Types Reak. Also on this specimen he placed a red pen-printed label "Electotype, Cadbury, 1937." The other specimens are labeled as in "a" with the additional labels : "b. $ ," "c $ ," and "d 9 ," respectively. Mr. Gerhard states that the 9 is the best specimen of the four, and that "a $ " is the best of the males. At the head of the series is pinned a larger, red-bordered label bearing exactly the same information as the smaller individual pin-labels illustrated above. I take this opportunity to thank Mr. Gerhard for this infor- mation and his trouble on my behalf. xlviii, '37| ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 163 A New Euphoria from Texas (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). By MARK ROBINSON, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Euphoria casselberryi, n. sp. Shape oblong, shining, except elytra and posterior edges of pronotum and apex of scutellum. Piceous, elytra pale yellow- ish brown except the suture, margins and a few spots on the first costae. Pronotum with a median stripe expanding on each end and a stripe along the anterior three-quarters of the margin of pale yellowish brown. Clypeus longer than broad, parallel, anterior angles rounded, apical margin feebly emarginate. Head coarsely and densely punctate, clothed with long yellowish pubescence. Pronotum broader than long, narrower in front, sides in posterior half parallel, base slightly emarginate. Disk mod- erately convex, surface densely regularly punctate except a smooth place along basal margin. Pubescence rather long and erect. Scutellum coarsely punctured on each side near the base. Elytral disk feebly convex, vaguely bicostate and sparsely punctured, each puncture bearing a moderately long yellowish hair. Pygidium feebly convex, rugose and clothed with pale yellow hairs. Body beneath and legs clothed with long yellowish hairs. Metasternal button round and hairy in front. Abdomen rather coarsely punctured. Anterior tibiae tridentate. Antennal club about as long as the stem. Length, 14.0 mm.; breadth, 7.0 mm. Tyf>c: $, Davis Mountains. TEXAS, June 30, 1930 (G. P. Engelhardt). In author's collection. I \iraty pcs: 3 $ , same data, June 30, 1931, and June, (\Y. T. Davis) (G. P. Engelbardt). Casselberryi resembles the Mexican species avita Janson, but differs, among other things, by having a shining thorax and lacking the two spots on each side of the median line on the pronotum. I take pleasure in naming this species after my good friend Mr. R. C. Casselberry. 164 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS fjune, '37 Notes on Ceraticelus formosus Banks and C. rugosus Crosby (A raneae: Linyphiidae). By C. R. CROSKY. Tn 1892 Banks described Ccratinclla fonnosa from :.\ female from Ithaca, New York. In 1905 I described Ceraticelus rugo- sus from two males from Sea Cliff, Long Island, Xew York. In the females of both species the dorsal abdominal sclerite is confined to the front of the abdomen. In 1925 Crosby and Bishop considered them identical and placed rugosus as a syn- onym of fonnosus. Collections made by Miss Bryant, Mr. Emerton and myself have shown that the favorite habitat of this spider is the ocean beach close to the water's edge. I have often wondered how Mr. Banks happened to find a specimen so far inland as Ithaca, New York. On October 20, 1936, at Lavergne, Tennessee, I collected two females which had the dorsal abdominal sclerite confined to the front of the abdomen. Later through the kindness of Dr. J. M. Shaver of Peabody College, I had the opportunity of examining a collection of spiders made at the same place by Miss Adelphia Meyers in the course of an ecological investiga- tion some time previously. Here I found three males that obviously belonged with the females I had just caught. I brought these specimens home with me and compared them with my specimens of rugosiis. They are not the same. I took them to Cambridge and with the assistance of Mr. Banks and Miss Bryant compared the females with Banks' type of for- iiwsus. They seem to be identical. The males from Lavergne, Tennessee, which belong with these females are easily distin- guished from the males from the New England coast by struc- tural characters. From this it is evident that C. formosus Banks and C. rngo- sus Crosby are distinct species and that the male of the former has at last been found. CKKATICELUS FOKMOSTS Hanks. Ccratinclla )\>nnosa Hanks, 1'roc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1892, p. 33, pi. 2, f. 55. 9 only described. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 165 $ . Length, 1.4 mm. Cephalothorax relatively more slender and elongate than in nttjosns, the head narrower, thorax dull orange yellow and head dark gray, nearly black; in ni(/osns concolorous. Sternum gray over dull orange yellow with the margin blackish, not so smooth and shining as in ntt/osus. Kn- dites and chelicerae much darker. Legs light orange yellow. Palpi darker distally. tarsus nearly black. Abdomen has the dorsal sclerite extending backward about as far as in ntgosns but much narrower, not occupying the whole width of the abdo- men ; soft parts dark gray to nearly black. Fig. 1. Lateral view of tibia of male palpus of Ccraticclus fonnosus Fig. 2. Of C. nifjosns. The palpus closely resembles that of ntgosiis in all respects except the tibia. The principal difference is in the tibial apoph- ysis ; in fornwsns it is shorter and broader ; the tip is broadly rounded. 9 . Length, 1.6 mm. Cephalothorax relatively broader than in the male; there is less contrast in color between head and thorax since there is more gray on the former; in one specimen the whole Cephalothorax is nearly black. Palpi distinctly darker distally. Dorsal abdominal sclerite confined to anterior part. The epigynum almost the same as in rnyosns. Type localities: Holotypc female, Ithaca, XKW YORK, allo- typc male, Lavergne, TENNESSEE. Tennessee: Lavergne, Oct. 20, 1936, 29 (Crosby) ; Nov. 1, 2$ (Myers), July 5, \$ (Myers). 166 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '37 Death Feigning in Sitophilus granarius L., the gran- ary weevil. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). By NELLIE M. PAYNE. In a mixed population of granary weevils there were found to be a certain number which were unable to assume the death feigning position at room temperature. Others were observed to hold the typical position for the species for only a short time. In a population of 1000 beetles of unknown ancestry taken at random from a can of infested wheat, it was found that 7 were unable to assume the position described as death feigning at DURATION OF DEATH FLIGNING I 30 \ IS o 10 /O 2.0 30 xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL DURATION OF Time in DEATH FEIGNING Seconds Temp. 4C. 10 15 18 20 22 25 28 30 35 Max. 17 20 23 43 38 25 10 10.2 10 .1 Min. 1.5 2 5 20 16 9 4 2.5 1 1 Avge. 7.8 9.4 12. 27.7 27. 18 7 6.7 6.5 .7 :AL NEWS 167 DURATION OK RETURN FROM I )E. (if those able to assume this position could not do so at 25C. With rise in temperature the number of beetles unable to feign death increased. With decrease in tern- 168 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '37 perature the number of beetles unable to feign death remained about the same as at 20C; both the length of time necessary for the righting reaction and the number of trials that were necessary before the beetle had regained a normal position steadily increased. At temperatures of 20 C. and above, the beetles required but one trial to right themselves. At tempera- tures below 20 C., beetles regularily required more than one trial. Low temperatures increased the righting time more than the duration of the feign. (Table 1 and fig. 1.). The mini- mum time required for the righting reaction came at 40 C., at which the righting time was less than one-tenth of a second. A second minimum or low value for the righting time was ob- served at 15 C. (Fig. 2.) Not only could a quantitative difference, namely the time re- quired for the reflex, but also a qualitative difference could be distinguished between the death feigning reaction at high and low temperatures. At high temperatures the beetles righted themselves quickly and accurately. At low temperatures there was a general clumsiness in the righting reaction. Beetles would move around in circles, some times clockwise, some times counterclockwise. Spiral movements in both directions were observed with the same beetle. At times a beetle would spin about on one of the hind legs before it righted itself. Spiral movements were not observed above 20 C. The effect of temperature on the righting reaction was especially marked with one beetle which was able to assume the death feigning position and to right itself in less than 5 seconds at a tempera- ture of 25C. At 10C. this same beetle was unable to right itself at the end of 4 minutes but when warmed under an elec- tric light completed the righting reaction in less than one-tenth of a second. As observed by Zacher (1930), Hlcich (1928) rind others, the death feigning position is not identical with the position in death. In Sitopliilns, dead beetles generally have all the legs extending at right angles from the body. The first pair of legs may be extended beyond the head. The antennae are held straight, generally with the ilabellum at right angles to the xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 169 scape. In so-called "death feigning" the position assumed does not closely resemble that of true death. The legs are folded upon the thorax and the antennae folded at the proximal seg- ment of the flabellum. A death feigning weevil may lie either on its side or on its hack. Dead beetles generally fall over on their sides but may lie on their backs. A lateral view of the dead beetle and of the death feigner present striking differ- ences. In one case the legs are so closely folded that they hardly make any silhouette against a background. In the other the out-stretched legs are a prominent feature of the beetle profile. If death feigning be interpreted as a protective reaction it must be assumed that the enemies of the beetle in question must be rather poor observers. It must also be assumed that the beetle does not need protection for as long a time at high temperatures as at low. Temperature was maintained within .5 of a degree of the temperature recorded in the table. Air temperature, not the temperature of the beetle, was rcorded. Beetles were marked with dots of white paint, on the head and corners of the elytra. For example a dot on the head was beetle one, a dot on the head and one on the anterior right part of the elytron was two, a dot on both the anterior corners of the elytra, three, etc. Time was recorded with a stopwatch. This method was accurate enough for the low temperatures but not at high where the actual duration of either righting or the death feigning proper was less than one-tenth second. LITERATURE CITEED. BLEICII, O. E. 1928 Thanatose and Hypose bei Coleopteren. Experimentelle Untersuchungen. Zeitschr. f. Alorphol. u Okologie der Tiere. 10: 1-61. ZACIIF.R, F. 1930 Untersuchungen ?.ur Morphologic und Biol- ogic der Samenkafer (Bruchidae-Lariidae). Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Yorratsschadlinge 6, Beitrag Arb. Biol. Reich- sanstalt. f. Land. u. Forstwirtschaft. 18: 233-384. 170 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June. '37 Asiphonaphis and Aphis Studies (Homoptera: Aphididae). 1 By GEORGE F. KNOWLTON 2 The following report deals with three species of Aslphona- plils, two of which are here described as new, 3 and several A. :^C^3F2w Ei\ 1. Asiplwmiphis pmni W. and D. Alate, A, C-D. Apterous, B, E-H ; E, lateral, and G, prothoracic tubercle. A. ntalicusis n. sp. Alato, 1-J. A. carolinciisis n. sp. Apterous, K-O. species of Aphis whose distribution in the west is incompletely known. ASIPHONAPHIS PRUNI W. and D. Bountiful, June 1929 (H. [. Pack). Drawings are of specimens from Barahoo, Wiscon- sin, July 25, 1912 (A. C. Burrill). Asiphonaphis utahensis n. sp. .I late I'k'ipara. Size 1.41 to 1.71 mm. long to base of cauda, and 0.67 to 0.8 mm. wide across the abdomen ; head and thorax black; antennae dusky to blackish, 1.03 to 1.24 mm. long; an- 1 Contribution from tlie Department of Entomology, Utah Agricultural Experiment Station. Associate Entomologist. : The writer is indebted to the U. S. National Mii-eum and Dr. 1'. "\Y. Mason for the opportunity to study the material of the two Asiphona- pliis species here described. xlviii, '37| ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS tennal III, 0.24 to 0.32 mm. long with 5 to 8 sensoria ; IV, 0.17 to 0.22; V, 0.17 to 0.2; VI, 0.1 to 0.13 + 0.24 mm.; rostrum reaching second coxae; rostral IV + V 0.114, tip slenderly obtuse; hind tibiae 0.73; hind tarsi 0.11; first and seventh ab- dominal tubercles largest, remainder present; abdomen with dusky lateral patches which converge on first, sixth and seventh abdominal segments ; small to larger, irregular dorsal dusky areas also occur; cauda black, 0.08 mm. long on median line, 0.11 total length. Taxonomy. Asiphonaphis ittalicnsis differs from A. pntni W. and D. in having fewer than 10 sensoria on antennal III and none on antennal IV; hairs on antennae sparse and incon- spicuous. Collected upon Salsola pestifer at Thompsons, UTAH, Sep- tember 13, 1929 (W. A. Shands). Type in the U. S. National Museum. Asiphonaphis carolinensis n. sp. Apterous ovipara. Size 1.71 to 1.74 mm. long and 0.88 to 0.94 wide across the abdomen: antennae dusky, 1.19 to 1.35 mm. long; antennal III, 0.34 to 0.41 mm. long; IV, 0.22 to 0.24; V, 0.21 to 0.23; VI, 0.13 to 0.146 + 0.2 mm.; rostrum reaching third coxae, tip slenderly obtuse; rostral IV -f- V, 0.1 ; legs slender and largely blackish ; hind tibiae 0.91 to 0.98; hind tarsi 0.14 to 0.16; lateral tubercles conspicuous, rather slender, on abdominal segments 1 to 7 ; areas along margins of abdomen appear broken up, possibly glandular; cauda black. Taxonomy. Asiphonaphis carolinensis has unguis less than twice the length of base, instead of nearly three times base, and more slender lateral tubercles and fewer hairs near tubercles than in A. pntni W. and D. The pattern of dorsal and lateral dusky blotches, present in A. ufuJicusis K. is lacking in A. car- olinensis. Collected on stem of (?) host, Florence, SOUTH CAROLINA, November 22, 1934 (C. F. Rainwater). Type in the U. S. National Museum. APHIS CANAE Will. Buhl, Idaho, October 1930 (D. E. Fox). A. CARBOCOLOR Gill. Castlcford, Idaho, September 12, 1932 (Fox). A. CHRYSOTITAMNI Wilson. Abundant on young bark of Chrysothamnus luiuscosns at I'irigham, I'tali, June 8, 1928 ; 4 Alulad. Idaho, June 1 ( )33. * Unless otherwise indicated, collections are by the writer. 172 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June. '37 A. CHRYSOTH AM NICOLA G. and P. Feeding upon the brown, older twig bark of Chrysothuiiinns uanseosus at Amalga, Utah, September 1, 1926, the specimens being rather sluggish and not easily disturbed. Rostral IV -(- V is significantly longer than in A. chrysothamni Wil. Hollister, Idaho, October 30, 1930 (Fox). Eagele, Colorado, August 24, 1935. A. ERIOGONI Cowen. Hollister, Idaho, October 1930 (Fox). A. FRASERAE G. and P. Burley, Idaho, October 1930 (Fox). A. HERMISTONII Wilson. On Artemisia tridentata, Eden, Utah, July 27, 1925. A. INCOGNITA H. and F. On Symphoricarpos, Cowley Can- yon, Utah, May 31, 1934 (T. O. Thatcher). A. LUGENTIS Will. Castle ford and Blue Gulch, Idaho, Sep- tember 12, 1932 (Fox). A. LUPINI G. and P. On blue Lnpinus, Florence, Montana, June 17, 1912 ( H. F. Dietz). A. LUTESCENS Monell. Hansen, Idaho, October 1930 (Fox). A. MINUTISSEMA (G. and P.) On Artemisia tridentata, 20 miles west of Castleford, September 30, 1932, and Twin Falls, October 23, 1930, in Idaho (Fox). A. MONARDE Oest. Twin Falls, Idaho, October 30, 1930 (Fox). A. NEILLIAE Oest. Murtaugh and Wendell, Idaho, October 1930 (Fox). A. OENOTHERAE Oest. Hansen, Idaho, October 30, 1930 (Fox). A. OESTLUNDI Gill. Hansen, Idaho, October 30, 1930 (Fox). A. OREGONENSIS Wilson. On Artemisia tridentata at Brig- bam, May 17, 1933; Snowville, June 192S (V. M. Tanner), in Utah. A. SALICETI Kalt. Buhl and Castleford, Idaho, October 1930 (Fox). A. SENECIO-RADICIS (G. and P.). Hansen, Idaho, October (Fox). A. SENSORIATA G. and B. Hollister, Idaho, October (Fox). A. SOLIDAGINIFOLIAE Will. Berger and Castleford, Idaho, < >rtober (Fox). A. SPIRAECOLA Patch. Twin Falls, Idaho, October 1930 (Fox). New List of Titles of Publications Referred to by Numbers in Entomological Literature in Entomological News. 1. Transactions of The American Entomological Society. Philadelphia. 2. Entomologische Blatter, red. v. H. Eckstein etc. Berlin. 3. Annales Sci. Naturelles, Zoologie, Paris. 4. Canadian Entomologist. London, Canada. 5. Pysche, A Journal of Entomology. Boston, Mass. 6. Journal of the New York Entomological Society. New York. 7. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. Columbus, Ohio. 8. Entomologists' Monthly Magazine. London. 9. The Entomologist. London. 10. Proceedings of the Ent. Soc. of Washington. Washington, D. C. 11. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift. Berlin. 12. Journal of Economic Entomology, Geneva, N. Y. 13. Journal of Entomology and Zoology. Claremont, Cal. 14. Archives do Institute Biologico, Sao Paulo. 15. Annales Academia Brasileira de Sciencias. Rio de Janeiro. 17. Entomologische Rundschau. Stuttgart, Germany. 18. Entomologische Zeitschrift. Frankfurt-M. 19. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society. Brooklyn, N. Y. 20. Societas entomologica. Stuttgart, Germany. 21. The Entomologists' Record and Journal of Variation. London. 22. Bulletin of Entomological Research. London. 23. Bollettino del Lab. di Zool. gen. e agraria della Portici. Italy. 24. Annales de la societe entomologique de France. Paris. 25. Bulletin de la societe entomologique de France. Paris. 27. Bolletino della Societa Entomologica Italiana. Genova. 28. Ent. Tidskrift utgifen af Ent. Foreningen i Stockholm. Sweden. 29. Annual Report of the Ent. Society of Ontario. Toronto, Canada. 30. Archives do Institute de Biologia Vegetal, R. d. Janeiro. 31. Nature. London. 32. Boletim do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janiero. Brazil. 33. Bull, et Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique. Bruxelles. 34. Zoologischer Anzeiger, hrsg. v. E. Korschelt. Leipzig. 35. The Annals of Applied Biology. Cambridge, England. 36. Trans. Royal Entomological Society, London. England. 37. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society. Honolulu. 38. Bull, of the Southern California Academy of Sciences. Los Angeles. 39. The Florida Entomologist. Gainesville, Fla. 40. American Museum Novitates. New York. 41. Mitteilungen der schweiz. ent. Gesellschaft. Schaffhausen, Switzerland. 42. The Journal of Experimental Zoology. Philadelphia. 43. Ohio Journal of Sciences. Columbus, Ohio. 44. Revista chilena de historia natural. Valparaiso, Chile. 45. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Insektenbiologie. Berlin. 46. Zeitschrift fur Morphologic und Okologie der Tiere. Berlin. 47. Journal of Agricultural Research. Washington, D. C. 49. Fntomologische Mitteilungen. Berlin. 50. Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum. Washington, D C. 51. Notulae entomologicae, ed. Soc. ent. Helsingfors. Helsingiors, Finland. 52. Archiv f iir Naturgeschichte, hrse. v. F. Strand. Berlin. 53. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science. London. 54. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee. Paris. 55. Pan-Pacific Entomologist. San Francisco, Cal. 56. "Konowia". Zeit. fur systematische Insektenkunde. Wien, Austria 57. La Feuille des Naturalistes. Paris. 58. Entomologische Berichten. Nederlandsche ent. Ver. Amsterdam. 59. Encyclopedic entomoiogique, ed. P. Lechevalier. Paris. 60. Stettiner entomologische Zeitung. Stettin, Germany. 61. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco. 62. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. New York. 63. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift "Iris". Dresden. 04. Zeitschrift des 6'sterr. entomologen-Vereines. Wien. 65. Zeitschrift fur angewandte Entomologie, hrsg. K. Escherich. Berlin. 66. Report of the Proceedings of the Entomological Meeting. Pusa, India. 67. University of California Publications, Entomology. Berkeley, Cal. 68. Science. New York. 69. Physis. Revista Soc. Argentina Cien. Nat. Buenos Aires. 70. Entomologica Americana, Brooklyn Entomological Society. Brooklyn. 71. Novitates Zoologicae. Tring, England. 72. Revue russe d'Entomologie. Leningrad, USSR. 73. Mem. Institute Ikuantan. Sao Paulo, Brazil. 74. Sbornik entomolog. narodniho musea v Praze. Prague, Czechoslovakia. 75. Annals and Magazine of Natural History. London. 77. Comptes rendus heb. des seances et memo, de la soc. de biologic. Paris. 78. Bulletin Biologique de la France et de la Belgique. Paris. 79. Koleopterologische Rundschau. Wien. 80. Lepidopterologische Rundschau, hrsg. Adolf Hoffmann. Wien. 82. Bulletin, Division of the Natural History Survey. Urbana, Illinois. 83. Arkiv lor zoologie, K. Svenska Vetenskapsakademien i. Stockholm. 84. Ecology. Brooklyn. 85. Genetics. Princeton, New Jersey. 87. Archiv fiir Entwicklungs mechanik der Organ., hrsg. v. Roux. Leipzig. 88. Die Naturwissenschaften, hrsg. A. Berliner. Berlin. 89. Zoologische Jahrbiicher, hrsg. v. Spengel. Jena, Germany. 90. The American Naturalist. Garrison-on-Huclson, New York. 91. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences. Washington, D. C. 92. Biological Bulletin. Wood's Hole, Massachusetts. 93. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. England. 94. Zeitschrift fiir wissenschaftlichc Zoologie. Leipzig. 95. Proceedings of the Biological Soc. of Washington, Washington, D. C Q7. Biologisches Zentralblatt. Leipzig. 98. Le Naturaliste Canadien. Cap Rouge, Chicoutimi, Quebec. 99. Melanges exotico-entomologiques, Par Maurice Pic. Moulins, France. 100. Bulletin Intern., Acad. Polonaise Sci. et Lett. Cracovie. 101. Tijdschrift voor entomologie. Nederland. Ent. Ver., Amsterdam. 102. Entomologiske Meddelelser, Entomologisk Forening, Copenhagen. 103. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, Lawrence, Kansas 104. Revista de la Sociedad entomologica Argentina, Buenos Aires. 105. Revista Entomologia, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 106. Anales Sociedad Cicntifica Argentina, Buenos Aires. 107. Proc., Royal Entomological Society, London. 108. Revista, Col. Nac. Vicente Rocafuerte, Guayaquil. 109. Arbeiten uber morpholog. und taxonom. ent. aus Berlin-Dahlein. 110. Arbeiten ueber phvsiolog. u. angewand'.e e"t. aus Berlin-Dahlem. 111. Memorias do Institute Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro. 112. Anales del Institute de Biologia Mexico. 113. Entomologische Beihefte aus Berlin Dahlem. 114. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan. 115. Memorias de la Soc. Cubana de Hist. Nat. Havana, Cuba. 116. Parasitology. Ed. Keilin and Hinclle. London. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 173 Entomological Literature COMPILED BY V. S. L. PATE, LAURA S. MACKEY and E. T. CRESSON. Jm. Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining to the En- tomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and Myriopoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted; but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects. however, whether relating 1o American or exotic species will be recorded. The figures within brackets [ ] refer to the journal in which the paper appeared, as numbered in the list of Periodicals and Serials published ID our January and June issues. This list may be secured from the nim- llsher of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for lOc. The number of, or annual volume, and In some cases the part, heft, &c. the latter within ( ) follows; then th pagination follows the colon : All continued papers, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their first installments. () Papers containing new forms or names not so stated In titles, have an within parentheses thus () following the pagination of reference to paper. (S) Papers pertaining exclusively to neotropical species and not BO Indicated In the title, have the symbol (S) at the end of the title of the paper. For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Rec- ord, Office of Experiment Stations. Washington. Also Review of Applied Entomology, Series A, London. For records of papers on Medical Ento- mology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B. Note. Titles of papers containing new forms or new names will b Indicated by an asterisk within parentheses at end of reference, (). Paftrt publishtd m the Entomological News art not listed. GENERAL. Brues, C. T. Aberrant feeding behavior among insects and its bearing on the development of specialized food habits. [Quart. Rev. Bio.] 11: 305-319, ill. Bruner, Lawrence Obituary by Barber & Gurney. [10] 39: 59-60, ill. Bushby, L. C. The gamut of sound in the insect world. [Wonders Animal Life] Part. 23: 725-730, ill. Caiman, W, T. The origin of insects. [Proc. Linn. Soc.| 1935-36: 193-204, ill. Das, S. M. Insects and disease. [Current Science] V: 503-505. Dow, Robert Percy. Obitu- ary by G. P. Englehardt. [19] 32: 1-4, ill. Eidmann, H.- (see under Hymenoptera) Fracker, S. B. Technique of large-scale operations in pest control. [10] 39: 41-59. Heik- ertinger, F. Werden die Tagf alter von Vogeln gefangt? [97] 57: 1-21. Horn, W. Ueber einen Insekten-Gott der Chinesen. [110] 4:67. Nikolskaja, M. N. The Chalcidoid parasites of some injurious flies of grain crops. [72] 27: 1-27, ill. Pechuman, L. L. An annotated list of the in- sects found in the bark and wood of Ulmus americana in N. Y. S. [19] 32: 8-21. Steiniger. F. Beobachtuniren mid Bemerkungen zur Mimikryfrasre. [97] 57: 47-58. Williams. C. B. Butterfly travellers. [Nat. Geog. Mag.] 71: 568- 584, ill. ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, ETC. Balli, A. Ric- erche sul digiuno nella larva Bombyx mori (Lepid.V [P.oll. 174 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June. '37 R. Statz. Sper. Gelsicol. Bachicolt. Ascoli Piceno] 16: 33- 42. Baltzer, F. Analyse cles Golclschmidtschen Zeitgeset- zes cler Intersexualitat auf Gruncl eines Vergleiches cler Entwicklung cler Bonellia und Lymantria-Intersex. Zeitlich gestafl'elte Wirkung des Geschlechtsfaktoren (Zeit- gesetz) oder Faktorengleichzeitigkeit (Gen. Gleichge- wicht). [87] 136: 1-42. Earth, R Muskulatur und Bewe- gungsart der Raupen ztigleich ein Beitrag zur Spannbewe- gung und Schreckstellung der Sapnnerraupen. [89] Abt. Anat., 62: 507-566, ill. Beadle, G. W. The development of eye colors in Drosophila melanogaster as studied by transplantation. [90] 71 : 120-126. Development of eye colors in Drosophila. Fat bodies & Malphigian tubes as sources of diffusible substances. [Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.] 23: 146-152. Becker, E. Ueber das Pterinpigment bei Insekten und die Farbung und Zeichnung von Vespa bes- onderen. [46] 32: 672-751, ill. Beeson c: Bhatia On the biology of the Bostrychidae (Coleopt.) [Indian Forest Rec- ords] 2: 223-323, ill. Bhattacharya, G. Nuptial relation of Diacamma vagans. [Current Sci.] 5: 428, ill. Carpentier, F. Le thorax et ses appendices chez les vrais et chez les fan Gryllotalpides. [Mem. Mus. R. Hist. Nat. Belgk|ue] (2) Ease. 4: 86 pp., ill. Christensen, P. J. H Zur Hist- ologie und Embryologie der ueberwinterten Eier von Or- gyia antiqua. [89] Abt. Anat., 62: 567-582, ill. Fisher, R. C. The genus Scolytus in Great Britain, with notes on the structure of S. destructor. [35] 24: 110-130, ill. Grandi, G. Morfologia ed etologia comparata di Insetti a regime specializzato. VII. La morfologia comparata delle larve di alcuni Imenotteri Tentredinidi. [Boll. 1st. Ent. R. Univ. Bologna] 7: 222-254, ill. (see under Hymenoptera) Ham- i'ton, A. G. The mechanism of respiration of locusts and its bearing on the problem of inhalation of poison dusts. [22] 28: 53-68, ill. Haskins & Enzmann. Studies on the anatomy of the respiratory system of Drosophiln melano- gaster. '[Tourn. Morph.] 60: 445-458, ill. Hodge, C. Some effects of diet on the gastric epithelial colls of the grass- hopper, Melanoplus differ entialis. [92] 72: 203-211. How- land, Sonnenblick & G'ancv. Trnnsplantion of winp--trmr- nric r>rim<>rdia in Drosophila melanogaster. [90] 71: 158- 166. ill. Jepson, W. F. The morphology of the larva of Serica brunnea (Scarabaeidae). [22] 28:' 149-165. ill. Kuhn & Plagge Pradeterminatiorj der Raupenaugenpigmentier- ung bei Ephestia kuhniella (lurch den Genotypus der Mut- xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 175 ter und clurch arteigene und urtfremde Implantate. [97] 57:113-126, ill. Lartchenko, C. I. Le cycle evolutif du corps adipetix de Loxostege sticticalis et Feltia segetum et sa relation avec fecondite. [72] 27: 29-75, ill. (Russ., with French summary) Lepesme, P. L'action externe des arsenicatix stir le criquet pelerin (Schistocera gregaria). [.Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord] 28: 88-104, ill. Lison, L. Etudes histophysiologiques sur le tube de Malphigi des Insectes. I. Elimination des colorantes acides par le tube de Malphigi chez les Orthopteres. [Arch. Biol., Paris] 48: 321-360. MacGill, E. L The biology of Thysanop- tera with reference to the cotton plant. VIII. The relation between variations in temperature & the life cycle. [35] 24: 95-109, ill. Madwar, S. Biology morphology of the immature stages of Mycetophilidae (Diptera). [Phil. Trans. R. Soc., Lond.] B, 227: 1-110, ill. Maercks, H.- Ueber die Sicherheit der Voraussage von Schlupfterminen bei Schadinsekten. [110] 4: 17-30, 'ill. Malucelli, P. Casi teratologici osservati nel Bombyx mori (Lepid.). [Boll. R. Staz. Sper. Gelsicol. Bachicolt. Ascoli Piceno] 16: 14-24, ill. Mariani, M.--Una nuova specie di Eustaintonia e studio sulla morfologia comparata delle larve del genere (Lepidopt: Momphidae) [27] 68: 97-103, ill. Metz, C. W. -Deficiencies & structural variations within the grand chromosomes in relation to the problem of gene structure. [Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.] 23: 137-142. Needham, N. V, A bacterial disease of Aphis rumicis, apparently caused by Bacillus lathyri. [35] 24: 144-147. Park, T. " The inheri- tance of the mutation "pearl" in the flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. [90] 71 : 143-157. ill. Paul, H. Transplanta- tion und Regeneration der Flugel zur Untersuchung ihrer Formbildung bei einem Schmetterling mit Gesschlechtsdi- morphismus, Orgyia antiqua. [87] 136: 64-111. ill. Popov, V. B. Ein Fall von teratologischem Hermaphroditismus bei Andrena agilissima (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae). [72] 26: 160-164, ill. (Russ., with German summary). Poulson, D. F. Chromosomal deficiencies and the embryonic de- velopment of Drosophila melanogaster. | Proc. Nat. Acad. Sri.l 23: 133-137. Reuter, E. Elytren und Mac wahrend der Puppen-und Kaferstadien von Calandra granaria & C. oryz.ie. [89 1 AM. Anat., 62: 449-506. ill. Richter. A. A On the elytral venation of Coleoptera. |72] 26: 25-28. ill. fin Russ., with English summarv). Schomann, H. Die Symbiose der Bockkafer. [46] 32: 542-612, ill. Servadei, 176 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '37 A. Contributi alia conoscenza dei Tentredinidi (Hymen- optera Symphyta) della Rose. III. Claudius difforniis. [Boll. 1st. Ent.~R.Univ. Bologna] 7: 169-196, ill. Slifer, E. H. The origin & fate of the membranes surrounding the grasshopper egg; together with some experiments on the source of the hatching enzyme. [53] 79: 493-506, ill. Smith, L. M. Growth, reproduction, feeding wing development of the mealy plum aphid in relation to climatic factors. [47] 54: 345-364, ill. Sotavalta, O. Some cases of gynand- romorphismus in a hatch of Lasiocampa quercus ( Lepi- dopt: Lasiocampidae). [Ann. Ent. Fennici] 3: 30-32, ill. Thiem, H. Vom Blattrippemstecher (Rhynchites paux- illus) als Obstbaumschadling. [110] 4: 1-17, ill. Thimann & Beadle. Development of eye colors in Drosophila : Ex- traction of the diffusible substances concerned. [Proc. Nat. Acad Sci.] 23: 143-146. Ting, P. C. Feeding mechanisms of weevils, their function, and relationship to classification. [Mo. Bull. Cal. D. Agr.] 22: 161-165, ill. Veneroso, A- Ancora sull 'attivita lipolitica del Bombyx mori (Lepid.). [Boll. R. Staz. Sper. Gelsicol. Bachicolt. Ascoli Piceno] 16: 25-27. Walker, E. M. The larval stages of Wohlfahr- tia vigil (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) . [Journ. Parasitology] 23: 163-174, ill. Weyrauch, W. Weiteres uber den Inter- nodiallauf als Ausdrucksbewegung. [89] Abt. Syst., 69: 241-252, ill. Wilson & Pollister. Observations on the sperm formation in Centrum! scorpions with especial ref- erence to the Golgi material. [Journ. Morph.] 60: 407-443, ill. ARACHNIDA AND MYRIOPODA D'Amour, Becker & Van Riper. The Black Widow spider. [Quart. Rev. Bio.] 11: 123-160, ill. Peters, H Stmlien am Netz der Kreuzspinne (Aranea diadema). I. Die Grundstruktur des Nestes und Beziehungen zu Bauplan des Spinnenkorpers. ! !(] 32: 613-649. ill. ' Schulze-Rostock, P. XIII. Die Ix- odoidea der Galapagos Inseln. [Meddel. Zool. Mus., Oslo] Nr. 45: 155-162. ill. Stiles, K. A. The first record of the black widow spider for Iowa. [68] 85 :334. Verhoeff , K. W. Zur Kenntnis der Rhinocricidae. [34] 118: 90-102, ill. (S*). Strickland, E. H. The distribution of the black widow spider in Alberta. [4| 68: 284-285. THE SMALLER ORDERS OF INSECTS Bird & Den- ning. A migration of the dragonfly Libellula c|uadrimacu- lata. [4] 68: 283-284. Blake,' C. H What are termites? xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 17 [Bull. N. Eng. Mus. N. H.] No. 83: 3-9. Emerson, A.JE. -Termite architecture. Termite problem. | Xat. Hist.] 241-248: 249-254. ill. von Hagen, W. The queen termite. [Nat. Hist.] 39: 255-259, ill. Hood, J. D. Studies in Neo- tropical Thysanoptera. III. [105] 7: 96-115, ill (*). Ide, F. P. The subimago of Ephoron leukon & a discussion of the imago instar (Ephemerida). [4] 69: 25-29, ill. Mills, H. B. A. N. A. Oncopodura (Collembola [4] 69: 67-69, ill (*). Morison, G. D. A n. sp. of Plesiothrips from Argentina. 1 75 ] 19: 469-472. ill. Spieth, H. The life his- tory of Ephemera simulans in Lake Wawasee (Ephemer- ida). [4] 68: 263-266. Thompson, G. B. A brief survey of the spp. of Mallophaga described from (1) Anseriformes & Ciconiiformes (Phoenicopteri) ; (2) from Falconiformes. [75] 19: 370-371 : 379-380. Tillyard, R. J. Kansas Permian insects. Part 16. The order Plectoptera (contd.) : The family Doteridae, with a note on the affinities of the order Proto- hymenoptera, [Am. Jour. Sci.] 32: 435-453, ill. (*). Kansas P'ermian insects. Part 17. The order Megasecoptera ad- ditions to the Palaeodictyoptera, Odonata, Protoperlaria, Copeognatha & Neuroptera. [An. Jour. Sci.] 33: 81-110, ill. Kansas Permian Insects. Pt. 18. The order Embiaria. [Amer. J. Sci.] 33: 241-257, ill. (*). Werneck, F. Sobre tuna nova especie do genero Gyropus (Gyropidae). [Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz] 31 : 845-849, ill. ORTHOPTERA Mello-Leitao. Un Gryllide et deux Mantides nouveaux du Bresil. [105] 7: 11-18. ill. Piza, jr., S. de Toledo. Os Phasmidas do Museti Paulista. II. Phasmidae, Phasminae [105] 7: 1-8, (S*). HEMIPTERA Andre, F. An undescribed chinch bug from Iowa. | Iowa St. Coll. J. Sci.] 11: 165-168, ill. Ball, E. D. Some n. spp. of Leafhoppers in groups recently segregated from Thamnotettix (Cicadellidae.) [19] 32: 26- 31. Barber, H. G. A new bat-cave bug from Panama (Reduviidae). [10] 39: 61-63, ill. Dow, R. Is brood NI extinct? [Hull. N. E. Mus. N. H.] No. 83: 10-11. da Fons- eca, J. P. Contribttiqao para o conhecimento dos inem- bracideos neotropicos. [14] 7: 157-166, ill. Harris, H. M. Contribution to the S. Dakota list of Hemiptcra. [Iowa St. Coll. J. Sci. | 1 1 : 169-176. Korinek, V. V.- Zur Biologic der \Yanzengattung Aradtts (Aradidae). [72] 26: 115-129, ill. (in Russ., with German summary). Oman, P. W. The leafhoppers of the gen. Scaphoidula (Cicadellidae). [1U5] 7: 92-96, ill. (S*). Ruckes, H. An annotated list 178 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '37 of some Pentatomids from New Mexico. [19] 32: 32-36. Swain, R. B. Notes on the oviposition & life history of Phlepsius decorus (Cicadellidae). [4] 68: 280-281. Yaki- moff, V. L. Coccidios dos animoes domesticos do Brasil. [14] 7: 167-187. LEPIDOPTERA Bourquin, F. Notas biologicas sobre Eurota strigiventris (Amatidae). [105] 7: 34-39, ill. Clark, A. H. A n. subsp. of the Nymphalid butterfly, Polygonia faunus. [50] 84: 219-222, ill. Clark, B. P.- Twelve new Sphingidae and notes on seven others. [Pro. N. Eng. Zool. Club] 16: 27-39. Evans, W. H. A n. gen. (S: n. sp. of South American Hesperiidae. [105] 7:88- 89. Forster, W. Beitrag zur Systematik des Tribus Lycaenini unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der argyro- gnomon-under argus-Grnppe. [Mitt. Munchner Ent. Ges.] 36: 41-150, ill. Freeman, T. N. Notes on the specific grouping of the gen. Lycaena. [4] 68: 277-279, ill. Hudson & Wood. Interesting moths collected at Grand Bend, Ontario, 1936. [4] 69:69. Keifer, H. H. California Micro- lepidoptera. VI. [(Mo. Bull. Cal. D. Agr.] 22: 351-365, ill. (*) California Microlepidoptera. VII. [Mo. Bull. Calif. D. Agr.] 24: 195-218, ill. (*) California microlepidoptera. IX. X. [Mo. Bull. Cal. D. Agr.] 25: 235-259; 349-359, ill. (*) Klots, A. B. Costal vein in Pieridae. [4] 69:48. Lameere, A. Evolution des Lepidopteres. [33] 76: 407-413. Lange, W. H. Jr. The biology of the Orange Tortrix, Eulia (Argyrotaenia) citrana. [Mo. Bull. Cal. D. Agr.] 25: 283- 285, ill. Lemmer, F. New Lepidoptera from the New Jersey pine barrens. [19] 32: 22-25. McDunnough, J.- A new race of Parnassius smintheus from California. [4] 68: 272-274, ill. Notes on N. A. Noctuid genera |4] 69: 40-47; 58-66, (*). DIPTERA Antunes, P. C. A. A new Anopheles & a new Goeldia from Colombia (Culicidae). [22] 28: 69-73, ill. Greene, C. T. The pupa of Myocera tabanivora (Tachinidae). [50] 84: 217-218, ill. Hall, D. G. New muscoid fl : es in the United States National Museum. [50] 84: 201 -21n. ill. Hennig, W. Beitrage zur Systematik der Richardiiden. [105] 7: 21-34, (S*). Hull, F. M. Some neotropical & oriental syrphid flies in the U. S. N. M. [91] 27: 165-176, ill. Latta & Cole. A comparative study of species of Eumerus known as the Lesser Bulb flies [Mo. Bull. Cal. D. Agr.] 22: 142-152. ill. Lopes, H. deS. Sobre xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 179 Atriadops macula (Nemestrinidae) [Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz] 31: 883-887, ill. Macfie, J. W. S. Four spp. of Cera- topogonidae from the wings of insects. [107] B, 5: 227-230, ill. (*). Madwar, S. (see under Physiology) Matheson & Hurlburt. Notes on Anopheles walkeri [Amer. J. Trop. Med.l 17: 237-242, ill. Parent, O. Dipteres Dolichopo- dides especes et localities nouvelles. [33] 77: 125-148, ill. (*). Philip, C. B. Notes on certain males of N. A. horse- flies (Tabanidae). II. The Affinis or "Red-sided" group of Tabanus, with a key to the females. [4] 69: 35-40; 49-58, (*). Townsend, C. H. T. Two new South American Oestromuscarian genera. [105] 7: 115-117. COLEOPTERA Blake, D. H. The Templeton Crocker Expedition V. A new chrysomelid beetle of the genus Mon- oxia from Lower California [Zoologica] 22: 89-91, ill. (*) Bondar, G. Notas biologicas sobre o genero Prionomerus (Curculionidae). [105] 7: 89-92, ill. Borgmeier, T. Can- thon dives (Scarabaeidae), predador das femeas de Atta laevigata (Formicidae). [105] 7: 117-118. Eggers, H.- Borkenkafer aus Sudamerika (Ipidae) [105] 7: 79-88, (*). Fall, H. C. Miscellaneous notes & descriptions [4] 69: 29-32, ('*). Fattig, P. W. Bombarding beetles of the gen. Harpalus & Pasimachus (Carabidae). [4] 69: 47-48. Gri- delli, E. Tredicesimo contributo alia conoscenza decrli Staphylini. [27] 68: 146-156, ill. Huson, Wood, & Pritch- ard. Note in regard to the flight period of June beetles at Grand Bend, Ont., 1936. [4] 69: 69-70. Jeannel, R Les Bembidiides endoges. Monographic d'une lignee gondwan- ienne (Carabidae). [Rev. Franc. Ent.] 3: 241-396, ill. d' Orchymont, A. Quelques synomymies nouvelles d'Hy- drophilidae. [Bull.'Mus. R. Hist. Nat. Belgique] 12, no. 23: 1-29. Ray E. Two new beetles of the fain. Mordellidae from orchids. [50] 84: 239-241, (S). Richter, A. A. (see under Physiology) Saylor, L. W. A new Texas Scarab. [4] 68:280. Uhmann, E. Hispinen-Minen aus Costa-Rica [110] 4: 61-66, ill. (*). Wenzel, R. L. Short studies in the Histeridae [4] 68: 266-272, (*). HYMENOPTERA Blanchard, E. E. Microgastriims argentinos nuevos y poco conocidos (Braconidae). [69] 12: 137-152, ill. Bruch, C. Notas sobre el "Camuati" y las avispas que lo construyen. [69] 12: 125-135, ill. Cockerell, T. D. A. Psammochafid at a high altitude. [19] 32:25 The Bees of Alberta.-I. |4J 68: 274-277. The Bees of Alberta 180 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '37 II. 1 41 69: 33-35, (*). Two new bees from Hay River. [4J 68: 282-283. Conde, O. Erganzungen zu den neo- tropischen Zaraeini (Tenthredinidae). [51] 17: 14-17, ill., (*). Eidmann, H. Die Gaste und Gastverhaltnisse der Blattschneiderameise Atta sexdens. [46] 32: 391-462, ill. Gahan, A. B. A n. Brazilian Chalcidoid parasite of Gas- terocereodes gosypii. [105] 7: 18-21. Eupteromalus lugu- minis, n. sp. ( Pteromalidae). [10] 39: 63-65. Grandi, G. Contributi alia conoscenza degli Imenotteri Aculeati, X\ . Tndice analitico dei Contribute I (1925) - XV (1935). [Boll. Est. Ent. R. Univ. Bologna] 7 : 27-121, ill. 122-139. Kinsey, A. C. New Mexican gall wasps ( Cynipidae). [105] 7: 39- 79. Michener, C. D. Records & descriptions of N. A. bees. 1 75 1 19: 313-329; 393-410, ill. (*). Molitor, A- Neue Beobachtungen und Versuche niit Grabwespen. IX. [971 57: 35-38. Muesebeck, C. F. W Three n. Brazilian Npp. of Heterospilus, parasites of Gasterocercodes gosyppi (Braconidae). [105] 7: 8-11. Nikolskaja, M. N. (see under General) Pate, V. S. L. The third Xearctic sp. of Nitela, with remarks on the genera Tenila (S: Rhinonitela ( Sphecidae). [19] 32: 5-7, (*). Servadei, A. (see under Physiology) Telenga, N. A. Beitrage zur Biologic der Braconiden. [72] 27: 125-127. Weyrauch, W. Wie ent- steht ein Wespennest? II Teil. Experimentelle Anah>i> der Verhaltens von Vespa germanica & V. vulgaris beim llau der Hiille ihres Nestes. Teil C. Die Nesthiilles als Gauzes. [46] 32: 492-517, ill. Wie entsteht in Wespen- nest? 5 Teil. Experimentelle Analysis des Verhaltens von Vespa germanica & V. vulgaris beim Bauen niit Erde. [89] Abt. Syst., 69: 215-240, 'ill. SPECIAL NOTICES Catalogues raisonnes de la faune entomologique du Congo Beige. Coleopteres-Brenthides. By A. Kleine. [An. Mus. Congo Belg.] (3) 5, fuse. 1 : 48pp.. ill. Philippine Cicadellidae (Homop.) By (}. Merino. | Philippine Jour. Sci. | 61: 307-400, ill. . ^ . To Coccinellidologists. The Office of the Pan American Union at Washington, D. C., informs us that Mr. Felisberto C. Camargo, Chefe do I Vparta- mento da Horticultura, Instituto Agronomico do Kstado de S. Paulo, Caixa Postal No. 28, Campinas, 15rax.il, is desirous of getting in touch with those interested in the Coccinellidae. lie has many Coccinellidae of 1'ra/il in his collection, which he would be glad to exchange with individuals in this country who might send him specimens for identification. EXCHANGES This column is intended only for wants and exchanges, not for advertisements of goods for sale or services rendered. Notices not exceeding three lines free to subscribers. These notices are continued as long as our limited space will allow; the new ones are added at the end of the column, and, only when necessary those at the top ( being longest in) are discontinued. Wanted Tabanidae (Horseflies and Deerflies). Exchange, pur- chase, or for determination. G. B. Fairchild, P. O. Box 272, Monti- cello, Fla. Exchange. Lepidoptera of the Western United States for rare American or tropical specimens. C. W. Herr, Woodburn, Ore. R-3. Wanted Insects in exchange for Japanese insects or to buy. Tell me your wishes. Hironm Yamamoto, Matsuo-Kozan. Iwategun Iwateken, Japan. Would like to exchange Southern California insects for any North American Mutillidae (wingless wasps or velvety ants). Curtis Brown, 2950 G St., San Diego, California. Wanted. To get in touch with Specialists who will make determina- tions for a share of our duplicates. We have many undetermined speci- mens from all parts of Iowa. H. E. Jaques, Iowa Insect Survey, Mt. Pleasant, Iowa. Wanted. Communication with anyone who has or is collecting Lepi- doptera in Burlington County, New Jersey Also anyone having a micro- scope for sale. E. P. Darlington, New Lisbon, N. J. Wanted for Cash or Exchange. North American Butterflies in series especially from type localities and remote places. C. F. dos Passes, Mendham, New Jersey. Wanted Collectors desiring- living pupae with cocoon attached to natural food plant of Michigan, Samia, Columbia or hybrid with S. Cecropia, write W. S. McAlpine, 575 Townsend St., Birmingham, Mich. Wanted North American Chrysididae for exchange or determina- tion, with privilege of retaining duplicates. W. G. Bodenstein, Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. Wanted Chloropidae (Oscinidae) of the world. Study, determin- ation or exchange. C. W. Sabrosky, Entomology Dept., Michigan State College, East Lansing, Mich. Wanted Heliconia from various parts of Mexico, Central and South America, especially Bolivia. Buy or exchange. F. E. Church, 15 West 67th St., New York, N. Y. Catalogus Lepidopterorum Regionis Palaearcticae with Staudinger Price List No. 61. Contains all the species and races and the best-known aberr- ations, described up to the date of publication, of the entire Palae- arctic Faunal Region, together with North India, Assam, all China, Japan and Formosa. We request orders. On prepayment you receive 1. The complete Catalog (to comprise 10 to 12 parts). Sub- scription price for each part ( 16 pages, 3 columns) is One Mark. For each order for 10 Catalogs one Catalog will be furnished free of cost. Consignments sent only on pre- payment of Five Marks. After publication the first five parts will be furnished postage-free. The first two parts will be ready April 20, 1937. These contain: all Papilionidae, Pi- eridae, Satyridae and Nymphalidae as far as Argynnis. For example, of P, apollo (exclusive of aberrations) there are 182 different races divided into 20 groups, of P. mnemosyne 123 races, 22 groups, P. phoebus 40 races, P. napi 48, M, didyma 76, .-/. adippe 52 forms. 2. Rhopalocera, Part I, with generic index, about 3 parts, Seven Marks. Ready May 20, 1937. Rhopalocera only $2.80. 3. Single Parts (16 pages) without obligation to take the entire Catalog, Three Marks per part. 4. Order for the entire Catalog after publication: to purchasers of part I and single parts a part will be sent for each Mark prepaid. Exotic and Palaearctic Lepidoptera. List No. 25. With net prices of single specimens, showy specimens, school specimens, lots etc. Sent free on application. Coleoptera: Our new list E free. Rarities and showy specimens of unusual size and beauty. Goliathus all species, Cetonidae, Lucanidae, etc. Especially adapted as gifts to a Museum. Main list No. 40 A and B. Palaearctic and Exotic, 177 pages, Four Marks. Payment from abroad: Details on Green list No. 24. Please put all kinds of postage stamps, benefit-, service-, airmail stamps on your letters to us. Dr. O. Staudinger and A. Bang-Haas, Dresden-Blasewitz, Germany. EXCHANQES (Continued) Wanted Chrysalids of Papilio ajax and philenor, cocoons of Roths- childia orizaba and jorulla. Buy or exchange. Newark Entomological Society. Curator, Chas. Rummel, Green Village Rd., R, D. 2, Madison, New Jersey. Have large list of Lepidoptera wants and offers. Send me yours. Carpenter, Box 1344, Hartford, Conn. Wanted Specimens of North American Cephidae. Will make determinations and exchanges for purposes of revising the group. Donald T. Ries, Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. W. H. JANSON & SON. Exotic Lepidoptera Ornithoptera. Papilio, Agrias, Morphos etc. Exotic Coleoptera- Large showy forms and rarities especially in Cetoniidae, Lucanidae. Cerambycidae etc. Lots of undetermined species from all families at low rates. Large exotic forms of Arachnids etc. British Lepidoptera including- many fine and rare varities. British Coleoptera and other Orders. STOREBOXES, NETS, PINS, SETTING BOARDS AND OTHER APPARATUS ALWAYS IN STOCK. (Price list sent free). P. O. BOX 128, 44, Great Russell Street, LONDON. W. C. I. Established 1852. England. Scarce Literature Now Available Contributions which appeared in the various publications of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia often have been unprocurable by students on account of the rarity of separata, which in years past were not retained for sale by the Academy. All papers published since 1921, however, are now available and can be obtained from the Academy at moderate prices. In ad- dition excerpts of nearly all other papers which appeared in the ' Proceedings " or " Journal " since 1860 can be supplied. Our price lists of entomological and other publications now available will be supplied on request, and information gladly fur- nished upon any other specially desired publication of the Academy. Supplementary editions of these price-lists, contain- ing a large number of additional titles, are also in preparation. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia NINETEENTH AND THE PARKWAY, PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA American-Made STAINLESS STEEL Insect Pins Made by the same master craftsman who has produced the famous A. E. Co. pins since 1913, Ward's Stainless Steel insect pins have won wide popularity in the year since their introduction. These fine pins possess all the superior qualities of Ward's A. E. Co. pins resiliency, uniformly sharp points, heads that stay on. And, of greatest importance is the stainless steel wire, which forever prevents rust or corrosion, from humid atmos- phere, salt air, insect body juices or any other cause. May we send you samples of Ward's Stainless Steel Pins or of the old favorite Ward's double jappanned A. E. Co. pins? W A R D' S NATURAL SCIENCE ESTABLISHMENXinc^ The Frank A. Ward Foundation of Natural Science of the University of Rochester READ WARD'S ENTOMOLOGICAL BULLETIN ... istued monthly 300 NORTH GOODMAN STREET ROCHESTER. ...NEW YORK FOR SALE One of the finest collections of Palearctic Diurnals 15,000 specimens in perfect condition, all fully labelled And including very many of the rarest species and some quite unique. Offered at one quarter the original cost. Full particulars on application. Some thousands of fine Indian Diurnals, in papers named, $6.00 per 100. Fine Morphos from French Guiana, New Guiana Delias in papers (named). A very large number of bred Urania riphaeus etc. A. FORD, 42. IRVING ROAD. BOURNEMOUTH. ENGLAND RARE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LEPIDOPTERA Pinned and fully Labelled or in Papers List furnished on request CALIFORNIA INSECTARIES, INC. 1612 West Glenoaks Boulevard Glendale, California A. W. Morrill. Ph. D.. MST. C. Henne. Lepidopteriil ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS JULY, 1937 Vol. XLVIII No. 7 CONTENTS Johnson New Species of Saturniidae (Lepidoptera) 181 Projected Monograph of Coleoptera of Alabama 183 Montgomery Insect Stamps 184 Hess Moulting in Some Lepidoptera ..... 186 Fox and Osterman Some Records of Orthoptera From South-western Pennsylvania 195 Woodcock Pairing of Males of Samia cecropia. (Lep.: Saturniidae) . . 200 Frost New Records from Bait Traps. (Dipt., Coleop., Corrodentia.).. 201 Entomological Literature 203 Review of Reinig's Melanismus, Albinismus und Rufinismus 209 Review of Osborn's Fragments of Entomological History 211 Some Current Items . 212 PHILADELPHIA, PA. THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, 1900 Race Street Entered at the Philadelphia, Pa., Post Ofi'ce as Second Class Matter. Acceptance for mailing at the special rate of postage prescribed for in Section 1. Act of October 3, 1917, authorized January 15, 1921. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS published monthly, excepting August and September, by The American Entomological Society. Philip P. Calvert, Ph.D., Editor; E. T. Cresson, Jr., R. G. Schmieder, Ph.D., V. S. L. Pate, Associate Editors. Advisory Committee: Philip Laurent, J. A. G. Rehn, Chas. Liebeck, J. Chester Bradley, Ph.D., Frank Morton Jones, Sc.D., John C. Lutz, Max Kisliuk, Jr., Wm. W. Chapman. The subscription price per year of ten (10) numbers is as follows: United States and possessions, Central and South America $3.00, Canada $3.15, Foreign $3.25, Single copies 35 cents. ADVERTISING RATES: Full width of page. Payments in advance. One issue, 1 in., $ 1.20, 3 in., $ 3.00, 5 in., $ 5.00, 7 in., $ 7.00 Ten issues, " 8.00, " 25.00, " 45.00, " 60.00 SUBSCRIPTIONS. All remittances and communications regarding sub- scriptions, non-receipt of the "News" or of reprints, and requests for sample copies, should be addressed to ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, 1900 Race Street, PHILADELPHIA, PA. MANUSCRIPTS AND ADVERTISEMENTS should be sent to the editor, Dr. P. P. Calvert, Zoological Laboratory, University of Pennsyl- vania, Philadelphia, Pa. TO CONTRIBUTORS. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged and if they are accepted they will be published as soon as possible. If not accepted, authors will be so advised and postage requested for return of manuscripts. Articles longer than six printed pages will be published in two or more installments, unless the author is willing to pay for the cost of a sufficient number of additional pages in any one issue to enable such an article to appear without division. Proof will be sent to authors. Twenty-five extras (separates) of an author's contribution will be given free when they are requested; they will be "run of form," that is without removal of extraneous matter (parts of other articles at beginning and at end), folded, but unbound, uncut and without covers. Authors wishing more than 25 separates can obtain them, at the rates given at the bottom of this page, by ordering at the time of returning proof. When more than the twenty-five free separates are ordered, ALL the extras will be free of ex- traneous matter. The making of blocks and printing all illustrations will be charged to authors. The editor will furnish cost of same when requested. Stated Meetings of The American Entomological Society will be held at 8.00 P. M., in 1937, on the fourth Thursday of each month excepting June, July, August, November and December, and on the third Thursday of November and December. Communications on observations made in the course of your studies are solicited; also exhibits of any specimens you consider of interest. The printer of the "News" will furnish reprints of articles, without covers, over and above the twenty-five given free at the following rates: One or two pages, twenty-five copies, 35 cents; three or four pages, twenty-five copies, 70 cents; five to eight pages, twenty-five copies, $1.40; nine to twelve pages, twenty-five copies, $2.00; each half-tone plate, twenty-five copies, 30 cents; each plate of line cuts, twenty-five copies, 25 cents; greater numbers of copies will be at the corresponding multiples of these rates. Printed coven for 50 copies, $4.00 or more, according to number of pages bound. ENT. NEWS, VOL. XLV1II Plate IV. DIRPHIA UNDULINEA N. SP , 1 tf, 2 9 . D. TRIPICATA N. SP. 3^-JoHNSON. ENT. NEWS, VOL. XLVIII Plate V. AUTOMERIS SUAVINA N. SP., 4-f , 59-JoHNSON ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS VOL. XLVIII. JULY, 193 7 No. 7 New species of Saturniidae (Lepidoptera) By FRANK JOHNSON, New York City. (Plates IV and V.) Dirphia undulinea n. sp. (Plate IV, figs, 2 9,1 $ ). ? : Head, thorax and fore wing dark olive brown; antennae pinard yellow. Abdomen black above crossed by segmental light cadmium lines ; abdomen below dark olive brown; a lat- eral series of white points. Fore wing: a thick white spot at base of costa from which two white lines diverge, one to middle of inner margin, the other close below median vein, slightly interrupted near discocellular, then joined by a white line on discocellular, and continued along vein 4 to subterminal line, the latter slightly sinuous from close to apex to inner margin before tornus ; the termen paler with a narrow dark shade adjoining the subterminal line, rind diffuse dark spots towards apex. Fore wing below more grayish brown, the subterminal line indicated by diffuse whitish spots on interspaces. Hind wing above light cinnamon drab, faintly suffused with roseate ; a minute whitish point at end of cell ; a broad dark- medial shade, and a broader subterminal shade. Hind wing below deep brownish drab a light brownish gray shade, and a fine black streak on discocellular ; a vinaceous gray lunular dentate subterminal line. Expanse : 70 mm. Habitat : Sta. Catharina, BRAZIL. The unique female above de-scribed is the type of the species. I subsequently received a male which is also figured, IMate IV, fig. 1. Dirphia tripicata n. sp. (Plate IV, fig. 3.) $ : Antennae chamois. Head, thorax and abdomen above fuscous; abdomen dorsally with some fine pale transvei linos; while points laterally, and some roseate hairs at 1> laterally; anal hairs apricot bull'. Fore wing: a large pale vinaceous lilac space at base, some- what triangular, broad at costa, narrowing 1" a point ;u sub- median vein, dark edged on basal side; medial space dark slate violet, expanding at subcostal, containing a short white streak- below cell, a larger heart-shaped spot at discocellular. contain- ing a fine dark line and a point, and a series of white points LSI juv. 182 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [July, '37 below vein 5. termen broadly light vinaceous roseate with a dark postmedial inbent from costa and a similar subterminal shorter line; from vein 6 to vein 3 a dark slate violet patch, its inner edge incurved : a wavy subterminal line from vein 6 to vein 3. Fore wing below mostly vinaceous, darkest at base of costa and in cell; a pale spot on discocellular traces of a dark in- curved subterminal line, and a wavy line above tornus. Hind wing above with the base broadly deep pink, the medial space vinaceous fawn, the termen broadly dull indian purple. Hind wing below as in fore wing ; a fine, dark, wavy medial line ; a similar lunular subterminal line. Expanse : 63 mm. Habitat : Sta. Catharina, BRAZIL. Possibly an aberration of D. /m;Y/;m'<7 Feld. Automeris suavina n. sp. (Plate V, figs. 4 $ , 5 9 ). $ : Antennae tawny olive. Head, collar and thorax sor- ghum brown ; abdomen above black ; thorax and abdomen be- low, including anal hairs avellaneous. Fore wing vinaceous fawn with darker shading at base and terminally on interspaces before and beyond the subterminal line, terminally the dark shading is broken into spots ; traces of an antemedial line ; a black line at base of wing, followed on inner margin by roseate hairs; the discal spot formed of fine short lines, partly double, somewhat outcurved at costa ; subterminal line whitish, distally dark edged, from costa close to apex, straight to vein 1 about middle of margin. Fore wing below light russet vinaceous ; a large black discal spot containing a small white spot ; subterminal line black, cut by veins. Hind wing above ; the inner margin broadly deep roseate from base to subterminal line; annulus large, somewhat oval, black finely edged by a yellow line, and containing a small cluster of grayish scales and a very fine white streak, the post- medial space to line purplish vinaceous ; the subterminal line lunular dentate, black, sharply defined, outwardly edged with livid brown ; termen flesh pink, narrowing towards costa. Hind wing below like fore wing; a white point at discocellular and a slight black shade ; a postmedial fine, dark wavy line : a very faint subterminal shade. 9 : Head and thorax saccardo's olive ; abdomen dorsally from base deep grayish olive; beyond middle with transverse lines and the two terminal segments entirely also the underside deep olive buff. Fore wing largely purplish citrine, darkest on basal third of costa;; a distinct pale antemedial line, outcurved on costa, then nearly vertical ; the discal points indistinct, the subtermmal line as in male. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 183 Hind wing above to line as in male, but the inner margin not so red ; the ocellus with more numerous grayish scales ; lines and termen as in male. Hind wings below nearest ecru drab, but somewhat suffused with roseate also the veins; the base and costa of fore wing somewhat darker ; the discal spots and lines as in male. Expanse: $ 77 mm., $ 82 mm. Habitat : Sta. Catharina, BRAZIL. The male described is the type of the species. The types of all three species will be placed in the U. S. National Museum, Washington. Projected Monograph of Coleoptera of Alabama. A cross-section survey of wildlife conditions will begin this month in three of Alabama's state parks with the lowly beetle serving as a biological index for the study, according to field reports received by the National Park Service at its regional headquarters in Richmond, Va. Six-month studies have been arranged for Chewacla State Park, near Auburn ; De Soto State Park, near Fort Payne, and Monte Sano State Park, near Huntsville. An enrollee of a Civilian Conservation Corps camp at each park will be chosen to make collections of the insects and forward them with ap- propriate information to the Alabama Museum of Natural History. When the youths are selected, they will receive in- tensive training for two weeks as members of the Museum's annual entomological expedition. Similar studies are planned tentatively for other parks of the state system. Final reports on findings at each park will serve as a basis for general biological study designed for preservation or im- provement of environmental conditions favorable to propaga- tion and development of wild animal and bird life. The survey also will contribute data for publication of a monograph on the "Coleoptera of Alabama" to be issued by the Museum of Natural History. The work has been in progress for nearly 20 years. The cooperative park program is expected to advance publication by 10 years. General development work at all parks of the state network is being carried forward by CCC units under joint supervision of the National Park Service and the Alabama Commission of Forestry, represented by Col. Page S. Hunker. Dr. Walter B. Jones is director of the Museum. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, Regional Office, Region One, Richmond, Virginia. 184 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [J^Y' '37 Insect Stamps. By B. ELWOOD MONTGOMERY, Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana. For a number of years I have been collecting information about the use of, or the reference to insects in various fields of human activity, such as : musical compositions inspired by in- sects, literary references to insects, insect designs in art, her- aldry, and philately, etc. I have found such "supplementary" entomological material of considerable value in insect nature study work with Boy Scouts and high school Biology students and of some use, even, in teaching Entomology to university students. My interest in "insect stamps" was reawakened by reading, "A Veteran's Appeal" in the April, 1935, isue of THE NEWS (p. 107). Through the assistance of Richard McP. Cabeen, stamp editor of the Chicago Tribune and other philate- lists, I have obtained information of nine issues of postage and revenue stamps of entomological interest. The most popular entomological design on stamps is the beehive, i.e., the traditional dome-shaped straw skep. This has appeared on at least four issues of stamps, including a Hun- garian postage stamp, a United States proprietary issue and two American local stamps. The Hungarian stamp is one of the 60 to 80 varieties of the Banet issue. This issue was one of several printed at Temesvar during the short time between the Serbian evacuation and the Roumanian occupation. Although used to some extent for postage these stamps were employed chiefly for paying the salaries of postal authorities ! This particular stamp is cata- logued as a 50-feller surcharge on a 10-feller stamp, but I have been unable to secure copies of any except the original type without surcharge. The hive appears in the design immediately below the central circular medallion. The stamp is printed in violet brown. I do not know of any significance of the hive in the design. The beehive forms the central design on stamps of the Chi- xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 185 cago and the Dupuy & Schenck (New York) "Penny Post.' Tn the Chicago stamp the hive appears in an oval medallion, surrounded by a ribbon bearing the words, "CHICAGO" above and "PENNY POST" below, then grill work and finally lines forming a box. The Dupuy & Schneck stamp consists merely of the picture of a hive and lettering ("Dupuv & SCHENCK" and "PENNY POST") enclosed in a rectangular box. The for- mer stamp is orange brown on white paper, the latter black on light grey paper. Both of these stamps are very rare and I have not seen the originals, but Mr. H. C. Needham, an au- thority on local issues, has kindly sent me for examination "good counterfeits" from his reference collection. He also furnished me (in litt., May 18, 1935) the following informa- tion concerning the stamps : "Chicago Penny Post was established in Chicago as a local Delivery Post about 1862 by Edward Cooke ; he was in that year a Newsman, residence 208 West Jackson Street ; was as- sociated with S. C. Griggs & Co., booksellers; . . ." "Dupuy & Schenck: In February, 1842, Henry J. Dupuy and Jacob H. Schenck were mail carriers under Alexander M. Greig in the business of the then City Despatch Local Post. This post was taken over by the Governmental Postmaster at New York City on or about August, 1842, and became known as the United States City Despatch Post. Mr. Greig retired in November, 1844, and these two men were among those who signed a memorial and best wishes for his future success. The stamp was in use apparently from 1846 to 1848 inclusive." Charles N. Crittenton, who manufactured "Pike's Tooth- ache Drops" and "Glenn's Sulphur Soap" about the time of the Civil War, used a revenue stamp with a bee hive design. The hive, with a background of pine trees and a flowering^ shrub in the foreground, forms the design of a central oval medallion. The stamp appeared in two values, one and two cents, the former in both blue and black, the latter in black. 1 have wondered if the products contained either honey or bees- wax. Mrs. C. L. Manning, Philatelist of the U. S. National 186 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [J u ty '37 Museum, furnished me the following information about private proprietary stamps : "Stamps of special design were supplied by the United States Government to manufacturers for the payment of the tax on patent medicines. These stamps were printed by the Govern- ment and in addition to the face value, representing the tax, the firms desiring these special stamps were required to pay the cost of engraving the individual dies, making the plates, etc." Since the preceding article was written Mr. Curtis Benton, a very enthusiastic entomologist-philatelist, has called my at- tention to some additional "insect stamps". In the 1932 series of stamps issued for Italian Somaliland three values (1.25, 1.75 and 2 lire, in dark blue, red orange and carmine, respec- tively) had a design consisting of a large termite nest with a native standing beside it. In 1934 the 1.25 lira value was sur- charged, "ONORANZE AL DUCA DEGLI ABRUZZI", to form part of the Abruzzi commemorative issue. A set of stamps issued by Spain in 1934 in commemoration of the 300th anniversary of the death of Lope de Vega included a 15 centime, myrtle green stamp, which shows some sort of an in- sect lying on its back obviously dead. The design was taken from a bookplate of de Vega, and the insect is said to have been intended to represent a critic of the great author. The identity of the insect is in doubt it resembles, somewhat, both a cockroach and a lamellicorn beetle. Moulting in Some Lepidoptera. By BERTHA M. HESS, Philadelphia, Penna. (Continued from page 156.) HYPHANTRIA CUNEA (Arctiidae). The H\pliantria cunca caterpillars were taken from an apple tree after they had begun their web. As there were no applr trees in the vicinity of my home, they were fed apricot leave-. F. E. Lutz (1921, page 168 states) : "It occurs on more than a hundred kinds of trees, apple and ash being their favorites." They seemed to feed very well on apricot leaves, but they did xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 187 not spin much silk and were rather sluggish in their movements. Upon removing some of the old apple leaves to examine them for the shed skins, there were, besides some skins, a number of caterpillars which were tightly fastened to the leaf by a cocoon which was also fastened to the caterpillar between the first four pairs of prolegs. These cocoons were 5 mm long. On the fresh leaves other caterpillars were still crawling which also had these cocoons fastened to them. All of them which were thus parasiti/ed, were removed. However, every day there were from six to ten more" caterpillars fastened to the side of the tin in which the nest was kept, or to the cloth which covered it, or to the leaves. Not one escaped. They all died in this manner when only 15 mm long. L. O. Howard (1897, pp. 24- 25) describes this parasite, Apantclcs hyphantriae Riley, as follows; "This species which is an extremely common and important parasite of Hyphantria cunea . . . attacked only half-grown caterpillars of the web-worm. . . . When affect- ing Hyphantria, the white cocoon is formed almost under the middle of the half-grown caterpillar, and is fastened se- curely to the object its host happens to rest upon, and slightly to the host itself. . . . But one Apantclcs is found in a caterpillar, so that each white cocoon indicates the death of a victim." The only skins obtained, were those cast by the larvae be- fore they showed the parasite's cocoon. These were very hairy ; much more so than either the tussock moth or the tent cater- pillar. The head capsule was intact, showing only the occipi- tal foramen, where it had joined the thorax. Although the skins were transversely wrinkled from being pushed down oft the posterior end of the caterpillar, they were not invaginated. The skins were examined dry, bc-ing placed on a slide with a few drops of water to prevent their being blown away. Tin- dried exuviae, with the exception of the thorax, retained the shape of the larvae. Not one of the skins obtained in the two moults showed the mid-dorsal rupture. I'irst c.vii'i'iac. Most of these skins showed a lateral split on each side of the thorax, separating the ventral surface with 188 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS the three pairs of thoracic legs from the dorsal surface, which retained only the meso- and meta-thorax. The pro-thorax was pulled off with, and still attached to, the head. The skins split as follows : 7 showed no split whatever, the head was separated; 16 showed lateral splits on each side of the thorax, dorsal prothorax was missing ; 1 showed a lateral split on each side of three thoracic segments with no segments missing; 3 showed lateral splits on each side of the thorax, with the dor- sal surface of the three segments missing. Second exuviae. None of these had split at all, and in only one case was a little nick seen on each side of the prothorax. 68 skins were examined. Of the 29 head capsules measured, ranging in width from 0.8626 to 1.4528 mm, 25 had the dorsal prothorax still attached and 4 had not. MALACOSOMA AMERICANA (Lasiocampidae). Abandoned nests of Malacosoma anicricana, or Tent cater- pillar, were cut from the wild cherry trees June 23, 1933; and after examining the exuviae contained therein, it was discov- ered that those from the first moult were missing. F. E. Lutz (1921) says of the tent caterpillar, "Their first act seems to be to spin a temporary silken tent around what is left of the egg mass. If this is in a good place from which to go out for food, they may make their permanent tent here, but usually they move, in several days, to a fairly large fork of a tree and there construct the web." Accordingly on April 20, 1934, fresh nests of the tent caterpillar, which the latter were just beginning to spin were cut from the wild cherry tree for ob- servation, and for obtaining the exuviae from the first moult. The larvae were fed fresh wild cherry leaves until May 1 1 , when the nests were destroyed and the exuviae taken out. At this time the larvae destroyed with the nest were of various lengths, ranging from 6 mm to 39 mm. As moulting takes place within the nest, these slightly hairy exuviae were en- tangled in the silken web. Besides being transversely wrinkled, they were flattened; the skins being stuck together and hardened, and were very brittle. Being of a very dark xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 189 color, with two broad, black lines on the dorsal surface, run- ning the length of the larvae, it was impossible to detect any splits in the skins in this shortened, hardened, opaque condi- tion. Soaking in water for a week did not soften them. How- ever boiling for 10 minutes in 10% solution of sodium hydrox- ide did soften the skins so that they could be examined. Both examination and measuring were done with wet skins. They were put on a slide under the dissecting microscope and gently pulled until all the folds were smoothed out. Often they pulled out to twice their length in the dried state. The distance was then measured between each pair of legs, starting with the third thoracic leg and ending with the last proleg. The same method was used as that described on a previous page far the tussock moths. At the same time the manner of the splitting in the exuviae was noted and recorded. The figures of the measurements were then arranged in order from the smallest to the largest. I'irsf c.viii'iiic. 9 exuviae measured in this moult ranged in size from 2.633 mm to 3. 859 mm; 8 skins showed no split whatsoever in the thorax ; 1 skin showed a split in the mid- dorsal line through the first 2 thoracic segments; 1 attached head measured 0.454 mm in width; 1 attached head measured 0.4994 mm. Although the majority of the head capsules were detached from the rest of the exuviae, a few remained attached, and these were measured. None showed any splits. Second c.viti'utc. 16 skins measured from this moult varied in length from 4.313 mm. to 5.448 mm. 1 of these skins showed no split whatsoever, the others split along the mid- dorsal line; 8 through 2 thoracic segments and 7 through 3 thoracic segments. 4 attached heads measured 0.681 mm. in width. Third c.ni'i'iac. 18 skins were measured from this moult. The smallest measured 7.137 mm and the largest 8.9438 mm; 18 split along the mid-dor.sal line in 3 thoracic segments; 4 attached heads measured 1.089 mm. and 1 head measured 1.362 mm. I'durih c.\'nriac. 104 skins seem to belong to this moult. In all these skins there is not more than 0.5 mm difference be- 190 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Juty. '37 tween any two successive sizes. All of these skins were taken from the ahandoned nests of 1933. The smallest of these measured 10.609 mm, and the largest 16.798 mm. All split in the mid-dorsal line and of these, 5 split through the first and second thoracic segments, 93 split through three thoracic segments and 6 split through three thoracic and one abdominal segment. The smallest head from this moult measured 1.4528 mm. Fifth exuviae. 35 skins were measured in this moult. These were the largest skins found in the web, and should therefore be the last moulted skins before the larvae spun the cocoons. All split along the mid-dorsal line, 27 through the thorax only and 8 through the thorax and the first abdominal segment. Last larval moult. These skins were shed after the larvae had spun the cocoons. The head capsules were still attached to the rest of the exuivae, but badly crushed. These skins were jammed in a tight ball about 5 mmi in diameter, in the bottom of the cocoons. They were boiled for 20 minutes, but even this failed to cause them to open. They were pulled open with the needles, but this damaged them too much to make accurate measurements. Most of the skins showed only the split through the three thoracic segments. The pupal skins. The mid-dorsal split was through all three thoracic segments, connecting with a transverse split between the thorax and abdomen on the dorsal surface, extending along the dorsal edge of the wings for two abdominal segments. There was no ventral split. MOULTING FISSURES OF CATERPILLARS REMOVED FROM THEIR COCOONS. In 1935 some further observations were made to ascertain if the splits in the exuviae of the last larval moult from cater- pillars which had been removed from their cocoons are of the same extent as the splits in exuviae from caterpillars left with- in the cocoons. It was rather difficult to judge when was the best time to remove the caterpillars from the pupal case. If removed im- mediately after spinning the cocoon, some would spin a second xlviii, '37] KXTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 191 cocoon. If allowed to rest awhile after the cocoon was finished before being taken from it, many caterpillars would remain inert, and would not moult but would die. If allowed to re- main in the cocoon a day, they had already moulted in the cocoon. Hcincrocampa Icucostigma, July 6, 1935, 20 caterpillars spun cocoons and were removed from them and placed on tissue paper in a cardboard box, with a wet blotter in one end. 1 resptin a cocoon and was again removed but died later; 13 others died also; 6 moulted outside the cocoon. From these pupae 2 adults emerged (female) July 14; 2 adults emerged (females) July 15; 1 adult emerged (female) July 16; 1 adult emerged (male) July 17. Manner of splitting of last larval exuviae: All had the head capsule still attached to the rest of the exuvia, showing the Y-split and the split continued down the mid-dorsal line of the thorax and the first abdominal segment; one exuvia broke. This corresponds exactly to the extent of the splits of the exuviae of the female caterpillars within the cocoons as mentioned on a previous page. The pupal skins also ruptured normally. Alalacosotna americana, June 6, 1935, 85 cocoons were re- moved from four nests ; 52 had already transformed to pupae, 15 were parasitized and discarded, 18 were still caterpillars. The 52 pupae were placed on tissue paper in a cardboard box and 19 hatched out as moths; many of the others were parasi- tized, for every day large wasps were found in the box, al- though it was kept in a screened, enclosed shed. Of the 18 caterpillars, 4 taken from the cocoons in the morning, moulted before 9 p. m., June 6; 1 shed its skin before 9 a. m. June 7; 2 spun a cocoon, were removed and later moulted; 11 d : In all the larval exuviae, the head capsule remained attached; 4 split in the mid-dorsal line through the thorax only, 2 split through the thorax and the first abdominal segment, 1 split through the first two thoracic segments. These splits differ little or none from those in the exuviae taken from the pupal cases mentioned on a previous page. The pupal skins also 192 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [July, '37 ruptured the same way. It therefore matters little whether a caterpillar moults within the cocoon or out of it, the extent of the split is the same. SOME PREVIOUS DESCRIPTIONS OF MOULTING IN LEPIDOPTERA. Eidmann (1924, pp. 590) stated, "Bekanntlich reisst die Cu- ticula hei der Hautung stets an der gleichen Stelle, der sog- enannten Hautungsnaht, oder-linie, die sich bei der weitaus grossten Mehrzahl der Insekten auf der Dorsalseite des Kor- pers von der ersten Ahdominalsegmenten in der Medianlinie iiber den Thorax his zum Kopf erstreckt, wo sie sich Y-oder T-formig gabelt. . . . Bei den Raupen der Lepidopteren . . . wird zunachst der Kopf an der Verwachsungsstette mit dem Korper abgesprengt und die Larvae arbeitet sich aus dem Sackformigen Futteral heraus." He evidently does not include the last larval moult in the cocoon. K. L. Henriksen (1932) gives an interesting description, particularly of the moulting of the pupal skin. He states, "As well known since the time of Reaumur (1734), the caterpillars of Lepidoptera moult through a rent along the 3 thoracal seg- ments, posteriorly also often traversing the first abdominal segment. Anteriorly this splitting line may continue into the head and form the usual Y (for instance in Vanessa}, but in other instances (for instance Hesperidae) no opening of the head capsule takes place ; the head of the new instar is drawn back through the occipital foramen of the old head capsule and out through the rent in the thoracic region. As the obtect pupa of the Lepidoptera is more specialized than the common ex- arate pupa of other insects, also a more specialized moulting manner might probably be expected in the Lepidoptera, and this is also the case, as already Reaumur (1734) has described. The base is indeed still the paired sagittal rent, which however only traverses the dorsum of the 2 wing-bearing segments, but not the pronotum nor the head, instead of which supplemen- tary rents have appeared. From the posterior point of the sagittal split the rent continues to each side along the hind border of the wing buds, either stopping on the side in about the height of the spiracles (Vanessa} or continuing around the venter. Then they may join the lower part of another rent, xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 193 which is in every case present, outlining the entire part medi- ally to the wings, viz the head, antennae and legs ; the upper- most, dorsal point of this latter rent joins the anterior point of the dorsal sagittal rent. Thus the pupal cuticle . . . opens anteriorly either through 3 flaps (1 ventral, 2 dorsal) or will break into 4 separate pieces." When the author began raising the caterpillars, their future sex was not taken into consideration. The larvae were all raised in one large tin, irrespective of when they emerged from the egg. Mosher and Webber (1914), who raised larvae of the gypsy moth, kept the larvae of one age in the same tray, using smaller trays for the small larvae and larger ones for the older larvae. "These trays had a band of tangle foot one inch wide, on the upper inside margin, to prevent the escape of the larva or intrusion of others. Each tray was inspected daily and it \\ as found that those larva which pupated in the fifth stage produced male moths, while those larva having a sixth stage developed females." They report Prof. C. H. Fernald (1896), p. 305 as stating that out of a batch of 55 newly hatched larvae (of the gypsy moth) 52 completed their trans- formations with the following results, 1 female moulted 6 times, 29 females moulted 5 times, 9 females moulted 4 times, 7 males moulted 5 times and 6 males moulted 4 times. Gaines and Campbell (1935, p. 460) state: : 'The frequency of the head measurements showed that the larvae from corn and hegari had 6 instars, whereas those from cotton had 7 instars." If these variations occur in gypsy moths rind corn enr worms, they may occur in other species also. The only means the author employed to determine to which moult the exuviae belonged, were their appearance and length. All of the largest exuviae found would then, no doubt, be those of future fe- males. Determination of the R.vnriac. Dyar (1S90) pointed out that "the widths of the head of a (Lepidopterous) larva in its successive stages follow a regular geometrical progression." Tf this be true of the heads it may be approximately true of the 194 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS U ur y> '37 length of the body. Taking the reciprocal ratio of that of Dyar, (dividing the length of the live tussock larva just emerged from the egg, into that of the larva just finishing the first moult) we got a ratio of 1.70; the length of the second instar larva into that of the third gives us the ratio of 1.38. Dividing the average length of the exuviae of each moult into that of the succeeding moult we get the following ratios; 1.45; 2.24; 1.83; 1.45. These ratios with the exception of the sec- ond, fall within the range of 1.28 to 1.84 noted by Calvert (1929, p. 251) as given by Ripley for Agrolis ypsilou. Such being the case, the allotting of the exuviae to the different moults seems to be correct. However, for the present purpose, it is the nature of the splitting and not the exact determination of the moults, that is the more important. There is still the question as to whether the fall-web worm would have exhibited the mid-dorsal split in later moults. If not, this species shows a deviation from the generally accepted statement, that Lepidopterous larva moult by a mid-dorsal split on the thorax. The Tussock Moth, the Tent Caterpillar and the Fall web worm all show in the majority of the exuviae of each species and in the same moult, splits of the same extent, but there is a minority which varies in this respect. The majority of the exuviae of all larval moults, except the last larval of the Tus- sock Moth, split to the same extent. The same is true for the Tent Caterpillar. The Fall-web worm has the two lateral splits through the thorax in the first moult, at least, while the other two species show a mid-dorsal split and sometimes none at all. LITERATURE CITED. CALVERT, P. P. 1929. Different rates of Growth among ani- mals with special reference to the Odonata. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc 68; 227-274. ID. 1934. The rates of growth, larval development and seasonal distribution of dragonflies of the genus Anax (Odo- nata; Aeshnidae) Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 73; 1-70, 3 pis. DYAR, H. G. 1890. The number of moults of Lepidopterous larvae. Psyche 5; 420-422. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 195 EIDMAXN 1924. Untersuchungen iiher \Vachsiuni nnd Iliiu- tung der Insekten. Zs. Morph. Oekl. Tiere Berlin 2:566-610, 16 fig. FERNALD, C. H. 1896. In Korbush. E. H. ;ui(l Fernald, C. H. The Gypsy Moth, P>nst '37 According to Merriam's map of the life zones of the United States, the locality at which these specimens were secured lies near the line of contact between the Transition zone and the Carolinian division of the Upper Austral Zone. The former extends as a wide band from New York State across Penn- sylvania and is thence carried along the Appalachians and the higher portions of the Alleghany plateau as far as northern Georgia. In Pennsylvania and West Virginia the western margin of this zone roughly coincides with the eastern limits of the Ohio River drainage basin, which otherwise lies wholly within the Upper Austral Zone. The mixed character of the fauna, which is thus implied, is substantiated by the present series of Orthoptera. Certain species in this series as Orphul- ella speciosa, Encoptolophus sordidus, Ncoconocephalus en- sigcr, and especially Scudderia pistillata, are generally northern in distribution; while others, as Syrbula admirabilis, Hippiscus rugosus, Trachyrhachis kiowa fuscifrons, and Melanoplus dif- ferentialis, are typically austral in range. The topography of the region in which Washington is situ- ated is similar to that of the general Alleghany Plateau. As is shown on the topographic maps of the Amity and Claysville quadrangles published by the United States Geological Survey, the surface in the general vicinity of the town ranges in alti- tude from about 1000 feet in the lowest valleys to 1250 to 1400 feet on the summits of the larger hills. The latter elevation corresponds to the general altitude of the original, nearly level surface of the plateau, out of which the present diversified topography of the region has been carved. Consequently, al- though at a distance the summits present a nearly level sky- line suggestive of an ancient stage of peneplanation, the pres- ent surface is remarkably rough and rugged, having been cut up by erosion into a confused network of short ridges, separa- ted from one another by deep and generally narrow valleys. Hence, when viewed from the valleys, the scenery presents more nearly the aspect of a district of low mountainous eleva- tions than of the deeply dissected table-land, out of which the geological structure of the country shows the present surface to have been produced through erosion. xlviii, '37] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 197 Formerly the country about Washington was heavily fores- ted, but practically all the original timber has long been re- moved and at the present time about all that is left are scat- tered tracts of second-growth timber springing up on the more preciptious slopes or capping some of the higher summits. Hardwoods predominate, the oaks forming the most conspicu- ous component. The rapid and extensive removal of its forests was doubtless due in large part to exploitation of the rich coal and oil de- posits of the region. It was presumably also responsible for the present impoverished state of the soil, which, except for occasional minor tracts of alluvium in some of the wider val- leys, is generally thin and full of angular stony fragments. The following list includes only the species of Orthoptera represented in the collection and doubtless falls far short of being a complete list of all species of the group represented in the rep-ion. In view of the fact that the Alleghanv Plateau is o * one of the outstanding centers of distribution for brachypter- ous melanopli, it is rather surprising to find none of that group in the collection. However, the extensive deforestation, to which the country about Washington has evidently been sub- jected, may perhaps account for the absence of these character- istically sylvan and usually locally restricted types. Doubtless future field work on a larger, and more intensive, scale will bring to light such forms, as well as other sylvan types sim- ilarly noted for their highly restricted habitat relations. NOMOTETTIX CRISTATUS COMPRESSUS MorSC. VIII 30, 1 $ , 39,1 juv. $ . Reference of the specimens to this race is made with some hesitation. They are not typical, having the distinctive racial characters much less clearly defined than in typical material of coinpressns from west-central Tennessee, and approximating crislatiis cristatus, to which race the present material is evi- dently transitional, as would be expected from its geographical location. Occurring in a hay stubble field on level, partly moist ground near a small stream. ACKVDII-M ORNATUM Say. VTTT .30. 3 5,1 9.4 juv. $, 4 juv. 9 . Taken in the same surroundings as the preceding. A. ARENOSUM ANCUSTUM (Hancock). VIII 30, 1 $. As- sociated with oniatum. 198 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [J u ty> '37 TETTIGIDEA LATERALIS LATERALIS Say. VIII 23-30, 10 $ , 11 9,4 juv. $ , 5 juv. 9 . Occurring in the same places as the other grouse-locusts and apparently the most abundant local representative of the group. SYRBULA ADMIRABILIS (Uhler). VIII 30, 1 9. Taken in a field of timothy stubble on nearly level ground in the bottom of a ravine. This is apparently the first record of the occur- rence of this attractive grasshopper in Pennsylvania and its presence at Washington at an altitude of fully 1000 feet would seem to indicate a much greater northward extension of its range in the lowlands of the Ohio drainag